【摘要】 <正> 地质说明在山西襄汾县丁村附近发掘旧石器的时候,在丁村附近许多地点发现了许多化石。其中90,91,92,93,94,96,97,98,99,100,102等11个地点都有旧石器和哺乳动物化石,100地点更有三枚人类的牙齿发现,这许多化石和旧石器都是同一地质时代,已有综合报告发表(裴文中等,1958)。此外,在汾河西岸,与柴庄车站相对的第103地点,在已经有些胶更多还原

【Abstract】 The study of mammalian and other fossils collected from the Palaeolithic site of Tingtsunarea,in Hsiang-fen district of Shansi Province has been published together with the Palaeolithsin a special memoir of our Institute.To avoid any confusion with the Palaeoliths,it is pro-posed to publish the mammalian fossils of Sanmenian age from Locality 103 and others in thesame area in a separate articles as the present one.Locality 103 is situated on the other(western)bank of the Fen River,facing the railwaystation Chai-chuang.At the base of Loc.103 there is one layer of Pontian red clay(vide Fig.1,in Chinese text).No Hipparion was collected here but one single upper cheek-tooth of this fossil was found inthe red clay of the same lithographic character at the month of Tung Liu-kuo valley,not far fromhere.Above the Hipparion red clay,there is one thick layer about 30 m of whitecoarse sand,oc-cationally with some small rounded pebbles,considerably consolidated but not well stratified. Overlying the thick sand layer,there is one consolidated greenish marl without fossil.Onthe top of the consolidated marl it comes to another sand layer,about 4 m thick of smallergrains,well stratified,and consolidated in certain degree.All the fossils described in the presentarticle are found in this layer.Super-imposed on the fossiliferous sand layer,it is another layer of greenish marl about 10 mthick,which is succeeded by a thin layer of white-sand with Lamprotula shells.Covering all the above mentioned deposits it is a layer of reddish clay of Choukoutien agewith numerous small concretions.At the top most,a layer of grayish loess partly cultivated alsoexists.From this locality we collected 7 forms of fossils:1.Proboscidipparion2.Equus sanmenensis3.Gazella sinensis4.Fenhoryx wangchihyii(gen.et.sp.nov.)5.Cervus(Axis)sp.6.?Dama sp.7.Elephantidae indet.Except the Fenhoryx is a new form and three other undeterminable ones,all the other threeare known as characteristic in North China for Lower Sanmenian horizon(or Nihowanian).Itseems,therefore,the geological age of Loc.103 is,beyond any doubt,of Lower Sanmenian orVillafranchian.One upper cheek tooth of Hipparion,one lower cheek tooth of Probascidipparion andtwo of lower teeth of Equus sanmenensis from Tung-liu-kuo,from Loc.101 and the base of Loc.100 and also described in the same article.Hipparion sp.One isolated tooth,probably M~3(V.1502)(Fig.2A),was found in the Pontian red clay ofthe mouth of Tung-liu-kuo valley.It is an ordinary small form of Hipparion of North Chinaand might be referable to one of many species created by Sefve(Seve,1927).proboscidipparion cf.sinense SefveOne tooth(probably P~4)(V.1019)from the same forizon as the Fenhoryx of Loc.103,another tooth(P~2)(V.1455)from Loc.101,and some foothones from Loc.103 are referable toa large type of three toed proboscidean horse.On P~4(Fig.2,B),we observe that the folds of the enamels are very complicate and the pro-tocone is separated from the inner enamel fold.On P~2(Fig.2,C)the same characters are also noticed.We may refer these two specimens toProboscidipparion of Lower Sanmenian of North China.Equus sanmenensisOne upper tooth(V.1500)(Fig.2,D)from Loc.103,one lower tooth from the base of Loc.100(V.1334)(Fig.2,E)and another lower tooth from Loc.101(V.1456)(Fig.2,F)representa large form of true horse found together with large type of Hipparion.Their dimensions andcharacters agrees well with those of E.sanmenensis from Nihowan. Subfamily Boodontia SchlosserGroup Pseudatraginae SchlosserFenhoryx(Gen.nov.),Diagnosis:Skull moderately large and long.Cranial axis slightly bent,lachrymal fossaabsent.Horns,slightly curved,pointed backward and outward,set just behind the orbits,sub-rounded in cross-section.Check teeth moderately hypsodont,with vertical costal on outer side of the upper and innerside of the lower,internal pillars rather strong but moderately low.All teeth with thick enameland thin cement.Comparison and Discussion:The new genus Fenhoryx is undoubtedly an animaltoxonomically positioned in between Bovinae and Gazellinae.Its teeth are similar to Bovine ingeneral structure but simpler and more slender.For the slenderness of its digits and metatarsusbones,it seems it did not live in swampy region as Bovinae but in some mountainous area whereit was nourished only on grass and fresh buds and branches of brushes.Fenhoryx differs from Protoryx by its cranical axis being almost straight and from Tragacerosby its horns being not elliptic or carnated on front.Sinoryx has a muzzle flat,broad and short,which can be easily distinguished from our pre-sent form.Dorcadoryx is much smaller than our present form and its horns are triangular or oval incross-section.The brain case of Paraprotoryx is strongly projected backward and by which it iscompletely separated from our Fenhoryx.Palaeoryx Gaudry is somewhat similar to our Fenhoryx in dentition as outlined by Pilgrimand Hopwood,however,its muzzle is shorter and the horns set more closely and pointed morebackward than in our form.The known genus?Protoryx of both Teilhard and Bohlin is what is mostly approaching ourFenhoryx,however,by the more backwardly projected brain case and the closeness of the twohorns of the former,the present form stands certainly apart from the known fossils.From the foregoing comparison,it seems during the Lower Sanmennian(Villafranchian)time,in the lower Fenho plain in South Shansi,there lived a special branch of Pseudotraginae,last survival of this group.And perhaps it was poorly popularized in North China and becameextinct in later time,because so far it was not discovered in such a rich-fossil country.Elephantidae indet.From Loc.103,we also collected one metacarpale(Ⅲ,Fig.9A)and two metatarsus(Ⅳ &Ⅴ,Fig.9B & C)and one lunar bone of Elephantidae.A closer determination is not possible.更多还原