【摘要】 本文利用中央气象局出版的《北半球高空气候图集》中的风场资料,计算了50°E—130°W,0°—50°N范围内,七月平均850mb—100mb各标准层上的垂直运动,分析了不同区域的经向和纬向垂直环流的特点。指出:夏季130°E以西的低纬度为巨大的西南季风环流区,此外在高原的南北两侧还各存在一较小的经向环流圈,影响着高原附近的天气和气候;160°E以东的中低纬度的海洋上空为经典的Hadley环流所控制,其强度和影响的范围自西向东递增;由于青藏高原地形及夏季的热源作用,使其与西半球,南半球和中东太平洋的天气系统产生遥相关;平均直接从青藏高原上升的气流对西太平洋副高的贡献不大,而平均从西边直接下沉到西太平洋副高的气流是从高原以东的大陆上升的。最后根据计算和分析结果给出了青藏高原及其邻近地区三维空间的垂直环流示意图。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, we have analyzed the vertical circulations on various vertical meridional and zonal planes. It is shown that to the west of 130 °B there exists a huge monsoon circulation with ascending branch extending from the Tsinghai-Tibetan Plateau to almost the equatorial latitudes of Northern Hemisphere and the descending branch mainly in the Southern Hemisphere. Within this huge monsoon circulation there is a small vertical cell with the ascending branch over the central part of the plateau and the descending branch along the southern periphery of the plateau. Over the northern half of the plateau there is another vertical cell symmetric with respect to the southern one, but the northrn one is smaller. The descending branches of the two cells have a great deal of influence on the weather and climate.To the east of 160°E previals the typical Hadley circulation and the intensity of which increases eastward. Due to the influence of the huge heat source over the high Tsinghai-Tibetan Plateau, the circulation over it has a teleconnection with remote regions, i.e. east Pacific, the tropical latitudes of the southern hemisphere and also the regions far to the west. On the mean the ascending current directly originated from the plateau could not descend to western Pacific. The air descending to the subtropical high of the western Pacific is mainly from the ascending current over the continent to the east of the plateau.Finally, based on the calculated and analyzed results, the schematic picture of the three-dimensional structure of the circulation over the plateau and its surrounding area is given.更多还原