【摘要】 <正> 陆地棉(又称美棉,学名Gossypium hirsutum)和亚洲棉(又称中棉,学名Gossy-pium arboreum)是我国棉花生产上两种重要的棉种。陆地棉丰产而且纤维质量优良是其优点,现已大量推广种植。亚洲棉虽然在纤维长度和产量上不及陆地棉,但是它的抗性较强,比较早熟,在这些方面为美棉所不及。育种学家多年来便尝试作陆地棉与亚洲棉的种间杂交,企图得到一个陆地棉与亚洲棉之间的种间杂种,能兼备两种棉的优点于一体。 棉花的种间杂交工作始自Zaitzev(根据),他所用的杂交材料是Gossypiumherbaceum和Gossypium hirsutum。此后关于棉属的种间杂交的试验报告甚多(Desai,更多还原

【Abstract】 The interspecific cross between Upland cotton and Asiatic cotton has long a focus problem. Much work has bean done recently along this line by Chinese botanists. However, the embryo-logical study of such remains sporadic. In 1956 the authors used Stoneville-4 B (G. hirsutum) as female and Shansi soft cotton (山西软花, G. arboreum) as. male in an interspecific hybridization, and observed the embryological changes after pollination at 24, 48, and 72 hrs. respectively According to Michurin’s theory, to graft female parent on male parent plant before interspecific hybridization is an important method in minimizing hybrid seed failure. To this end the authors grafted Stone-ville 4 B (during seedling stage) on Shansi soft cotton (at the bagining of flowering stage) and employed some of these grafted plants as females in the interspecific crosses also. The embryological changes in this instance were also investigated. The results were summarized as follows:1. In the cross of G. hirsutum X G. arboreum the frequencies of pollen tube penetration into ovules and the division of polar nuclei were much loss than the selfing of G. hirsutum.2. No embryo formation was observed at 72 hrs. after interspecific pollination while in selfing of G. hirsutum this process had already commenced,3. The treatment, G. hirsutum grafted on G. arboreum and pollinated by the latter, gave a quite different result. In a few cases (3 out of 45 ovules investigated) at 72 hrs. after pollination the process of embryo-formation had begun. This fact showed that, the vegetative rapprochement had a positive effect in promoting, hybrid embryo development.更多还原