【摘要】 <正> 自本世纪五十年代以来,由于分子生物学和生物化学的迅速发展,生物化学方法已在分类学中应用。例如,在分子水平上探索生物的进化。这种方法可对形态上不易区分的种间或种下类群进行分类,使分类方法更加准确。 蛋白质分子是生物体内化学组分中带遗传信息的高分子,它们的分子是由二十种左右的氨基酸以不同的比例和排列顺序组成的。它们的分子量大小不同,所带的电荷不同,故在电场中移动的速度不一样。电泳技术利用这一原理把不同的蛋白质分开。生物的不同种类相应的蛋白质也常不相同,形成了生物体内蛋白质在物种或宗系的特异性。因此,蛋白质可以作为生物分类的重要依据之一。国外用细胞色素、血红蛋白,各种酶蛋白等进更多还原

【Abstract】 The common domesticated Peking duck is considered to be originated either from A.platyrhynchos or from A.poecilorhyncha.In order to clarify this ambiguity,polyaerylamide gel electrophoresis of the egg-white proteins of four species of the genus Anas were carried out for tracing their relationships.They included the proteins from fresh eggs of the Peking duck and A.poecilorhyncha obtained from Peking,and those of A.platyrhynchos and A.strepera collected from the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region.Our results show that the general electrophoretic pattern of Peking duck bears a closer resembence to that of A.platyrhynchos than to those of A.poecilorhyncha and A.strepera.We are,therefore,of the opinion that the Peking duck is more nearly allied to A.platyrhynchos than to the other species of the genus Anas.更多还原