【摘要】 <正> Day(1963)对单指虫类进行了较详细的研究,将单指虫属Cossura从丝鳃虫科Cirratulidae移出,建立了单指虫科Cossuridae,目前此科计有一属九种。 1962年著者等报告在东海分布有三叉单指虫C.coasta。不久以前我们整理中国海底更多还原

【Abstract】 After a detailed,comparative study of a large series of henthonic Polychaeta collected from the Yellow Sea,the East China Sea and the South China Sea,we found that specimens previously reported from the Bast China Sea as "Cossura coasta Kitamori" by Uschakov and Wu (1962) possess characters not only differing from those of the species but also of the genus.A re-examination of C.coasta Uschakov and Wu (not Kitamori) showed that each notopodia and neuropodia of the posterior region of the body is provided with an acicular seta.This character makes it different from the genus Cossura.On this basis we establish a new genus Heferocossura.Genus Heterocossura,gen.nov.Prestomium conical,pharynx eversible,soft and unarmed.No head appendages either on the prostomium or peristomium.No parapodial lobes on any segment.The first 2 segments behind the prostomium achaetous.First setigerous segment with a bundle of simple capillary setae on notopodia and neuropodia.Second to 22nd setigerous segments with two bundles of simple capillary setae which usually have flattened blades and spinulose margins.A long tentacle arising from the predorsum of the third setigerous segment.Type.Heterocossura aciculata,sp.nov.(Fig.1,A-G)Cossura coasta.-Uschakov and Wu,1962:94-95,Pl.T.Prostomium bluntly conical,slightly longer than broad,without eyespots.First two segments achaetous,shorter than subsequent segments.Body defined into two regions,anterior region extending from first to the 22nd setigerous segment;and posterior region extending from the 23rd setigerous segment to the end of body.First setigerous segment biramous,setae grouped into one bundle.Second to 22nd setigerous segment with two bundles of simple capillary setae on the notopodia and neuropodia.Third setigerous segment with a long cylindrical tentacle at its predorsum.Setae of two kinds:(1) Simple,orange,long capillary setae,with spinulose outer edge,(Fig.1 E,P) found in the segments (excluding the first) of the anterior region grouped into a bundle of 16-20 setae in the notopodium and 12-16 setae in the neuropodium.Bach bundle of setae arranged into front and hind rows.Hind row of setae longer than front row.(2) Acicular setae,found in the segments of the posterior region,one on each notopodium and neuropodium.Length of adult individuals,70-75mm;width of anterior region,1.8-2mm.Body segments numbering 100-112.Anal segment:Unknown,since all the specimens were incomplete posteriorly.Type specimen:The holotype (No.A-30) and paratype are deposited in the Institute of Oceanology,Academia Sinica,Tsingtao,China.Type locality:Qingdao,Jiaozhouwan (Kiao-Chow Bay),6m.in depth.Eemarks:This species is distributed in the coastal waters of the Yellow Sea,the East China Sea and the South China Sea.At the mouth of the Pearl Eiver,a density of 3,385 individuals per square meter has been recorded,biomass 12.80 grams per square meter.It is associated with some other polychaetes:Nephtys sp.,Sternaspis scutata (Eanzani),Pectinaria sp.;mollusks:Surcula javana (Linnaeus),Turrisleuco-tropis (Ad.et Reeve),Mactra serices Deshayes;crustaceans:Metapenaeopsis barbatus (de Haan),Metapenaeus ensis (de Haan),Parapenaeopsis tenellus Bate,Dorippe facchino (Herbst);eehinoderm:Amphioplus laevis (Lyaian);Pishes:Johnius belengeri (Curier),Cynoglossus melampetalus (Rich.) and Apogon kensis Jordan and Snyder,in mud,with salinity of about 28.5%.The scientific name of the species refers to the presence of acicular setae in the posterior region of the body.更多还原