【摘要】 <正> 刚刺颚口线虫(Cnathostoma hispidum Fedtschenko,1872)寄生于猪体中,普遍分布于欧洲、非洲和亚洲各地。我国广东(陈心陶,1936)、台湾(杉本,1939)、广西(张毅强,1963)、江西(彭家瑜,1964)、新疆(王善志等,1963)等地均有发现。在福建广布于闽南各县,龙海、南安、泉州、莆田和仙游等县市屠宰场中,经常在猪胃里检得这种线虫,在闽北邵武县亦有发现。我们于1974年4月在福州屠宰场检查740只猪胃,检得阳性28只,感染率占5.1％,感染强度为1—12条虫。这种线虫成虫以头球侵入胃壁,破坏胃粘膜,使胃壁形成更多还原

【Abstract】 Gnathostoma hispidum Fedtschenko,1872 is a widespread parasite of swines in Fukien Province.According to our examination of 740 pigs from slaugher houses in Foochow,5.1% of them were found infected.Result of our studies on the development and transmission of this parasite may be summarized below.1.Under a constant temperature of 28℃,the mature eggs were cultured in water.It took about 7-8 days for the eggs to develop into the first-stage larvae.Still within the eggs,the first-stage larvae moulted into the second-stage larvae immediately,and were hatched in about 9-10 days.2.The newly hatched larvae were ingested by cyclops.The parasites penetrated from the gullet of the cyclops into the hemocoele and developed into the third-stage larvae in about 9-10 days after infection,depending upon the temperature.3.Eight species of cyelops were experimentally infected in our laboratory and all of them showed positive reactions.The eyclops we use were Mesocyelops leuckarti,Cyclops vincvnus,Cyelops strerws,Eucyclops serratus,Thermooydops oithonoides,Tkermocyclops kyalinus,Acwithocyclops virides and Macrocydops albidus.Among these species,M.leuckarti showed to be especially highly susceptible,with a rate of 100% infection.We may,therefore,conclude that M.leuckarti serves as an important intermediate host of G.hispidum in our province.4.The third-stage larvae from cyclopids were experimentally fed to white rats and Daurian pika (Oehotona daurica).The parasites penetrated into the stomach wall of all these hosts and grew rapidly into the advanced third-stage larvae after 10 days.Besides various species of freshwater fishes such as gold-fishes,Pseudorasbora parva and Maeropodus operculwis were also experimentally infected.We noticed that some larvae were capable of penetrating into the intestinal wall of the hosts,but they could not develop any further and died within 1-2 weeks.Prom the above experiments we conclude that pigs may be directly infected by eating the cyclops containing the third-stage larvae.It is not considered necessary for the pigs to be infected by eating the advanced third-stage larvae obtained from the infected freshwater fish or other vertebrates,as previously reported.The best way to prevent the pigs from getting the infection of G.Mspidwm is not to allow them drink water or eat water plants containing infected eopepods of the Cyclopidae.更多还原