【摘要】 <正> 甘肃黑山湖荒漠地区,蒙古白蛉(P.mongolensis Sinton,1928)和亚历山大白蛉(P.alexandri Sinton,1928)的数量都相当多。经生态学调查,证明这两种白蛉均为当地野栖性的蛉种.当人们进入荒漠地区时,这两种白蛉有侵袭人类的趋向。为了解这二种白蛉能否感染黑热病病原杜氏利什曼原虫,曾于1961年7—8月间进行了人工感染实验。更多还原

【Abstract】 There arc two species of sandflics in Hei-shan-hu, Kansu Province, namely P. alexandri and P. mongolensis. In the present paper, a report is made of the feeding experiments on kala-azar infected Cricetulus barabensis with these two species of sandflies. The results are as follows.1.Sixty six out of 135 P. alexandri (or 48.8%) fed on the infected animals became infected. In 20 sandflies, flagellates were found in the esophagus; in 7 of these the infection extended to the pharynx and one of these to the proboscis.2.Thirty three out of 148 P. mongolensis fed on the infected animals became infected. The infection rate was 22.2%. Only in 5 sandflies, flagellates were found in the provcntriculus and in one of these the infection was extended to the esophagus and pharynx.3.Of the 148 P. mongolensis dissected, 104 still contained blood, of which 32 became infected. The remaining 44 were empty, of which only one became infected, while of the 135 P. alexandri fed on the infected animals 118 still contained blood, and 17 were empty at the time when dissected. Among the 118 blood-containing sandflies 51 became infected, while in case of the 17 empty ones 15 became infected.4 In P. mongolensis the development of flagellates is dependent on the presence of the undigested blood meal, while in P. alexandri the infection does not depend on the presence of the blood.5.Upon observations of the peritrophic membrane of P. mongolensis two conditions were found: (1) The peritrophic membrane was for all the time intact, and after the complete digestion of the blood meal, it was discharged complete. (2) The peritrophic membrane was broken during the process of digestion of the blood meal. This condition occurred only rarely.6.Our results indicated that P. alexandri is a favourable host for the development of L. donovani, while P. mongolensis is not. The former may play an important role in the transmission of kala-azar locally whenever infected human cases occur.更多还原