【作者】 刘虹；

【导师】 孙建军；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 图书情报与档案管理， 2019， 博士

【摘要】 随着信息技术的不断进步和社交网络在各个垂直领域的深入发展,社交网络提供的功能服务已经从Twitter、Facebook、微博等一般性社交网络壮大到经济金融、医疗健康、公共服务、科学研究、在线教育等专业领域,科研社交网络就是在此背景下的新型非正式学术交流平台。科研社交网络的诞生为科研人员的学术信息资源获取、学术交流、合作机会发现提供了新的途径,很多科研人员对科研社交网络平台保持很大的期待和兴趣并积极注册相关科研社交网络平台,目前国内外的科研社交网络服务提供商的用户数量也呈现出不断增长的趋势。科研社交网络这一新兴非正式学术交流平台蓬勃发展,但是业界也有担忧的声音发出:科研社交网络平台的用户数量不断增长的同时,活跃用户的数量却一直低迷。另外,用户对科研社交网络中各项功能的使用并不频繁,往往仅仅是浏览相关页面。这对科研社交网络的发展而言不啻为一场危机,不利于充分利用科研社交网络的各项功能服务,不利于更好地为科研人员的学术研究提供辅助支持。在此背景下,对科研社交网络用户的使用研究更加具有现实意义和迫切性。作为一种新型的垂直学术型社交网络,科研社交网络中的学术信息获取与交流方式呈现出新的特点,用户使用科研社交网络的行为规律也发生了新的变化。如果将原有的虚拟科研社区用户的知识共享和行为研究的理论、方法照搬过来,不结合科研社交网络的特性进行深入挖掘,则会导致结论谬误,无法揭示科研社交网络用户知识共享的关键因素和用户行为的一般规律,不能有效指导科研社交网络的健康发展和推动学术交流和知识创新。鉴于此,有必要对科研社交网络的知识共享和用户行为研究展开深入研究。本文的研究目标是对科研社交网络用户采纳和采纳后两个阶段的使用行为及影响因素展开研究。在采纳阶段,科研社交网络用户的使用行为可以概括为使用科研社交网络提供的各项功能服务,依托科研社交网络平台开展学术交流与合作。因此,本文拟深入挖掘科研社交网络用户采纳过程中的使用动机要素和功能采纳要素,揭示科研社交网络用户使用动机与功能采纳偏好之间的关联,深入分析科研社交网络用户知识共享意愿的影响因素,并进一步对采纳后阶段科研社交网络用户持续使用意愿的影响因素及其影响机制展开研究,增进对科研社交网络用户行为的理解,为科研社交网络的功能改进和服务提升提供决策建议,促进用户对科研社交网络的采纳和持续使用,并为我国的非正式学术交流与知识共享平台的建设提供参考。开展的主要工作与结论如下所示,前五个研究面向科研社交网络用户采纳阶段,第六个研究面向科研社交网络用户采纳后阶段。第一,科研社交网络用户的使用动机。采用文献调研法和焦点小组方法,依托相关理论,从内在动机和外在动机两个角度构建科研社交网络用户使用动机量表。采用主成分分析方法,结合社会交换理论、社会资本理论、需求层次理论、身份传播理论等相关理论,进一步提炼科研社交网络的用户使用动机类型,将其划分为利他动机、知识获取动机、社交关系动机、社区认同动机和声誉动机五种类型。第二,科研社交网络用户的功能采纳。采用深度访谈方法,从用户、资源、社交三个角度构建科研社交网络用户功能采纳量表。通过主成分分析,进一步揭示用户对科研社交网络平台的功能服务的采纳情况,即信息搜集功能、资源交流功能、自我展示功能、人际互动功能4种类型。第三,科研社交网络用户使用动机与功能采纳的关联。采用相关分析、回归分析等研究方法,对科研社交网络用户的5种使用动机类型与4种功能采纳类型之间的关联予以揭示。研究结果表明,不同使用动机类型对科研社交网络用户整体功能服务采纳的影响存在差异,同时使用动机类型与用户的具体功能采纳密切相关。知识获取动机对用户的功能采纳影响最大,声誉动机和社区认同动机紧随其后,社交关系动机和利他动机对功能采纳的影响则相对较弱。第四,科研社交网络用户知识共享意愿的影响因素与作用机理。基于MOA理论、信息系统成功模型、自我效能理论和第三章的使用动机类型,构建科研社交网络用户知识共享意愿理论模型,采用网络问卷调查方法搜集数据并展开实证研究,深入揭示科研社交网络用户知识共享意愿的影响因素和作用机制。研究表明,利他动机、声誉动机、社区认同动机、知识获取动机、信息质量、系统质量、自我效能对科研社交网络用户知识共享意愿都存在显著正向影响。第五,性别和学科背景的调节作用。采用结构方程模型多群组分析方法探究性别和学科背景两个用户特征因素的调节作用。研究结果显示,性别对社区认同动机与知识共享意愿的关系具有调节作用,学科背景对知识获取动机、自我效能与知识共享意愿的关系具有调节作用。第六,科研社交网络用户持续使用意愿的影响因素与作用机理。基于期望确认模型、感知成本理论、习惯理论和主观规范理论,构建科研社交网络用户持续使用意愿的理论模型并对模型假设予以验证。研究结果表明,本文构建的理论模型可有效解释科研社交网络用户的持续使用意愿,理论模型中的8个研究假设有7个研究假设验证成立。期望确认度对科研社交网络用户的有用性感知和满意度都存在显著正向影响,感知有用性对科研社交网络用户的满意度和持续使用意愿存在显著正向影响;习惯和主观规范对持续使用意愿的正向影响被证实显著。通过深入剖析科研社交网络用户的使用动机和功能服务的采纳情况,本文丰富了科研社交网络用户使用动机与使用功能的研究内容,完善了科研社交网络的使用动机理论和采纳理论。同时,通过多维度挖掘科研社交网络用户知识共享意愿与持续使用意愿的影响因素与作用机理,本文丰富和拓展了科研社交网络用户行为的研究理论与研究成果,为科研社交网络用户行为研究提供崭新的研究视角,能够更细致和深入地挖掘科研社交网络用户使用与持续使用阶段的行为规律。从实践角度来看,本文为科研社交网络服务提供商的功能建设与服务改进、提高用户对科研社交网络功能服务的采纳、学术交流与知识共享活动的顺利展开与持续利用提供建议与决策依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the continuous progress of information technology and the in-depth development of social networks in various vertical fields,functional services provided by social networks have grown from general social networks such as Twitter,Facebook and Weibo to professional fields such as economics,finance,health care,public services,academic research and online education.Scientific social network is a new informal academic exchange platform under this background.The birth of scientific social networks provides a new way for scientific researchers to acquire academic information resources,exchange academic information and discover opportunities for cooperation.Many researchers maintain great expectation and interest in social networking platform for scientific research and actively register relevant social networking platform for scientific research.At present,the number of users of scientific social networks service providers at home and abroad is also showing a growing trend.As a new informal academic exchange platform,social networks for scientific research are booming,and there are also concerns in the industry.While the number of users of scientific social networks platforms is increasing,the number of active users has been declining.In addition,users do not frequently use various functions of scientific social networks,users often only browse relevant pages.This is a crisis for the development of social networks for scientific research.This is not conducive to making full use of the functions and services of scientific social networks,and alo this is not conducive to providing better support for the academic research of scientific researchers.In this context,it is more realistic and urgent to study the use behaviors of scientific social networks.As a new type of vertical academic social network,academic information acquisition and communication in scientific social networks show new characteristics.New changes have also taken place in the behavioral patterns of users using scientific social networks.If we just copy the theories and methods of knowledge sharing and user behaviors research in virtual scientific research community without exploring the characteristics of scientific social networks,it will lead to fallacious conclusions.It is impossible to reveal the key factors of knowledge sharing and the general rules of user behaviors in scientific social networks and alo cannot effectively guide the healthy development of scientific research social networks and promote academic exchanges and knowledge innovation.In view of this,it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on knowledge sharing and user behaviors of scientific social networks.The purpose of this paper is to study the user behaviors of scientific social networks in two stages including initial adoption and post-adoption.In the adoption stage,the user behavior of scientific social network can be summarized as various functional services for the use of scientific social network,and academic exchanges and cooperation carried out relying on the scientific social network platform.This paper reveals the factors of motivation and function adoption of users of scientific social networks,explores the relationship between user motivation and function adoption preference in scientific social networks,makes an in-depth analysis on the influencing factors and mechanism of knowledge sharing intention and Continuous Usage Intentions of scientific social networks.Through the above analysis,this paper aims to enhance the understanding of user behavior in scientific social networks,to provide decision-making suggestions for the functional improvement and service upgrading of scientific social networks,to promote users’ adoption and continuous use of scientific social networks,and also to provide reference for the construction of informal academic exchange and knowledge sharing platform in China.The main work and conclusions of this paper include the following,the first five studies are for the initial adoption stage of scientific social network users,and the sixth is for the post-adoption stage.Firstly,users’ motivations of scientific social networks.By using the methods of interviews and literature research,and relying on relevant theories,this paper constructs a scale of users’motivations for scientific social networks from two aspects:intrinsic motivations and external motivations.By using the principal component analysis method,combined with social exchange theory,social capital theory,hierarchy of needs theory,identity communication theory and other related theories,this paper further refines the types of user motivation of scientific research social networks,and divides them into five types:altruistic motivation,knowledge acquisition motivation,social relationship identification motivation,community identification motivation and reputation motivation.Secondly,scientific social network users’ function adoption.This paper adopts focus group method and constructs the user function adoption scale of scientific social networks from three levels of users,resources and social interaction.Through principal component analysis,this paper further reveals the types of users’ adoption of the functional services provided by scientific social networks platform,namely,information collection function,resource exchange function,selfdisplay function and interpersonal interaction function.Thirdly,the relationship between users’ motivations and function adoption in scientific social networks.By using the methods of correlation analysis and regression analysis,this paper reveals the relationship between the five motivation types and the four function types of scientific social network users.The results show that different types of motivations have different influence on the overall adoption of functional services by users of scientific social networks.Meanwhile,the types of motivations are closely related to the specific function adoption of users.Knowledge acquisition motivation has the greatest impact on users’ functional adoption,followed by reputation motivation and community identity motivation,while social relationship motivation and altruistic motivation have relatively weak impact on functional adoption.Fourthly,the influencing factors and mechanism of knowledge sharing intention of scientific social networks.Based on MOA theory,information system success model,self-efficacy theory and motivation types in Chapter 3,this paper constructs a theoretical model of knowledge sharing intention of scientific social network users.This paper collects data by means of network questionnaire survey and carries out empirical research,and reveals the influencing factors and mechanism of knowledge sharing intention of scientific social network users.The results show that altruistic motivation,reputation motivation,community identity motivation,knowledge acquisition motivation,information quality,system quality and self-efficacy have significant positive effects on users’ intention to share knowledge in scientific social networks.Fifthly,the moderating role of gender and subject background.Structural equation model multi-group analysis is adopted to explore the moderating effect of gender and subject background on two user characteristics.The results show that gender has a moderating effect on the relationship between community identity motivation and knowledge sharing intention,and disciplinary background has a moderating effect on the relationship between knowledge acquisition motivation,self-efficacy and knowledge sharing intention.Sixthly,the influencing factors and mechanism of Continuous Usage Intentions of scientific social networks.Based on Expectation Con firmation model,perceived cost theory,habitual theory and subjective norm theory,this paper constructs a theoretical model of influencing factors of Continuous Usage Intentions in scientific social networks and validates the hypothesis of the model.The results show that the theoretical model constructed in this paper can effectively explain Continuous Usage Intentions of social network users.Seven of the eight hypotheses in the theoretical model are validated.Expectation confirmation has a significant positive impact on users’perceived usefulness and satisfaction.Perceived usefulness has a significant positive impact on users’ satisfaction and Continuous Usage Intentions.Habit and subjective norms have a significant positive impact on Continuous Usage Intentions.Through in-depth analysis of user motivations and functional services of scientific social networks,this paper enriches the research content of the motivation and function of scientific social networks,and perfects the motivation theory and motivation adoption theory of scientific social networks.At the same time,by exploring the influencing factors and mechanism of the users’intentions to share knowledge and their Continuous Usage Intentions,this paper enriches and expands the research theory and results of users’ behaviors in the scientific social network environment,provides a new research perspective for the research of users’ behaviors in scientific social networks,and also can dig out the behavior rules of scientific social networks’ users in the stage of initial adoption and Continuous Usage Intentions more carefully and deeply.From a practical point of view,this paper provides suggestions and decision-making basis for the function construction and service improvement of scientific social networks service providers,users’adoption and sustainable utilization of scientific social networks,and the smooth development of academic exchanges and knowledge sharing activities.更多还原