【作者】 乌云格日乐；

【导师】 额尔敦哈达；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古大学 ， 中国语言文学， 2025， 博士

【摘要】 在蒙古族文学批评数百年的发展历程中,1949-1966年这十七年间的蒙古文文学批评是蒙古族当代文学批评的萌芽期,具有极为重要的历史意义。在这一时期,以毛泽东《在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话》为理论指导的文学批评范式得以构建,开启了蒙古族文学批评的新篇章。研究这一时期蒙古文文学批评,不仅有助于我们更深刻地理解蒙古族文学批评的发展脉络与特点,还能为当今文学批评的发展提供历史借鉴和启示。然而,目前在蒙古族文学领域,对这一时期蒙古文文学批评的全面系统地研究仍较为匮乏。本研究旨在揭示1949年至1966年期间蒙古文文学批评的发展规律及其价值。为此,本研究选取新中国成立后的十七年期间在蒙古文报纸期刊上公开发表的文学评论文章作为研究对象,并以马克思主义文艺理论为指导,对其展开全面系统的综合研究。1949年至1966年期间,蒙古文文学批评的发展受到了政治语境及其衍生的文学语境的深刻影响。在政治语境和文学语境的共同作用下,蒙古文文学批评呈现出了鲜明的时代特征。这一时期的蒙古文文学批评与政治高度融合,始终紧密围绕党和国家的文艺方针政策展开。1949年至1966年期间,蒙古族文学批评界以马克思主义文艺理论和毛泽东文艺思想作为理论指引,紧密结合蒙古族文学创作的实际状况,围绕文学本质、文学形象、文学语言、诗歌艺术特点等文学理论的诸多核心问题展开了全面而深入的探索。虽然当时的文学研究在某些方面仍显浅薄,但它为马克思主义文艺理论和毛泽东文艺思想在蒙古族文学界的普及与发展作出了巨大贡献。1949年至1966年期间,蒙古族文学批评界在社会主义现实主义文学创作理念的指导下,广泛采用“内容-思想-艺术”式阐释模式对文学作品展开分析。这一时期开展的文学论争进一步深化了这种阐释模式的应用,而文学研讨会这一蒙古族文学界新兴的文学批评形式则为其提供了更广阔的平台。1949年至1966年期间,蒙古文文学批评实现了从感性碎片化批评到理论系统化批评的转变,采用了更加科学的批评形式。在批评对象的选择上,不再仅仅局限于小说和诗歌,而是扩展到了散文、戏剧文学等多种体裁,从而有效拓宽了批评的视野。这一现代转型极大地推动了蒙古族文学批评的规范化发展,从而促使其在社会主义文化建设和蒙古族文学事业的发展中发挥了积极的作用。本研究首次从时代语境、文学观念、批评模式、现代转型和历史贡献等四个视角出发,系统揭示了这一时期蒙古文文学批评的全貌。在此过程中,不仅全面梳理了1949年至1966年期间蒙古文文学批评的发展脉络与特点,还为当今文学批评的发展提供了历史借鉴和启示。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the hundreds of years of development of Mongolian literary criticism,the Mongolian-language criticism from 1949 to 1966 is the germination period of the contemporary Mongolian literary criticism,which is of great historical significance.During this period the paradigm of literary criticism guided by Mao Zedong’s"Speech at the Yan’an Art Symposium"was constructed,opening a new chapter of Mongol literary criticism.The study of Mongolian-language literary criticism during this period not only helps us to understand more deeply the development context and characteristics of Mongolian literary criticism,also provides historical references and enlightenment for the development of literary criticism today.However,at present,the comprehensive and systematic study of this period of Mongolian-language literary is still relatively lacking in the field of Mongolian literature.The purpose of this study is to reveal the development law and value of Mongolian-language literary criticism from1949 to 1966.To achieve this goal,this study selects the literary comment articles published in the Mongolian-language newspapers and periodicals during seventeen years after the founding of New China as the research object,and uses the Marxist literary theory as the guide to conduct a comprehensive and systematic comprehensive study.During the of 1949 to 1966,the development of Mongolian-language literary criticism was deeply influenced by the political context and its derivative literary context.the joint action of the political context and the literary context,Mongolian-language literary criticism presented distinct characteristics of the times.During this period,Mongolian-language literary was highly integrated with politics and always closely centered on the literary policies and guidelines of the party and the state.During the period of 1949 to 196,the Mongolian literary criticism circles used Marxist literary theory and Mao Zedong’s literary thought as theoretical guidance,closely combined with the actual situation of Mongian literary creation,and carried out a comprehensive and in-depth exploration around many core issues of literary theory,such as the essence of literature,literary image,literary language,and artistic characteristics of poetry.Although the literary research at that time was still superficial in some aspects,it has made great contributions to the promotion and development of Marxist literary theory andao Zedong’s literary thought in the Mongolian literary circles.During the period of 1949 to 1966,the Mongolian criticism circles,under the guidance of the socialist realistic literary creation concept,widely used the"content-thought-art"style of interpretation model to analyze literary works.The literary launched during this period further deepened the application of this interpretation model,and the literary seminar,a new literary criticism form in the Mongolian literary circles,provided a broader platform it.During the period of 1949 to 1966,Mongolian-language literary criticism achieved a transformation from sensual fragmented criticism to systematic criticism,forming a modern critical text system,and transcended the single literary genre in the object of criticism,broadening the vision of criticism.This modern transformation has greatly promoted the development of Mongolian literary criticism,thus promoting it to play an active role in the construction of socialist culture and the development of Mongolian literary undertakings.This is the first to reveal the overall picture of Mongolian-language literary criticism during this period from four perspectives:era context,literary concept,criticism mode,modern transformation and historical.In this process,not only the development context and characteristics of Mongolian-language literary criticism from 1949 to 1966 are comprehensively sorted,but also historical references are provided for the development of literary criticism today.更多还原