【作者】 王佳娣；

【导师】 尹飞舟；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 翻译学， 2022， 博士

【摘要】 《道德经》又称《老子》,是先秦道家经典,集中体现了老子“道法自然”“无为”等哲学思想,语言凝练,内涵丰富、意蕴深远。现有《道德经》英译传播研究多基于传统媒介展开,主要关注译文、译者、译本流传与接受、世界性意义研究,对《道德经》在新媒介的英译传播鲜有关注。翻译传播行为是基于翻译传播过程理论提出的概念,整合了特定媒介情境下翻译传播主体、译者和受众的行为,突出翻译传播各要素之间的互动。媒介情境论强调媒介的发展变迁对社会交往中人们角色和行为产生的影响,为翻译传播行为研究提供了“媒介—情境—行为”的分析框架。本文以媒介情境论和翻译传播理论为基础,围绕《道德经》新媒介英译传播行为,拟解决以下问题:(一)新媒介塑造了何种翻译传播情境,如何影响翻译传播过程和行为?(二)新媒介情境下《道德经》英译传播的发起、翻译和接受行为有何特征和规律?(三)新媒介情境下《道德经》英译传播行为的总体特征和规律对中国典籍外译传播有何启示?本文综合运用文献法、观察法、个案法、调查法和内容分析法,对上述问题进行研究,有以下发现:(一)基于数字和网络技术的新媒介不仅是信息传输的载体和渠道,而且是贯穿翻译传播全过程的一种信息流通环境。翻译传播各要素的互动都在新媒介情境下发生,并受新媒介情境的制约。新媒介通过具体场景的分离、融合、关联和变换影响翻译传播各要素的互动,进而影响翻译传播过程及要素行为。(二)新媒介情境下,大众化个体和临时性群体成为《道德经》英译传播的重要发起力量,形成新“意见领袖”。认同《道德经》价值、分享道家思想、追求自我实现、寻求社会认同构成发起行为的动机。除原创译本的生产外,已有译本的数字化和再创作也是重要英译传播形式。发起行为具有独立性、即时性、碎片化、适应性和规范性等特点。(三)新媒介情境下,业余译者的广泛参与和机器译者的加入,使译者身份更为多元。同时,新媒介译者身份常与传播主体身份重叠。受新媒介平台规则制约、场景变化与融合、受众导向、译者主体性等因素的影响,翻译行为具有明晰化、变通性、显身化与生成性特征。(四)对新媒介受众的调查显示,《道德经》新媒介英译传播的受众以中老年人为主,男性多于女性,受教育程度普遍较高,主要来自英语国家,拥有不同职业背景。受众通过新媒介平台接收《道德经》英译讯息并做出反馈,表达对《道德经》思想价值、译文质量、文本意义以及现实意义的认知。(五)新媒介重建了《道德经》英译传播的场景,场景的变化带来传播主体、译者和受众身份的重建、阅读内涵的延伸、后台行为的前移以及传播效果的累积,使《道德经》英译传播行为呈现要素角色转化融合、行为过程动态生成、英译讯息多模传播以及受众接受为目标导向等总体特征,为中国典籍新媒介翻译传播的主体构成、内容和讯息形态选择、译者身份重构以及评价体系建构带来了启示。(六)新媒介扩大了《道德经》英译传播的范围,提升了《道德经》在英语世界的影响力,但同时也存在翻译传播内容失衡、翻译传播伦理困境、翻译质量差参不齐、评价机制有待完善以及经典的经典性被解构等问题。媒介技术本身给翻译传播带来的问题不可避免,但新媒介已成为翻译传播的重要情境是不争的事实。本文聚焦新媒介情境下的《道德经》英译传播行为,论述新媒介对英译传播情境的重塑,分析《道德经》英译传播发起、翻译及接受行为的特征和规律,进而探讨对中国典籍新媒介翻译传播的启示。中国典籍翻译传播是融通古今、连接中外的重要桥梁,在加强国际传播能力建设的背景下,承担着讲述中国故事、体现中国思想和精神力量的历史使命。本研究对《道德经》新媒介英译传播行为及其作用机制的探索为中国典籍翻译传播提供了新思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 Tao Te Ching,also known as Lao Tzu,is a pre-Qin Taoist classic.It demonstrates Lao Tzu’s philosophies such as "Dao Follows Nature" and "Wu Wei"(non-action)in condensed language with rich connotation and profound meaning.The existing research on the English translational communication of Tao Te Ching have been chiefly based on traditional media,and mainly focused on the translated texts,translators,the dissemination and reception of translations,and its worldwide significance.However,the study on the English translational communication of Tao Te Ching in new media remains inadequate.The translational communication behavior,a concept based on the theory of translational communication process,integrates the behaviors of communication subjects,translators,and audience in certain media situation,emphasizing the interaction of different elements in translational communication.The Situation Theory of Media emphasizes the effect of media on people’s role and behavior in social interaction.It provides an analytical framework "media — situation — behavior" for researching the translational communication behavior.Based on the Situation Theory of Media and Translational Communication Theory,this thesis explores the English translational communication behavior of Tao Te Ching presented in new media.The following questions are intent to be answered:(1)What kind of translational communication situation is shaped by new media,and how does it affect the translational communication process and behavior?(2)What are the characteristics and patterns of the initiation,translation,and acceptance behaviors of the English translational communication of Tao Te Ching in the new media situation?(3)What is its inspiration for the translational communication of other Chinese classics?To answer the above questions,the thesis comprehensively uses the methods of literature review,observation,case study,investigation,and content analysis.The results include:(1)New media based on digital and network technology is the carrier and channel of information transmission and an information circulation environment to run through the whole process of translational communication.The interaction of all elements of translational communication takes place in the new media situation and is conditioned by the situation.Through the separation,integration,relevance,and transformation of specific scenes,new media affects the interaction of various elements,which in turn affects the translational communication process and behavior.(2)In the new media situation,grassroots and temporary groups have become the important initiators for the English translational communication of Tao Te Ching,forming the new "leading opinion maker".Identifying with the value of Tao Te Ching,sharing Taoist thoughts,pursuing self-realization and seeking social identity constitute the motivations of the initiation.In addition to the original English translation,the digitalization and re-creation of the existing English translated texts are also important forms of English translational communication.The features of initiation behavior were embodied in its independence,immediacy,fragmentation,adaptability and standardization.(3)In the new media situation,the identity of translators became more diverse with the participation of amateur translators,and the joint effort of machine translators.Translators in the new media situation usually work as communication subjects at the same time.Influenced by new media platform rules,scenes change and integration,audience orientation,and translator’s subjectivity,the translation behavior is characterized by clarity,flexibility,visibility,and generating.(4)The survey on the new media audience shows that the audience of Tao Te Ching English translation in new media is mainly middle-aged and elderly people with more males than females,who generally received a high level of education.They are mainly from English-speaking countries and worked in different occupations.The audience receives the English translation information of Tao Te Ching through new media and gives feedback to express their cognition of the value,translation quality,textual meaning,and practical significance of Tao Te Ching.(5)New media reconstructs the scenes for the English translational communication of Tao Te Ching,which brings the reconstruction of the identities of communication subjects,translators and audience,extension of reading connotation,advance of back stage and accumulation of dissemination effects.In order to adapt to the rules of the new scenes,the English translational communication behavior of Tao Te Ching presents the general characteristics of elements’ transformation and integration,dynamic behavior generation process,multi-modal dissemination,and audience acceptance orientation.It provides a reference for Chinese classics translational communication in the constitution of communication subjects,selection of contents and information mode,reconstruction of translators’ identity and construction of evaluation system.(6)New media has expanded the scope of English translational communication of Tao Te Ching and enhanced its influence in the English world.However,there are still some problems,such as imbalanced contents in dissemination,ethical dilemmas,uneven translation quality,immature evaluation mechanisms,and deconstruction of canons.The problems brought by media technology are inevitable,but it is an indisputable fact that new media has become a critical situation for translational communication.Focusing on the English translational communication behavior of Tao Te Ching in the new media situation,the thesis discusses the reconstruction of the English translational communication situation by new media,and analyzes the characteristics and patterns of the initiation,translation and acceptance of English translational communication behavior,in efforts to shed light on the translational communication of Chinese classics in the new media situation.As an essential bridge between ancient and modern times and between China and foreign countries,the translational communication of Chinese classics undertakes the historical mission of telling China’s stories and reflecting China’s thought and spiritual power against the background of building up China’s international communication capacity.The exploration of the English translational communication behavior of Tao Te Ching in the new media situation and the mechanism behind provides new insights for the translational communication of Chinese classics.更多还原