【作者】 张星；

【导师】 何依；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 城乡规划学， 2022， 博士

【摘要】 在“长时段”历史进程中,我国城乡历史文化聚落之间社会、经济与文化活动交流频繁,在这一动态过程中整体的区域得以形塑。这种聚落与环境以及聚落与聚落之间的关联性,是潜藏于空间表象下的整体逻辑与意义系统,反映了区域人文脉络和地域性特征。因此,在一个完整的地理文化单元内,通过挖掘城乡历史文化聚落的关联性,寻找国土空间整合的历史逻辑和文化支点,并在当下城乡框架中重新揭示和解释区域整体性,是本文的研究要领。宁绍平原倚山枕海,被海洋、河流及山脉包围,是一块相对独立的地理单元,同时在咸淡交织的自然条件下,区域开发过程表现出独特的地域色彩,且富集大量具有整体性价值的城乡历史文化聚落遗产。所以宁绍平原作为一个相对完整、特色突出的区域性地理文化单元,是研究城乡遗产区域性保护的典型样本。全文内容按照“关联逻辑—关联形态—关联建构”的研究学理,顺次展开。首先,深入到区域具体时空中,分析城乡历史文化聚落区域关联形成与演化的历史机制。以年鉴派的层次性时间为构架,将区域聚落演化分为两类,一是在长时段人地关系下,区域景观格局按照相似的空间组织方式延展;二是在中时段社会局势下,城乡组织不断整合形成关联互动的系统,最终形成了地理相近、互动密切的城乡历史文化聚落空间组群。并通过对宁绍平原“人稠地狭”的人地关系和“农商社会”的社会局势的两条线索分析,识别具有关联性意义的聚落空间组群。其次,基于两种区域关联的历史机制,将城乡历史文化聚落的关联形态归纳为两种形式,一是自然基底关联,表现为不同地理单元内自然生态景观、农业生产景观及聚落生活景观在内,内部要素关联耦合形成的人地共生系统;二是点轴结构关联,表现为不同城乡板块内以传统城市、市镇、乡村为点、以文化廊道为轴形成聚落群落组合。在宁绍平原具体表现为湖域、平原、沿海地带三类地理单元和宁波地区、绍兴地区、姚江地区、三北地区四片城乡板块。最后,面对已变迁的历史环境和零散化的城乡历史文化聚落,提出以区域关联性思维重新建构和整合,在国土空间框架下重塑历史文化空间格局。并在宁绍地区探索区域关联体系的建构方法,首先以关联性为基础,识别挖掘普遍的、大量的“点状”乡土聚落,以及以河网水系、古道等构成的“线状”文化廊道和“面状”的景观风貌;其次以可读性为目的,以集群关联方式整合城乡历史文化聚落,以网络关联方式在新的城乡一体框架中重塑历史文化空间体系。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the "long-term" historical process,the social,economic and cultural activities between historic urban and rural settlements(HURS)in China are frequently exchanged,and the overall region can be shaped in this dynamic process.This relevance between settlements and environment and between settlements is an overall logic and meaning system hidden under the spatial representation,which reflects the regional humanistic context and regional characteristics.Therefore,in a complete geographical and cultural unit,by digging the relevance of HURS,fingding the historical logic and Cultural Fulcrum of territorial spatial integration,and revealing and explaining the regional integrity in the current urban and rural framework,is the key point of this paper.Ningshao plain is a relatively independent geographical unit,surrounded by seas,rivers and mountains.At the same time,the development process of Ningshao Plain shows unique regionalism under the natural conditions of salty and freshwater interweaving,and enriches a large number of HURS.Therefore,as a relatively complete and distinctive regional geographical and cultural unit,Ningshao plain is a typical sample for studying the regional protection of urban and rural heritage.The full text is carried out in sequence according to the research theory of " relevance logic-relevance form-relevance construction".Firstly,go deep into the specific time and space of the region,and analyze the historical mechanism of the formation and evolution of the regional relevance of HURS.Based on the hierarchical time frame of Annals,the evolution of regional settlements is divided into two categories.First,under the long-term man-land relationship,the regional landscape pattern is extended according to the similar spatial organization mode.Second,in the middle period of social situation,urban and rural organizations continue to integrate and form a system of correlation and interaction.Finally form spatial groups of HURS with similar geography and close interaction.Through the analysis of the two clues of man-land relationship of "more people and narrow land" and the social situation of "agricultural and commercial society" in Ningshao plain,we can identify the spatial groups of HURS.Secondly,based on the historical mechanism of two kinds of regional relevance,the relevance forms of HURS are summarized into two forms.One is the natural base correlation,which is manifested as the human land symbiosis system formed by the internal coupling of natural ecological landscape,agricultural production landscape and settlement life landscape in different geographical units.The second is the relevance of point axis structure,which is manifested in the combination of settlement communities with traditional cities,towns and villages as points and cultural corridors as axes in different urban and rural plates.In Ningshao plain,it is embodied in three types of geographical units: Lake area,plain and coastal zone,and four urban-rural plates: Ningbo area,Shaoxing area,Yaojiang area and Sanbei areas.Finally,in the face of the changed historical environment and scattered HURS,the paper proposes to reconstruct and integrate the regional relevance thinking,and reshape the spatial pattern of historical and cultural in the framework of territorial space.And explore the construction method of the regional correlation system in Ningshao plain.Firstly,on the basis of the relevation,it identifies and excavates the common and large number of rural settlements,as well as the cultural corridors and landscape features composed of river networks and ancient roads.Secondly,for the purpose of readability,the historical and cultural settlements of urban and rural areas are integrated by means of cluster association,and the historical and cultural spatial system is reconstructed by means of network association in a new urban-rural integrated framework.更多还原