【作者】 陈欣；

【导师】 康秀云；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 思想政治教育， 2022， 博士

【摘要】 追求美好生活是人类世代相续的永恒主题。随着中国特色社会主义进入新时代,我国社会主要矛盾转化为人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾。人民美好生活需要被充分激发出来,越来越多的人开始基于自身直观的生活体验勾勒自己的美好生活蓝图。大学生正处于人生成长的关键期,对美好生活的构思丰富且多变。作为社会主义的建设者和接班人,大学生能否拥有正确的美好生活观,能否将个人梦与中国梦联系起来,既事关自身美好生活的发展前景,也影响中华民族伟大复兴的历史进程。然而,现实地看,一些大学生对美好生活的认知存在模糊甚至错误倾向,迫切地需要引导与规约。此外,当前关于新时代大学生美好生活观的理论研究也存在诸多问题亟待攻破与澄清。基于此,本文以“新时代大学生美好生活观及其培育”为研究对象,坚持理论分析与实证分析相结合的研究方法,遵循“厘清理论前提——探究生成逻辑——阐释应然样态——考察现状特征——提出培育内容与路径”的研究思路,力图深刻阐释大学生美好生活观的内涵要义与主要结构,着力揭示新时代大学生美好生活观的生成逻辑与本质特征,科学剖析当代大学生美好生活观的现实样态及其深层次矛盾,进而提出新时代大学生美好生活观培育的“理”与“路”。全文除引言、结论外,共分为六章。第一章,大学生美好生活观的前提厘定。重在阐释大学生美好生活观的概念内涵、基本结构、主要特征与价值功能。在概念内涵方面,着重探讨了美好生活与大学生美好生活观的内涵要义,指出美好生活是建立在现实生存与发展条件以及主体内在需要基础上的理想生活形态,大学生美好生活观则指向作为主体的大学生在长期生活过程中形成的对“何为美好生活”以及“如何实现美好生活”等问题的总的看法和根本观点,是大学生世界观、人生观、价值观在美好生活问题上的集中展现。在基本结构方面,重在探究大学生美好生活观核心层与延展层的内容体系。在主要特征方面,指出大学生美好生活观具有继承性与发展性、趋同性与差异性、自发性与自觉性相统一的特征。在价值功能方面,着重从个体和社会双重角度进行考量,指出大学生美好生活观既能够为个体铸就生命存在的立身之本,推动主体人生境界的自我超越,也能够凝聚美好生活的价值共识,激扬民族复兴的青春力量。第二章,新时代大学生美好生活观的生成逻辑。着重阐释新时代大学生美好生活观的生成依据、生成机理和生成过程。在生成依据方面,分别从理论依据、文化依据和现实依据三方面出发,强调新时代大学生美好生活观既要对标马克思主义美好生活观的价值坐标,又要激活中国传统美好生活思想的文化密码,更要立足新时代我国社会主要矛盾转变的客观现实。在生成机理方面,指出新时代大学生美好生活观是在“个体”与“社会”的互动中生成,在“自我”与“时代”的共振中生成,在“中国特色”与“国际比较”中生成。在生成过程方面,着重从需要体认环节、价值内化环节、心理整合环节和践行外化环节阐释新时代大学生美好生活观生成的过程环节。第三章,新时代大学生美好生活观的应然样态。重点阐释新时代大学生美好生活观的应然样态与本质特征,包括新时代大学生美好生活观的价值取向、内容指向与实践路向三方面的本质规定与核心要义。在价值取向方面,指出新时代大学生美好生活观应诉求“真善美”的统一,既符合规律,合乎德性,又体现自由之境。在内容指向方面,提出新时代大学生美好生活观应凸显整全性和高层次性的统一,是丰富的物质生活、和谐的伦理生活和高雅的精神生活的辩证融合。在实践路向方面,指明新时代大学生美好生活观应体现宏观与微观的统一,既要立足社会的宏观视角,认识到平衡充分发展是实现美好生活的基本前提,中国道路是创造美好生活的必由之路,也要立足个体的微观层面,明确劳动创造是通达美好生活的根本路径,遵纪守法是追求美好生活的底线要求。第四章,新时代大学生美好生活观的现实考察。重在通过实证调研的方式整体把握新时代大学生美好生活观的现实样态。归纳概述当前大学生美好生活观的主流样态,包括对美好生活认知呈现内在矛盾、对“成长性需要”的集中诉求、对“中国式美好生活”认同度高。此外,着重分析大学生美好生活观存在的突出问题,包括“去目标化”的美好生活追求、精神生活的物化困境、逃避责任与“躲避崇高”、美好生活观中的“知行脱节”。在此基础上,深刻剖析当前大学生美好生活观问题产生的原因,包括资本逻辑与消费逻辑的“共谋”、现代主义与后现代主义的“夹攻”、经济全球化与网络亚文化的冲击、思想政治教育与生活世界的疏离、大学生个体价值判断力与反思精神的缺失。第五章,新时代大学生美好生活观培育的内容建构。重在解答新时代大学生美好生活观培育“做什么”的问题。阐明新时代大学生美好生活观培育内容的建构原则,包括导向性原则、结构性原则和解疑释惑原则。提出应优化新时代大学生美好生活观培育的主导性内容,包括加强理想信念教育、深化中国梦教育、开展义利观教育、强化奋斗精神教育和推进反思精神教育。指出应完善新时代大学生美好生活观培育的拓展性内容,包括引导大学生形成自主的学习观、友善的交往观、理性的消费观、健康的闲暇观和高尚的职业观。第六章,新时代大学生美好生活观培育的路径优化。重在回答新时代大学生美好生活观培育“如何做”的问题。提出应传承大学生美好生活观培育的优良传统,包括坚持显性教育与隐性教育的良性互动,坚持教育载体的因时而进、因势而新,坚持“大思政”协同育人优势的发挥。指明应推动新时代大学生美好生活观培育的方法革新,包括以“问题”为导向的说理教育法、以“叙事”为核心的心理疏导法、以“榜样”为引领的典型示范法、以“体验”为重点的实践养成法。强调应抓实新时代大学生美好生活观培育的关键点位,包含依托“大数据+小数据”精准把握当代大学生的美好生活需要,打造“专本硕博”贯通式与分层次相结合的美好生活观培育模式,建构引疏防“三位一体”校园网络生态管理体系,“软硬兼施”营造求真向善尚美的校园生活环境,构筑目标—课程—场域—队伍“四维协同”合力育人机制。更多还原

【Abstract】 The pursuit of a better life is the eternal theme of human generations.As socialism with Chinese characteristics enters a new era,the main contradictions in our society are transformed into the contradictions between the people’s growing need for a better life and the unbalanced and inadequate development.People’s need for a better life has been maximized,and more and more people begin to outline their own blueprint for a better life based on their own intuitive life experience.College students are in a critical period of life growth,and their ideas of a better life are rich and changeable.As the builders and successors of socialism,whether college students can have a correct outlook on a better life and whether they can link their personal dreams with the Chinese dream is not only related to the development prospects of their own better life,but also affects the historical process of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.However,from a realistic point of view,some college students have a vague or even wrong tendency to understand a better life,which urgently needs guidance and regulation.In addition,there are also many problems to be solved and clarified in the current theoretical research on the concept of a better life for college students in the new era.Based on this,this paper takes "the concept of a better life for college students in the new era and its cultivation" as the research object,adheres to the research method of combining theoretical analysis with empirical analysis,and follows the research ideas of "clarifying the theoretical premise-exploring the logic of generation-explaining the way it should be-investigating the characteristics of the current situation-putting forward the content and path of cultivation".This paper tries to explain the connotation and main structure of college students’ outlook on a better life,reveal the generation logic and essential characteristics of college students’ outlook on a better life in the new era,scientifically analyze the reality and deep-seated contradictions of contemporary college students’ outlook on better life,and then put forward the "reason" and "way" of cultivating college students’ outlook on a better life in the new era.In addition to the introduction and conclusion,the thesis is divided into six chapters.The first chapter is about the premise of college students’ outlook on a better life.It focuses on explaining the concept connotation,basic structure,main characteristics and value function of college students’ outlook on a better life.In the aspect of concept connotation,it focuses on the connotation of better life and college students’ view of better life,pointing out that better life is an ideal life form based on realistic survival and development conditions and the internal needs of the subject.College students’ outlook on a better life refers to the general and fundamental views on "what is a better life" and "how to achieve a better life" formed by college students as the main body in the long-term life process,which is the concentrated display of college students’ world outlook,outlook on life and values on the issue of a better life.In terms of the basic structure,it focuses on exploring the content system of the core layer and the extension layer of college students’ outlook on a better life.In the aspect of main characteristics,it points out that college students’ outlook on a better life has the characteristics of inheritance and development,convergence and difference,spontaneity and consciousness.In terms of the main functions,it focuses on both individual and social perspectives,pointing out that outlook on a better life of college students can not only build the foundation of life existence for individuals and promote the self-transcendence of their life realm,but also gather the value consensus of a better life and stimulate the youth power of national rejuvenation.The second chapter is about the generation logic of college students’ outlook on a better life in the new era.This paper focuses on explaining the basis,mechanism and process of the generation of outlook on a better life of college students in the new era.In terms of the generation basis,from the theoretical basis,cultural basis and realistic basis respectively,it emphasizes that outlook on a better life of college students in the new era should not only align with the value coordinates of Marxist concept of a better life,but also activate the cultural code of traditional Chinese thought of a better life,and be based on the objective reality of the transformation of the main social contradiction in the new era in China.In terms of the generation mechanism,it is pointed out that the new-age college students’ outlook on a better life is generated in the interaction between "individual" and "society",in the same frequency between "self" and "times",in the "Chinese characteristics" and "international comparison".In terms of the generation process,it focuses on explaining the generation process of college students’ better life outlook in the new era from the aspects of need recognition,value internalization,psychological integration and practice externalization.The third chapter is about the ideal state of college students’ outlook on a better life in the new era.It focuses on explaining the natural form and essential characteristics of college students’ outlook on a better life in the new era,including the value orientation,content orientation and practical direction of college students’ outlook on a better life in the new era.In the aspect of value orientation,it is pointed out that college students’ outlook on a better life in the new era should appeal to the unity of "truth,goodness and beauty",which not only conforms to the law and virtue,but also reflects the realm of freedom.In the aspect of content orientation,it is proposed that the concept of better life of college students in the new era should highlight the unity of integrity and high level,which is the dialectical integration of rich material life,harmonious ethical life and elegant spiritual life.In terms of practical orientation,it is pointed out that the new-age college students’ outlook of a better life should reflect the unity of macro and micro,based on the macro perspective of society,recognizing that balanced and full development is the basic prerequisite for realizing a better life,and the Chinese road is the necessary way to create a better life;at the same time,based on the micro level of individuals,it is clear that labor creation is the fundamental way to achieve a better life,and obeying the law is the bottom line requirement for pursuing a better life.The fourth chapter is about the realistic investigation of college students’ outlook on a better life in the new era.Emphasis is laid on the overall grasp of the reality of college students’ outlook on a better life in the new era through empirical research.This paper summarizes the mainstream patterns of college students’ outlook on a better life,including the inherent contradictions in their perception of a better life,the concentrated demands for "growth needs",and the high degree of recognition of "Chinese-style better life".In addition,this paper focuses on the analysis of the outstanding problems of college students’ outlook on a better life,including the pursuit of a better life of "de-targeting",the materialization dilemma of spiritual life,the evasion of responsibility and "avoidance of loftiness",and the "disconnection between knowledge and practice" in the outlook on a better life.On this basis,the paper deeply analyzes the causes of the problems,including the "conspiracy" of capital logic and consumption logic,the "attack" of modernism and postmodernism,the impact of economic globalization and network subculture,the alienation of ideological and political education from the life world,and the lack of individual value judgment and reflection spirit of college students.The fifth chapter is about the content construction of the cultivation of college students’ outlook on a better life in the new era.It focuses on answering the question of "what to do" in the cultivation of college students’ outlook on a better life in the new era.This paper expounds the construction principles of the cultivation content of college students’ outlook on a better life in the new era,including the guiding principle,the structural principle and the principle of solving doubts and explaining doubts.It is proposed that the dominant content of cultivating college students’ outlook on a better life in the new era should be optimized,including strengthening the education of ideals and beliefs,deepening the education of the Chinese Dream,carrying out the education of the concept of righteousness and benefit,strengthening the education on the spirit of struggle and promoting the education on the spirit of reflection.It points out that we should improve the expanding content of the cultivation of college students’ better life concept in the new era,including guiding college students to form independent learning concept,friendly communication concept,rational consumption concept,healthy leisure concept and noble career concept.The sixth chapter is about the path optimization of cultivating college students’ outlook on a better life in the new era.It focuses on answering the question of "how to do" to cultivate college students’ outlook on a better life in the new era.It is proposed that we should inherit the fine tradition of cultivating college students’ outlook on a better life,including adhering to the positive interaction between explicit education and implicit education,adhering to the innovation of educational carriers according to the times,and adhering to the exertion of the advantages of "big ideological and political" collaborative education.This paper points out that we should promote the innovation of the methods of cultivating college students’ outlook on a better life in the new era,including the reasoning education method oriented by "problems",the psychological counseling method centered on "narration",the typical model method guided by "examples",and the practical cultivation method focused on "experience".It emphasizes that we should grasp the key points of cultivating college students’ better life outlook in the new era,including relying on "big data +small data" to accurately grasp the needs of contemporary college students for a better life,creating a cultivation model of "specialist,undergraduate,master’s and doctor’s" concept of a better life that combines through and at different levels,and constructing a campus network ecological management system of "trinity" of guidance,dredging and prevention."Hard and soft" creates a good and beautiful campus living environment,and constructs a "four-dimensional synergy" education mechanism of goal-curriculum-field-team.更多还原