【作者】 王伟；

【导师】 Ronald Wennersten； 孙锲；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 动力工程及工程热物理， 2022， 博士

【摘要】 自2015年《巴黎协定》签订以来,全球已有多个国家设立了能源转型的目标。2016年,国家发展改革委和国家能源局提出了《能源发展“十三五”规划》,明确指出我国将深入推进能源革命,着力推动能源生产利用方式变革,建设清洁低碳、安全高效的现代能源体系。随着“碳达峰”和“碳中和”目标的宣布,大力发展可再生能源以推进产业结构和能源结构的升级已成为社会共识。将可再生能源与储能系统组合在一起是推进可再生能源发展的重要形式,在此背景下,高昂的储能成本变成了亟待解决的问题。本文以锂离子电池储能系统为研究对象,在可再生能源并网系统中对其特性进行了研究,并通过开发新的并网调度策略和热管理策略对其寿命成本进行了优化,在确保系统高效稳定工作的同时,提高了整个并网系统的经济性。本文的研究成果对提高可再生能源在能源系统中的利用率、促进可再生能源的大范围推广,进而推进能源转型有着重要意义。本文的主要研究内容有:(1)锂离子电池的热特性及老化特性研究。从理论上对锂离子电池的结构、工作原理、生热机理和传热特性进行了研究,建立了锂离子电池的传热模型。基于循环老化试验,研究了锂离子电池的老化机理及特性,提出了钴酸锂电池的多组分半经验寿命模型;研究了温度和放电速率对锂离子电池放电容量的影响以及温度和荷电状态对锂离子电池内阻的影响。(2)电池组的生热特性及热仿真研究。建立并通过实验验证了单体电池的热电耦合模型。以此为基础,构建了电池组的热电耦合模型,并以仿真的方式研究了电池组的热特性。通过仿真,对电池组的各种冷却方式进行了评估,并研究了空气冷却方式中空气温度和流速对电池组冷却效果的影响。(3)电池储能系统热管理策略的研究。对各种热管理系统进行了研究和评估,基于对电池充放电功率的预测和传热理论,提出了新的基于控制器的锂离子电池热管理策略。通过仿真,对提出的热管理策略及几种典型的策略进行了研究和评估,验证了新策略的优越性。(4)可再生能源并网调度策略及储能系统优化研究。针对可再生能源并网,提出了新的改进的最小—最大调度策略,同时实现了可再生能源与电网运营商的高效协作以及储能系统的高利用率。在可再生能源并网系统中,对电池储能系统的寿命及配置成本进行了优化。通过案例研究,验证了提出的新策略的可行性和优越性。(5)基于电池热管理的储能系统优化研究。在光伏—电池并网系统中,基于并网调度策略和电池热管理策略的联合运行,对储能系统进行了优化。通过案例研究,验证了本文提出的热管理系统对储能系统乃至光伏—电池并网系统在安全性和经济性方面的作用和价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the Paris Agreement in 2015 came into effect,many countries worldwide have set goals for their energy transition.In 2016,the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration put forward the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for Energy Development," which pointed out that our country will further promote the energy revolution,focus on promoting the transformation of energy production and utilization,and build a clean,low-carbon,safe,and efficient modern energy system.With the announcement of the "peak carbon dioxide emissions" and "carbon neutrality" goals in 2020,vigorously developing renewable energy to promote the upgrading of industrial structures and energy structures has become the consensus of society.Combining renewable energy with energy storage systems is necessary to promote renewable energy development.In this context,the high cost of energy storage has become an urgent problem to be solved.This thesis takes the lithium-ion battery energy storage system as the research object,studies its characteristics in the grid-connected renewable energy system,and optimizes its life cycle cost by developing new grid-connected dispatching strategies and thermal management strategies.Through research,this thesis improves the economy of the entire grid-connected system while ensuring the efficient and stable operation of the system.The research results of this thesis are of great significance for improving the utilization rate of renewable energy in the energy system,promoting the large-scale promotion of renewable energy,and further promoting energy transformation.The main research contents of this thesis are as follows:(1)Research on thermal characteristics and aging characteristics of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)The structure,working principle,heat generation mechanism,and heat transfer characteristics of LIB are theoretically studied,and the heat transfer model of LIB is established.Through experiments,the effects of temperature and discharge rate on the discharge capacity of LIBs and the effects of temperature and state of charge on the internal resistance of LIBs are investigated.Based on the aging test,the aging mechanism and characteristics of LIBs are studied,and a multi-component semi-empirical life model of lithium cobalt oxide batteries is proposed.(2)Research on heat generation characteristics and thermal simulation of battery packsThe thermoelectric coupling model of the single cell is established and verified experimentally.The thermoelectric coupling model of the battery pack is constructed,and the thermal characteristics of the battery pack are studied through simulation.Through simulation,various cooling methods of the battery pack are evaluated,and influences of the cooling air temperature and flow rate on the cooling effect of battery packs in the air-cooling method are studied.(3)Research on the thermal management strategy of battery energy storage systemsVarious thermal management systems are studied and evaluated,and a new controllerbased thermal management strategy for LIBs is proposed based on the prediction of battery charge/discharge power and heat transfer theory.Through simulation,the proposed thermal management strategy and several typical strategies are studied and evaluated to verify the superiority of the new strategy.(4)Research on grid-connected dispatching renewable energy strategy and optimizing energy storage systemsAn improved min-max dispatching strategy is proposed for the grid connection of renewable energy.The proposed dispatching strategy simultaneously achieves efficient collaboration between renewable energies and grid operators and high utilization of the energy storage system.In the grid-connected renewable energy system,the life and configuration cost of the battery energy storage system is optimized.The feasibility and superiority of the new strategy are verified through case studies.(5)Research on optimizing energy storage systems based on battery thermal managementThrough case studies,it is verified that introducing a thermal management system has a positive effect on the safety and economy of the energy storage system and even the photovoltaic-battery grid-connected system.In the photovoltaic-battery grid-connected system,the energy storage system is optimized based on the joint operation of the grid-connected dispatching strategy and the battery thermal management strategy.更多还原