【作者】 张勇志；

【导师】 贾宝山； 张春华；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁工程技术大学 ， 安全技术及工程， 2020， 博士

【摘要】 我国煤矿主要是井工矿,对于煤矿生产不论是矿井建设还是煤炭开采,矿井通风系统的准确、平稳、安全运行都是其关键所在。目前,测量工作繁重、实际运作成本高、反馈信息滞后、通风系统网络解算效率及精确度低等问题普遍存在于矿井通风作业中,矿井通风系统整体或局部的智能化和可控性困难,不能根据工作环境适时变化,风机长时间以额定功率运行不仅浪费能源,而且当瓦斯等有害气体超限时易局部积聚,增加事故发生的风险。因此,开展矿井通风自适应调控技术研究对于保障矿井安全生产、减少通风能耗、实现矿井通风自动控制都具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。本文以红庆梁煤矿通风系统自适应调控为研究背景,依据矿井通风理论和通风网络解算技术,借助局部智能通风系统对长距离掘进工作面风量进行智能调控,达到矿井按需自动控制风量的目的,同时在工作面回风巷道增设智能调节风窗,实现全矿井通风系统的自适应调控。通过对矿井智能通风基础理论包括风量平衡、风压平衡及通风阻力定律等进行研究,分析影响通风系统稳定性与可靠性的主要因素,并对通风系统稳定性与可靠性进行定性与定量分析。主要研究了回路风量法、节点风压法及INSA算法3种矿井通风网络解算算法的优缺点。通过在工作面回风巷道增设自适应调节风窗,对综采工作面风量进行调控,调节风窗面积,优化工作面的供风,实现了综采工作面通风自适应化调控功能。针对红庆梁煤矿长距离掘进通风技术要求以及工作面风量不能按需供应问题,确定了适合红庆梁煤矿长距离掘进巷道的通风技术,通过引入掘进面局部通风系统智能调控技术,使局部通风机可根据实际需要自动调控风量。系统利用PLC作为局部智能通风系统的核心控制元件,根据传感器实时回传数据,对通风机进行实时调控。采用基于自适应神经网络速度控制器的永磁同步电机调速系统,完成掘进工作面自动按需供风且使工作面工作环境得到保障、瓦斯事故发生率有所降低,同时风机风速通过智能调节,局部通风能耗有所减少。通过分析智能调节风窗系统的组成结构、工作原理,并结合红庆梁矿井巷道的特点等因素,选择最佳的风窗型号。然后提出了基于扩张观测器的永磁同步电机滑模自抗扰控制策略,分别设计了基于ESO的滑模速度控制器与自抗扰电流控制器,利用半实物仿真平台验证方法的有效性。通过对矿井通风自适应系统的硬件和软件框图两方面综合设计,实现了风窗实时智能调风控制。在对矿井自适应通风技术理论、通风网络解算技术及矿井通风参数测试等研究的基础上,将自适应通风技术应用于红庆梁矿。经过现场实测、数值模拟及理论综合分析后表明:矿井自适应通风系统的调节效果较好,风量、风阻调控效果误差小于5%,实现了矿井通风按照所需风量自适应控制,保障矿井安全生产,并有效减少通风能耗,从而达到节能减排的目的。该论文有图81幅,表30个,参考文献159篇。更多还原

【Abstract】 China’s coal mins are underground mines.Whether it is mine construction or coal mining,the accurate,stable and safe operation of mine ventilation system is the key for coal mine production.At present,the problems of heavy measurement work,high actual operation cost,feedback information lag,and low efficiency and accuracy of ventilation system network solution generally exist in mine ventilation operation.The intelligent and controllable of the whole or part of the ventilation system in the mine is difficult,which can’t change according to the working environment timely.The fan runs at rated power for a long time not only cause waste of energy,but also increases the risk of accidents while the local harmful gas accumulation exceeds the limit.Therefore,the research on adaptive control technology of mine ventilation has significant theoretical significance and application value for ensuring mine production safety,decreasing ventilation energy consumption and completing automatic control of mine air demand.Based on the research background of Hongqingliang coal mine ventilation system adaptive control,according to the mine ventilation theory and ventilation network calculation technology,this paper intelligently regulates the air volume of long-distance heading face with the help of local intelligent ventilation system,so as to achieve the purpose of automatic control of air volume on demand in the mine.At the same time,an intelligent regulating air window is added in the return air roadway of the working face to realize the adaptive regulation of the whole mine ventilation system.Through the study of the basic theory of mine intelligent ventilation including air volume balance,air pressure balance and ventilation resistance law,the main factors affecting the stability and reliability of ventilation system are analyzed,and qualitative and quantitative analysis on the stability and reliability of ventilation system are analyzed.This paper mainly studies the advantages and disadvantages of three mine ventilation network algorithms: loop air volume method,node air pressure method and INSA algorithm.At the same time,through adding self-adaptive air window in the return air roadway of the working face,the air volume of the fully mechanized top coal caving face is regulated,the area of the air window is adjusted,and the air supply of the working face is optimized,so as to realize the adaptive regulation function of ventilation in the fully mechanized top coal caving face.Aiming at the ventilation technical requirements of long-distance driving in Hongqingliang coal mine and the problem that the air volume of working face can not be supplied on demand,the ventilation technology suitable for long-distance driving roadway in Hongqingliang coal mine is determined.With the introduction of the intelligent control technology of local ventilation system in tunneling face,the local ventilator can adjust the air volume automatically according to the actual needs.The system uses PLC as the core control element of the local intelligent ventilation system to regulate the ventilator in real time according to the real-time data returned by the sensor.The ventilator network adopts the permanent magnet synchronous motor speed regulation system based on adaptive neural network speed controller,which can complete the automatic on-demand air supply of the heading face,ensure the working environment of the face,reduce the incidence of gas accidents,and reduce the local ventilation energy consumption through intelligent adjustment of fan wind speed.After analyzing the composition structure and working principle of the intelligent regulating wind window system,and combining with the characteristics of hongqingliang mine roadway and other factors,the optimal model of the wind window was selected.After reasonable installation,the sliding mode active disturbance rejection control strategy of permanent magnet synchronous motor based on extended observer was adopted.Under the basic framework of the permanent magnet synchronous motor vector control system,the controller is designed as sliding mode speed controller and active disturbance rejection current controller based on ESO,and combined with the hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform and experimental results,the validity and rationality of the viewpoints in this paper are verified.The system can realize the real-time intelligent air regulation control of air window,and comprehensively design the mine ventilation adaptive system from two aspects of hardware and software.Based on the research on the theory of mine adaptive ventilation technology,ventilation network solution technology and mine ventilation parameter test,the adaptive ventilation technology is applied to hongqingliang mine.The application of adaptive ventilation technology in hongqingliang mine shows that the error of air volume and air resistance control is less than5% through field measurement,numerical simulation and theoretical analysis.It realizes the self-adaptive control of mine ventilation according to the required air volume,ensures mine safety production,and effectively reduces ventilation energy consumption,so as to achieve the purpose of energy conservation and emission reduction.There are 81 pictures,30 tables,and 159 references in the dissertation.更多还原