【作者】 李强；

【导师】 王继仁；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁工程技术大学 ， 采矿工程， 2019， 博士

【摘要】 双鸭山矿业有限公司新安矿是煤与瓦斯突出、冲击地压矿井,地质条件复杂,受动力灾害影响比较严重。近年来,随开采深度增加,开采环境越来越复杂,且伴随开采强度增大,动力灾害日趋严重,新安矿动力灾害治理工作虽已取得较大成果,但仍不能完全避免事故的发生;且多年来由于对动力灾害的定性不够清楚,导致采取的防控措施缺乏针对性,影响了动力灾害防控的精准性和经济性。基于此,论文从能量角度分析动力灾害发生机理,在此基础上划分动力灾害属性,进而构建新安矿动力灾害分类防控体系,以提高动力灾害防控措施的针对性和有效性。论文以八采区8煤层为研究背景,综合应用实验室试验、理论分析、数值模拟和现场测试方法开展研究。研究发现,新安矿处于构造凹地的拐点,反差强度值0.57,属于动力灾害程度较严重区域,且受开采深度、断层、褶曲、火成岩侵入、瓦斯、矿压等情况的影响,故煤层开采环境更为复杂;采用套孔应力解除法进行地应力测量,最大水平主应力值与自重应力比值平均值为2.46,表明地应力场是以水平构造应力为主导的;8煤层具有弱冲击倾向性,褶曲轴部20m范围内煤岩瓦斯参数变化较大;针对复杂地质构造,运用数值模拟手段得褶曲翼角度数超过15°、正断层落差超过5m时,发生动力灾害的危险性显著增加;针对火成岩侵入问题,建立火成岩顶板剪切梁模型,提出火成岩顶板过渡厚度、过渡剪切模量和过渡抗剪强度这三项指标判定动力灾害是否发生以及发生类型;建立诱发煤矿动力灾害的顶板、煤体和瓦斯多源能量的统一能量方程,根据各个因素参与程度的不同,重新划分为动力灾害属性三类六种,并提出不同类型种类的判别依据,结合新安矿具体实际情况,构建新安矿动力灾害分类防控体系;对工作面动力灾害危险性及危险区域进行分析,针对固体能量诱发型,从坚硬岩层层位、顶板岩层结构角度评价顶板断裂型危险性,采用可能性指数法评价煤体高应力型动力灾害,从开采因素、覆岩移动规律角度进行危险区域划分;依据新安矿动力灾害分类防控体系,针对8101工作面四个危险区域动力灾害发生的诱因不同,选择断顶爆破、煤层大直径钻孔卸压、断底爆破、瓦斯抽采技术;实现了工作面安全生产,取得了良好的社会和经济效益。研究成果对进一步提升新安矿动力灾害防治技术水平,为建设安全高效矿井提供理论指导,为其它类似条件矿井的动力灾害防治提供借鉴。论文有图66幅,表31个,参考文献133篇。更多还原

【Abstract】 Xin’an Mine of Shuangyashan Mining Co.Ltd.is a coal and gas outburst,impact ground pressure mine,complex geological conditions,severely affected by power disasters.In recent years,with the increase of mining depth,the mining environment has become more and more complex,and with the increase of mining intensity,the power disaster has become increasingly serious.Although the Xin’an mine power disaster management work has achieved great results,it still cannot completely avoid the accident.Over the years,due to the lack of clarity on the definition of power disasters,the prevention and control measures adopted have been lack of pertinence,which has affected the accuracy and economy of the prevention and control of power disasters.Based on this,the paper analyzes the mechanism of coal mine dynamic disasters from the perspective of energy,and then divides the dynamic disaster attributes,and then constructs the Xin’an mine dynamic disaster classification prevention and control system to improve the pertinence and effectiveness of coal mine power disaster prevention and control measures.The paper takes 8 coal seams in the 8th mining area as the research background,and comprehensively applies laboratory experiments,theoretical analysis,numerical simulation and field test methods to carry out research.The study found:Xin’an Mine is at the inflection point of tectonic depression,with a contrast strength value of 0.57,which is a region with a serious degree of dynamic disaster.Due to the depth of mining,faults,folds,igneous rock intrusion,gas,mine pressure,etc.,the coal mining environment is more complicated.The ground stress measurement is carried out by the socket hole stress relief method.The average value of the maximum horizontal principal stress value and the self-heavy stress ratio is 2.46,indicating that the geostress field is dominated by horizontal tectonic stress.8 coal seams have a weak impact tendency,and the coalrock parameters of the pleated crankshaft vary greatly within 20m.For the complex geological structure,the numerical simulation method is used to obtain the risk of dynamic disasters when the angle of the pleated wing exceeds 15° and the deviation of the normal fault exceeds 5 m.Aiming at the problem of igneous rock intrusion,the model of igneous rock roof shear beam is established,and the three indexes of transitional thickness,transitional shear modulus and transient shear strength of igneous rock roof are proposed to determine whether the occurrence of dynamic disasters and the type of occurrence.Establish a unified energy equation for the roof,coal and gas multi-source energy that induces coal mine power disasters.According to the different levels of participation of various factors,it is reclassified into six categories of dynamic disaster attributes,and the basis for distinguishing different types of types is proposed.Combined with the actual situation of Xin’an Mine,the Xin’an Mine Dynamic Disaster Classification Prevention and Control System was constructed.The risk of dangerous disasters and dangerous areas on the working face are analyzed.For the solid energy induced type,the risk of roof fracture is evaluated from the perspective of hard rock stratum and roof rock stratum structure.The possibility index method is used to evaluate the high stress type dynamic hazard of coal.Dangerous area division by mining factors and the law of overburden movement.According to the Xin’an Mine Dynamic Disaster Classification Prevention and Control System,the incentives for the occurrence of dynamic disasters in the four dangerous areas of the 8101 working face are different.The selection of top blasting,large-diameter drilling pressure of coal seam,bottom blasting and gas drainage technology are selected.The safety production of the working face has been achieved and good social and economic benefits have been achieved.The research results will further improve the technical level of Xin’an mine power disaster prevention and control,provide theoretical guidance for the construction of safe and efficient mines,and provide reference for the prevention and control of power disasters in other similar conditions.The dissertation has 66 figures,31 tables,and 133 references.更多还原