【作者】 孙辉；

【导师】 陈立新；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 马克思主义哲学， 2020， 博士

【摘要】 马克思的历史道路理论,为探讨中国道路与人类文明进步之间的关系提供了坚实的理论基础。中国道路发展的历史特殊性,特别是其传统的民族精神和新民主主义—社会主义的发展定向,决定了中国道路是一条在本质上区别于西方现代化的发展道路。这种区别的本质方面在于,中国道路坚持以劳动原则和以人民为中心作为自身发展的指导原则,从而标识出一种人类文明发展的新类型。只有站在这样的立场上,我们才能更为深切地合理把握中国特色社会主义道路以及中华民族伟大复兴的世界历史意义。唯物辩证法按照事物的真实面目及其产生情况来考察事物,这是准确理解马克思历史道路理论及其具体化倾向的哲学前提。马克思不仅充分吸收了发端于维柯、由黑格尔完整阐发并形成完善形态的历史原则,而且通过深入既定社会现实的思想变革而推进了历史原则,无可辩驳地为历史原则配置了具体化取向与诉求的理论内涵。以唯物辩证法为基础,马克思历史道路理论的主体内容可以从发展道路的具体性、发展动力的系统性和发展趋势的现实性三个方面加以论述。发展道路的具体性强调以劳动为主线理解和运用马克思历史道路理论以及历史必然性的辩证意义;发展动力的系统性在坚持社会基本矛盾推动社会发展的基础性地位的同时,探讨多重因素在既定社会发展中的具体作用;发展趋势的现实性强调共产主义是基于现有前提的现实运动,又代表着一种有别于现代资本主义文明的新文明类型。劳动原则在新文明类型中表现为一种超越资本原则的社会组织原则,在社会共同体、所有制发展等领域发挥着愈来愈关键的作用。从展现个人本质力量的劳动、充当个人自由前提的共同体、彰明劳动原则的发展观三重维度来探讨以劳动为原则的新文明形态,新时代中国特色社会主义实践蕴涵的新文明形态的历史性担当,可以获致更为切近的揭示。更多还原

【Abstract】 Marx’s theory of historical road provides a solid theoretical foundation for discussing the relationship between Chinese road and human civilization.The historical particularity of China’s development road,especially its traditional national spirit and the orientation of new democratic-socialist development,determines that China’s road is essentially different from that of western modernization.The essential aspect of this distinction is that the Chinese road adheres to the principle of labor and people-centered development as the guiding principles,thus identifying a new type of development of human civilization.Only by standing in this position can we more profoundly and rationally grasp the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the world historic significance of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.Materialist dialectics examines things according to their true nature and their emergence,which is the philosophical premise for accurately understanding Marx’s historical road theory and its materialization tendency.Marx not only fully absorbed the historical principles originated from Vico and fully expounded by Hegel and formed a perfect form,but also advanced the historical principles by deepening the ideological changes of the established social reality,and irrefutably configured the theoretical connotation of specific orientation and appeal for the historical principles.On the basis of materialist dialectics,the main content of Marx’s historical road theory can be discussed from three aspects: the concreteness of the development road,the systematicness of the development motive force and the reality of the development trend.The concreteness of the development road emphasizes the dialectical significance of understanding and applying Marx’s historical road theory and historical necessity with labor as the main line.While insisting on the basic status of basic social contradictions to promote social development,the systematicness of development motive force explores the specific role of multiple factors in the given social development.The actuality of the development trend emphasizes that communism is a realistic movement based on the existing premise and represents a new civilization type different from the modern capitalist civilization.In the new civilization,the labor principle is a social organization principle that surpasses the capital principle and plays an increasingly critical role in the social community and the development of ownership.This paper discusses the new civilization form with labor as the principle from the three dimensions of labor showing the essential power of individuals,the community acting as the premise of individual freedom,and the concept of development of labor principle,and reveals the historical responsibility of the new civilization form contained in the practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.更多还原