【作者】 张磊；

【导师】 张建坤； 袁竞峰；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2021， 博士

【摘要】 BIM技术在推动建筑行业数字转型方面具有重要的意义。为了推动BIM技术在我国的应用,各级政府部门分别从行业发展和技术落地两个层面着手,制定了相应的BIM政策、制度和标准,给BIM技术在设施管理过程中的应用创建了政策环境。同时,BIM技术在信息集成、信息共享和协同环境创建等方面的作用,不仅能够满足设施管理组织和个人对各类信息和数据的查询诉求,而且能够帮助设施管理组织和个人加强设施管理过程的自动化和智能化程度。此外,为了推动BIM技术在设施管理中的应用,设施管理组织从技术实施和组织配套两个方面着手,对BIM应用的方案、制度、组织架构和组织实践等内容进行了深化。但是,这些方法并没有从个体感知层面对设施管理的构成要素和组织协同的模式进行重塑,使得BIM在设施管理过程中的价值没有被充分挖掘。因此,本研究以BIM技术应用为前提,以设施管理组织协同为中间结果,以塑造价值提升导向的BIM组织环境的为最终目标,从BIM环境下设施管理组织协同的作用机制、BIM环境下的价值提升表征及形成机制、BIM环境下设施管理组织协同及价值提升基础策略的效果检验和基础策略的优化四个方面着手,分析并验证BIM环境下设施管理组织协同及价值提升的策略及优化措施,从而推动个体层面对BIM技术所能带来的价值提升的理解,进而减少设施管理者对BIM的抵制,最终加快BIM技术在设施管理过程中的采纳。(1)剖析BIM环境下设施管理组织协同及价值提升的内涵。从设施管理、BIM环境、BIM环境下的设施管理、BIM环境下的组织协同和BIM环境下的价值提升五个方面着手,结合文献分析法和案例分析法,对BIM环境下设施管理组织协同及价值提升的内涵进行深入探讨,并提出其理论框架;同时,将价值提升导向的BIM环境、BIM环境下设施管理和BIM环境下组织协同三个构念作为BIM环境下设施管理组织协同及价值提升的组成要素。(2)分析并验证BIM环境下设施管理组织协同的作用机制。以BIM环境下设施管理和BIM环境下组织协同的概念为基础,结合文献分析法和相关理论,对BIM环境下设施管理组织协同的测量体系和作用机制进行了验证。一是以BIM环境下的设施管理的构成要素为基础,从BIM环境下设施管理组织的信息共享、BIM环境下设施管理组织的变革和BIM环境下设施管理流程的运行能力三个方面着手,提出并验证了BIM环境下设施管理的指标体系;二是资源依赖理论,分析BIM环境下设施管理的内在作用机理。三是从资源视角、制度理论视角和边界对象视角出发,对BIM环境下组织协同和其关键影响因素的测量指标进行梳理,并验证其可靠性和有效性。四是结合情境学习理论,分析BIM环境下组织协同的内在作用机理。(3)分析并验证了BIM环境下的价值提升表征及形成机制。以BIM环境下的价值提升的概念为基础,结合文献分析法和相关理论,对BIM环境下的价值提升的表征体系和形成机制进行了分析和验证;并以此为基础,提出了BIM环境下设施管理组织协同及价值提升的基础策略。一是以BIM环境下的价值提升的基本概念为基础,结合社会技术系统理论,梳理了BIM环境下的价值提升的构成要素;并分析了价值提升导向的BIM环境对BIM环境下的价值提升的表征作用。二是以价值提升导向的BIM环境的概念为基础,结合竞争值分析方法,提出并验证了价值提升导向的BIM环境的12个维度,以及与维度相对应的39个指标。三是结合领导绩效—维护理论,分析设施管理组织协同与价值提升导向的BIM环境的作用机制,并提出相应的基础策略。(4)分析并检验BIM环境下设施管理组织协同及价值提升基础策略的效果。以(2)和(3)中的作用机制为基础,结合MAB和SD方法,在Anylogic软件中,构建BIM环境下设施管理组织协同及价值提升的MAB-SD仿真模型;并结合调研数据,对BIM环境下设施管理组织协同及价值提升七条基础策略的效果进行了计算。最终筛选出六条效果较为明显的基础策略。(5)分析并验证BIM环境下设施管理组织协同及价值提升基础策略的优化措施。以BIM环境下设施管理组织协同及价值提升的动态仿真模型为基础,结合优化方案设计、优化措施分析和验证、以及优化措施对比,提出BIM环境下设施管理组织协同及价值提升基础策略的优化措施,并对其优先级和应用情境进行了分析。本研究以BIM环境下设施管理组织协同及价值提升的框架为理论基础,通过分析BIM环境下设施管理组织协同的作用机制和BIM环境下的价值提升的表征及形成机制,提出BIM环境下设施管理组织协同及价值提升的基础策略;并结合计算实验分析方法,对提出的基础策略的效果和优化措施进行分析和检验。本研究以加强设施管理者对BIM环境下的价值提升的感知为出发点,在综合考虑BIM环境下设施管理组织的信息共享、BIM环境下设施管理组织的变革、流程优化、组织能力、组织认知和组织行为的基础上,提出了BIM与设施管理组合情境中的相关策略和优化措施,具有重要的理论和实践意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 BIM can make great contributions to promoting the digital transformation of the construction industry.In order to facilitate BIM implementation in China,government departments at all levels have designed BIM policies,regulations and standards to create a policy environment for BIM implementation in facility management.Meanwhile,because of the advantages in information integration,information sharing,and collaborative environment creation,BIM can not only meet organizational or individual information requirements in facility management organizations but also help organizations and individuals to enhance the degree of automation and intelligence of the facility management process.Furthermore,in order to enhance BIM implementation in facility management,organizations involved in facility management focus on technology implementation and organization supporting,which will facilitate BIM planning,BIM policies,organizational structure,and organizational practices,etc.However,these strategies do not reshape the components of facility management and the organizational collaborative model from the individual perception,which discount the value of BIM in the facility management.Therefore,this study takes BIM implementation as the premise,takes the organizational collaboration in facility management as the intermediate result,and takes the value-added-oriented BIM climate as the final goal,and proposes corresponding value-added strategies and optimized measures from four aspects: analyzing mechanisms of facility management and organizational collaboration in BIM climate,establishing the measurement system and mechanism of BIM value-added,testing effects of the BIM value-added strategies,and optimizing BIM value-added strategies.This study will enhance understanding of BIM value-added at the individual level,reduce the resistance of BIM acceptance,and accelerate the BIM adoption in the facility management.(1)The concept of organizational collaboration and value added for facility management in BIM climate have been analyzed.According to literature and case study,the concept of organizational collaboration and value added for facility management in BIM climate and its theoretical framework are analyzed through facility management,BIM climate,facility management in BIM climate,organizational collaboration in BIM climate,and value added in BIM climate.Meanwhile,three constructs,namely value-added-oriented BIM climate,facility management in BIM climate,and organizational collaboration in BIM climate,are treated as the elements of the organizational collaboration and value added for facility management in BIM climate.(2)Mechanisms of facility management and organizational collaboration in BIM climate have been analyzed and validated.Based on the concepts of facility management in BIM climate and organizational collaboration in BIM climate,the measurement system of facility management and organizational collaboration in BIM climate have been tested.First,according to the elements of facility management in BIM climate,the indicator list of facility management in BIM climate has been proposed through information sharing,organization change,and process operation capability.Second,in terms of the resource dependence theory,the mechanism of facility management in BIM climate is analyzed.Third,in line with resource views,institutional theory,and boundary objective,critical factors and indicators of organizational collaboration in BIM climate have been identified and validated.Fourth,in the light of situated learning theory,the mechanism of organizational collaboration in BIM climate are analyzed.(3)The measurement system and mechanism of BIM value added have been explored.Based on the concept of BIM value added,the measurement system and mechanism of BIM value-added are analyzed and tested.On this basis,basic strategies of organizational collaboration and value added for facility management in BIM climate have been proposed.First,by using socio-technical systems approach,elements of BIM value added have been described,and the relations between value-added-oriented BIM climate and BIM value added are also clarified.Second,employing the competing value approach,12 dimensions and 39 indicators of a value-added-oriented BIM climate are proposed and tested.Third,according to leadership performance-maintenance theory,the mechanism that facility management and organizational collaboration acts on the value-added-oriented BIM climate is analyzed and tested,and basic strategies are proposed correspondingly.(4)Effects of the basic strategies are analyzed and calculated.On the basis of the mechanisms in(2)and(3),the MAB-SD simulation model of organizational collaboration and value added for facility management in BIM climate are established in Anylogic,and the effects of the basic strategies are calculated.Finally,six strategies are which have the obviously impacts on transformation of BIM value added states are selected.(5)Optimized measures of the selected six strategies are analyzed and tested.Based on the dynamic simulation model of organizational collaboration and value added for facility management in BIM climate,optimized measures and their application scenarios are analyzed and tested through optimized scheme designing,optimized measures analyzing and verifying,and optimized measures comparing.This study treats the framework to improve organizational collaboration and value added for facility management in BIM climate as theoretical foundation,and proposes strategies to improve organizational collaboration and value added for facility management in BIM climate through the mechanism of facility management and organizational collaboration in BIM climate and the mechanism that facility management and organizational collaboration acts on the value-added-oriented BIM climate.Furthermore,by employing MAB-SD simulation model,the optimized measures and the application scenarios are also proposed.Taking information sharing,organization change,process optimization,organizational capability,organizational cognition and organizational behavior into consideration,this study proposes the relevant strategies and optimized measures in the context of BIM and facility management through the perspective to enhance facility users’ perceptions of BIM value added,which has important theoretical and practical significance.更多还原