【作者】 苏静；

【导师】 刘克成；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 建筑学， 2021， 博士

【摘要】 关陇先秦时期秦文化遗址在中华文明史中占据重要一页。地处西北偏僻之隅的秦人,不断奋斗东进而逐步统一中国,开启了一个伟大国家的新纪元。近几十年来在中国考古学家的努力下,关陇先秦时期秦文化遗址不断发现,特别是“中华文明探源工程”让先秦时期秦文化遗址考古呈现出序列化、体系化的成果。然而由于各种原因,当前关陇先秦时期秦文化遗址的保护展示依然处于分散化各自为政的局面,严重影响其遗产价值的释放。本文以关陇先秦时期秦文化遗址为研究对象,以其整体性保护与展示方法为研究重点。通过对比类似的文化遗产概念,分析关陇先秦时期秦文化遗址的集群特征,将其称为“关陇先秦时期秦文化遗址体系”,并基于其历史、考古研究的系列成果,运用文化遗产“关联性”概念,揭示其集群空间格局与整体关联机制。其次,在历史、艺术、科学、文化、社会价值维度,凝炼其整体价值内涵,并以此架构其价值体系。再次,针对其单点、分散的保护展示现状,运用整体系统的研究方法,基于其整体关联性和整体价值研究,在阐释整体价值目标下,初步建构其保护和展示体系。本文研究主要取得了如下结论,首先揭示出关陇先秦时期秦文化遗址体系的“遗址点-遗址片区-遗址整体”层级构成及其“功能性关联”、“文化性关联”和“历史性关联”机制。其次,凝炼出其“见证统一国家创立过程”、“形成古代国家发展完整实物链”、“反映多元一体格局形成”、“构建中华文明标识秦文化核心”四项整体价值内涵。再次,初步建构了以“建立遗址体系信息库和管理平台”、“构建保护规划体系”为保护程序,遗址体系的“价值体系认知方法”、“完整性认知及评估方法”、“保护区划划定方法”为保护方法,“遗址点纳入制度”、“保护总体规划制度”、“联合管理制度”等为保护制度,并以“精准补充、注重关联和勘察环景”考古研究建议、“国-省-市/县”分级保护、“特区-分区-园区”分类保护、整体立法保护为保护建议的整体性保护体系。最后,建构了以“制度之始”、“国家之成”、“民族之基”为阐释主题,以“点-面-线”多层主题叙事结构为阐释框架,并以“建立阐释与展示总体规划制度、统一视觉识别系统、融媒体平台”为整体连贯强化措施的整体性展示体系。本文研究的创新体现在运用整体系统研究方法,揭示了关陇先秦时期秦文化遗址体系的整体关联机制。针对关陇先秦时期秦文化遗址单点、分散的保护展示现状,建立了其整体保护策略集成框架,构建了其多层级主题叙事型阐释框架,实现了秦崛起及统一历史进程的完整阐释。同时,论文所提出的研究方法不仅可以用于关陇先秦时期秦文化遗址,也可以应用于其他文化遗址类型及地区,以期我国文化遗产保护与展示从碎片化、分散化状态,走向整体化、系统化的成熟阶段。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Qin cultural sites in the pre-Qin period in Guanlong occupy an important page in the history of Chinese civilization.The Qin people,located in a remote corner of the northwest,constantly struggled to unify China and opened a new era of a great country.In recent decades,with the efforts of Chinese archaeologists,Qin cultural sites in the pre-Qin period in Guanlong have been continuously discovered,and in particular the “Project of Exploring the Origin of Chinese Civilization” has made the archaeology of Qin cultural sites in the pre-Qin period present serialized and systematic results.However,due to various reasons,the conservation and presentation of the Qin cultural sites in the pre-Qin period in Guanlong are still in a decentralized situation,which seriously affects the release of the heritage value.This paper takes the Qin cultural sites in the pre-Qin period in Guanlong as the research object and focuses on its overall conservation and presentation methods.By comparing the similar cultural heritage concepts,this paper analyzes cluster characteristics of Qin cultural sites in the pre-Qin period in Guanlong,calling it “Qin culture site system in the pre-Qin period in Guanlong”,and based on the series research results of its history and archaeology,using the cultural heritage “association”concept,reveals the cluster spatial patterns and holistic associated mechanism.Secondly,in the Historic,Aesthetic,Scientific,Cultural and Social value dimensions,the overall value connotation is condensed and its value system constructed accordingly.Thirdly,in view of the isolated and scattered conservation and presentation status quo,based on its holistic association and overall value research and under the goal to interpret the overall value,its conservation and presentation system have been preliminarily constructed with the holistic and systematic research method.The main conclusions of this study are as follows.Firstly,this paper reveals the hierarchical structure of the site point,the site area and the whole sites of the Qin cultural site system in the pre-Qin period in Guanlong and their mechanism of the“functional association”,“cultural association” and “historical association”.Secondly,it summarizes the four overall value connotations: “witnessing the founding process of a unified country”,“forming a complete physical chain for the development of ancient Chinese states”,“reflecting the pattern formation of the pluralistic integration”,and “constructing the core of Qin culture of Chinese civilization identification system”.Again,the study preliminarily establishes a holistic conservation system with“building heritage site system database and management platform”,“establishing conservation planning system” as the conservation program;“cognitive methods of value system”,“integrity cognition and evaluation method”,“protective regionalization method” of site system as the conservation methods;“regulation for single site point into the system”,“regulation for conservation master planning”,“regulation for joint management” as the conservation regulations,and supplemented by archaeological research suggestions of “precise complement,attention to association and setting survey”,the graded conservation suggestions of“country-province-city/county”,the classified conversation suggestions of “the special zones,areas and parks” and the integral legislation suggestions.Finally,the study constructs a multi-level narrative interpretation framework according to the“point-line-plane” and with “the beginning of the legislation","the foundation of the state","the base of the nation" as the theme and the wholeness and coherence reinforcement measures such as “establishing the interpretation and presentation master planning regulation,unifying visual identity system and media platform”.The innovations of this study are embodied in the use of the holistic and systematic research method to reveal the holistic associated mechanism of the Qin cultural site system in the pre-Qin period in Guanlong.In view of the isolated and scattered conservation and presentation status of the Qin cultural sites in pre-Qin period in Guanlong,an integrated framework of the holistic and overall conservation strategy is established,and a multi-level thematic narrative interpretation framework constructed,which has realized an overall interpretation of the historical process from the Qin’s rise to the national unification.At the same time,the research methods proposed in this paper can not only be applied to the Qin cultural sites in the pre-Qin period in Guanlong,but also to other types and regions of cultural sites and it is hoped to be beneficial to China’s cultural heritage conservation and presentation to develop from the fragmented and decentralized state to the mature stage of integration and systematization.更多还原