【作者】 肖凤；

【导师】 全力；

【作者基本信息】 江苏大学 ， 电气工程， 2020， 博士

【摘要】 随着社会经济快速发展和城镇化建设进程持续推进,我国高层、超高层建筑物的数量与日俱增,高度不断刷新,作为现代化城市生活中不可缺少的交通运输装备,电梯及相关产业得到了快速发展。随着建筑物规模的不断增加,传统曳引电梯的缺点正日益凸显,给减少候梯时间、改善电梯运行质量带来了巨大挑战。通过将直线电机的定子和动子分别安装于井道和轿厢,构成直线电机直驱式无绳电梯,具有理论提升高度不受限、便于实现一井多梯、运行效率高、稳定性好和容错能力强等优势,是应对曳引电梯固有缺陷的有效解决方案。初级永磁型直线电机电枢绕组和永磁体均位于电机初级,而次级则仅为廉价的铁心结构,当将该类电机设计为短初级、长次级形式并应用于无绳电梯系统时,不仅具有直线永磁电机高效、高功率密度特点,而且兼具了直线感应电机、直线开关磁阻电机次级结构简单、造价低的优势,在电梯领域具有十分广阔的潜在应用前景。为此,本课题提出一种初级错位双边直线磁通切换永磁(Primary staggered double-sided linear flux-switching permanent magnet,PSDS-LFSPM)电机,并围绕该电机的拓扑结构、运行原理、参数设计、性能分析和驱动控制等方面开展研究。论文的研究成果主要包括以下方面:1.为满足直线电机直驱式无绳电梯对有效载荷比、推力脉动和容错性能等方面的苛刻要求,提出一种PSDS-LFSPM电机。基于电机气隙磁场调制统一理论,提出了两种绕组形式。通过对具有不同极槽配比、不同绕组形式和不同纵向端部附加齿结构的电机性能比较,确定了PSDS-LFSPM电机拓扑结构。2.构建了PSDS-LFSPM电机磁动势和磁导模型,解析计算了电机气隙内励磁磁场磁感应强度、空载磁链和空载电势等参数,进而得到电机的功率尺寸方程,为该类电机的设计提供理论基础。3.为提高驱动系统有效载荷比,详细研究与分析关键尺寸参数对PSDS-LFSPM电机输出性能的影响。特别提出对初级厚度与电机总厚度之比这一关键参数进行设计,并在综合考虑载荷比、推力脉动和永磁体利用率等因素的基础上,最终得到了样机的设计参数,为样机试制和实验研究奠定基础。4.为验证本文提出的PSDS-LFSPM电机的性能优势,基于有限元方法对其基本电磁性能进行了计算与分析,并将其与一台采用相同设计方法得到的传统双边C型铁心直线磁通切换永磁电机进行比较,进一步证明了PSDS-LFSPM电机具有更高的载荷比、更低的推力脉动和更高的永磁体利用率。5.根据PSDS-LFSPM电机特殊的双边结构和电梯领域对电机系统的高可靠性要求,提出PSDS-LFSPM电机双三相运行方式,推导了相应的数学模型。其次,对缺相运行时的容错控制原理进行了介绍,对PSDS-LFSPM电机缺一相容错运行控制策略进行了详细推导和仿真验证。6.试制了PSDS-LFSPM电机样机,构建了相应的测试平台。对样机进行了必要的实验测试,包括空载感应电势、电感、静态推力和不同工况下的动态特性等,验证了电机设计的合理性和理论分析的正确性。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid growth of economy and the continuous development of urbanization construction process,the number of high-rise and super high-rise buildings in China is increasing,and the height is constantly refreshing.As necessary transportation equipment in modern city life,elevators and the related industries have developed rapidly.With the continuous increase of building scale,the disadvantages of traditional traction elevator are becoming more and more prominent,which bring great challenges for reducing waiting time and improving elevator operation quality.By installing the stator and the mover of a linear motor in the hoist way and on the car respectively,ropeless elevators can be obtained,which have the advantages of theoretical unlimited lift height,easy to realize multiple cars in one hoist way,high operating efficiency,good stability and strong fault-tolerant capability.So the ropeless elevator drive by linear motors is an effective solution to the inherent defects of traction elevators.In primary permanent magnet(PM)linear motors,the armature winding and the PMs are located on the primary side,and secondary side is only composed of cheap iron core.When the short primary side and long secondary side structure is adopted for ropeless elevators,the system can not only inherit the characteristics of high efficiency and high power density from linear PM motors,but also possess the advantages of simple structure and low cost of both linear induction motors and linear switched reluctance motors.So this kind of motor has very wide potential application prospects in the field of elevator.Thus,a primary staggered double-sided linear flux-switching permanent magnet(PSDS-LFSPM)is proposed in this thesis.Based on the presentation of motor topology,the operating principle is explained and the design method is discussed.By using finite element method(FEM),the dimension parameters are determined and the electromagnetic performances are calculated and analyzed.Also the drive control strategy is discussed.The main research content of this thesis can be summarized as follows:1.In order to satisfy the demands of high payload ratio,low thrust force ripple and high fault-tolerant capability,a novel PSDS-LFSPM motor is proposed.Two kinds of winding configurations are proposed for the proposed motor based on the general airgap magnetic field modulation theory.By comparing the performances of the motor with the different pole combinations,the different winding configurations and the different end additional teeth,the topology of the PSDS-LFSPM motor is determined.2.The mathematics models of magnetomotive force and magnetic permeance are established,based on which the PM flux density in airgap,the PM flux linkage,and the no-load EMF can be analytical calculated.Thus the power equation of the proposed PSDS-LFSPM motor based on the dimensions can be obtained for the initial motor design.3.In order to improve the payload ratio of the motor,the influence of key size parameters of PSDS-LFSPM motor on performances is analyzed in detail by FEM.The motor performance variation with the thickness ratio of the primary side to the total motor is investigated.Then the design parameters of the prototype are obtained based on the comprehensive consideration of the load ratio,the thrust ripple and the PM utilization ratio.4.To illustrate the advantages of proposed PSDS-LFSPM motor,the basic electromagnetic performances are calculated and analyzed by FEM,and compared with a conventional double-sided C-core linear flux-switching PM motor,which is designed by using the same mothed,thus further proving that the PSDS-LFSPM motor possesses the advantages of higher load ratio,lower thrust ripple and higher PM utilization ratio.5.According to the special double-sided structure and the high reliability requirement for the motor system in elevator field,the dual three-phase operation mode of PSDS-LFSPM motor is proposed and the corresponding mathematical model is derived.Then,the fault-tolerant control principle is introduced,and the fault-tolerant control strategy of PSDS-LFSPM motor is deduced and verified by simulation.6.The PSDS-LFSPM motor is prototyped and the corresponding test platform is built.Then experimental tests are carried out,including no-load induced electromotive force,inductance,static thrust and dynamic characteristics under different working conditions.Based on the experimental results,the correctness and validity of motor design and theoretical analysis can be verified.更多还原