【作者】 王杰；

【导师】 丁志刚；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 公共管理， 2021， 博士

【摘要】 乡村振兴战略实施以来,国家越来越重视新乡贤作用。新乡贤参与乡村治理是学界近年来兴起的重要议题。本文在田野调查的基础上,坚持公共管理学科研究范式,运用扎根理论,以昌吉市作为研究场域,对西部民族地区新乡贤参与乡村事务治理具体内容的逻辑展开研究。分别构建了新乡贤参与乡村公共服务、乡风文明建设、乡村民族事务治理和乡村宗教事务治理的理论解释模型。在构建理论模型的基础上,通过总结和归纳田野调查过程中所观察到的治理实际,基于治理现代化的视角,分别回应了新乡贤参与乡村事务治理对于促进乡村公共服务现代化、乡风文明建设、乡村民族事务治理现代化和乡村宗教事务治理现代化的理论启示,归纳了新乡贤参与乡村治理的治理方式,并在概括新乡贤与传统乡贤参与村治角色的基础上,对两者作了比较分析。首先,通过对新乡贤参与乡村公共服务供给逻辑的分析,建构了“新乡贤公共服务供给的逻辑”的理论解释模型。其中,个人参与预备度和“国家-社会-家庭”支持分别是新乡贤发挥作用的内在条件和外部条件;公共服务内卷化是新乡贤发挥作用的原因,协同优化服务供给是新乡贤改善公共服务的行动;多管齐下共保障是新乡贤发挥作用可持续和确保服务供给得以良性循环的策略;公共服务效能提升是新乡贤服务供给行为促成的结果。其次,通过对新乡贤参与乡风文明建设逻辑的分析,建构了“新乡贤参与乡风文明建设的逻辑”的理论解释模型。其中,乡风失范是新乡贤得以参与乡风文明建设的原因;引领乡风民风是新乡贤参与乡风文明建设的内驱动力;乡村文化振兴是新乡贤参与乡风文明建设的外驱动力;文明乡风建设是新乡贤参与乡风文明建设的主要内容;乡风文明是新乡贤参与乡风文明建设的结果体现;鼓励嘉奖则是驱动新乡贤参与乡风文明建设的策略办法。再次,通过对新乡贤参与乡村民族事务治理逻辑的分析,建构了“新乡贤参与乡村民族事务治理的逻辑”的理论解释模型。其中,民族共生共存是引致新乡贤参与民族事务治理的重要土壤;基层民族事务繁重是新乡贤在民族事务治理中发挥作用的突破口;维系族际关系和谐是新乡贤在民族事务治理中发挥作用的动机;族际粘合是新乡贤在民族事务治理中发挥作用的主要方式;场域驱动是新乡贤在民族事务治理中发挥作用的外驱动力;民族团结进步是新乡贤参与民族事务治理的结果呈现。复次,通过对新乡贤参与乡村宗教事务治理逻辑的分析,建构了“新乡贤参与乡村宗教事务治理的逻辑”的理论解释模型。其中,宗教并存是新乡贤得以参与宗教事务治理的现实土壤;基层宗教事务复杂是新乡贤参与宗教事务治理现实选择;引导宗教与社会主义相适应是新乡贤参与宗教事务治理的动机;宗教事务治理驱动是促使新乡贤参与宗教事务治理的客观需要;支持宗教中国化是新乡贤参与宗教事务治理的基本方式;宗教关系和谐则是新乡贤参与宗教事务治理的理想目标。最后,通过总结、归纳田野调查过程中所观察到的治理实际,分别回应了新乡贤参与乡村事务治理对于促进公共服务现代化、乡风文明建设、乡村民族事务治理现代化和乡村宗教事务治理现代化的理论启示。归纳了新乡贤参与乡村治理的治理方式,分别是译介治理、依德治理和补位治理。在形式理论层面,对新乡贤参与乡村治理事务所扮演的角色进行了理论概括,并与传统乡贤作了比较分析。综上,本研究的主要创新/贡献之处在于以下三点:首先,从乡村治理的内容视角出发,运用扎根理论构建了新乡贤参与乡村治理不同内容的理论解释模型,并阐释了新乡贤参与对于乡村治理现代化的理论启示;其次,在理论层面概括了新乡贤参与乡村治理的三种方式;最后,对新乡贤与传统乡贤参与乡村治理角色的理论刻画作了比较分析,拓展了学界关于新乡贤参与村治的理论认识。然而,仍然存在不足。本研究侧重从学理角度来进行经验叙事,势必削弱复杂的现实世界和经验过程,同时受限于田野调查的可行性,所构建理论模型的适用性有待进一步的探索。鉴于此,未来研究有必要深入扎根广大西部民族地区乡村开展田野调查,持续将构建的理论模型放入乡村治理实践中予以检验和修正,不断增强理论模型的解释力和适用性。同时,对于新乡贤参与村治研究,从研究内容来看,要与乡村振兴战略相结合,拓展研究的问题域;从研究方法来看,要科学运用研究方法,正确回答研究问题,坚持方法运用的多元化;从研究理论来看,要在形成新乡贤参与村治经验质感的基础上,持续提炼关于新乡贤参与村治的一般化理论概念,逐渐形成新乡贤参与村治的理论话语体系,实现学术理论对治理实践的良好回应。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy,the country has paid more and more attention to the role of the new rural elites.The participation of the new rural elites in rural governance is an important issue in academic circles.On the basis of field investigation,this paper adheres to the research paradigm of public management discipline,uses the grounded theory,takes Changji City as the research field,and carries out the research on the logic of the specific content of the new rural elites participation in the governance of rural affairs in the western minority areas.The theoretical explanatory models of the participation of the new rural elites in the rural public service,the construction of rural customs and civilization,the governance of rural national affairs and the governance of rural religious affairs are respectively constructed.In building,on the basis of relevant theoretical model,through the summary and induction field observed in the process of the actual state of governance,based on the perspective of governance modernization,the paper responds to the theoretical enlightenment of the new rural elites participation in rural affairs governance for promoting the modernization of rural public service,rural national affairs governance,rural religious affairs governance and rural civilization construction,this paper sums up the governance mode of the new rural elites participating in the rural governance,and makes a comparative analysis on the basis of summarizing the roles of the new rural elites and the traditional rural elites in the rural governance.First of all,through the analysis of the logic of the new rural elites participating in the supply of rural public service,the theoretical explanation model of "the logic of the new rural elites participating in the supply of rural public service" is constructed.In the model,the degree of preparation for individual participation and the support of "state,society and family" are the internal and external conditions for new rural elites to participate in public service respectively,the involution of public services is the reason why the new rural elites can play a role,collaborative optimization of service supply is the action of new rural elites to improve public service,multi-pronged guarantee is the strategy for the new rural elites to play a sustainable role and ensure a virtuous cycle of service supply,the improvement of public service efficiency is the result of the service supply behavior of the new rural elites.Secondly,through the analysis of the logic of the new rural elites participating in the construction of rural civilization,the theoretical explanation model of "the logic of the new rural elites participating in the construction of rural civilization" is constructed.Among them,the loss of rural customs norms is the reason why the new rural elites can participate in the construction of rural customs civilization;leading the rural social ethos is the internal driving force for the new rural elites to participate in the construction of rural civilization;the revitalization of rural culture is the external driving force for the new rural elites to participate in the construction of rural civilization;the construction of civilized rural customs is the main content of the new rural elites participation in the construction of rural customs civilization;the civilization of rural social atmosphere is the result of the new rural elites participation in the construction of rural civilization;encouraging and rewarding is the strategy to drive the new rural elites to participate in the construction of local civilization.Thirdly,through the analysis of the logic of the new rural elites participating in the governance of rural national affairs,the theoretical explanation model of "the logic of the new rural elites participating in the governance of rural national affairs" is constructed.Among them,national symbiosis and coexistence is an important soil for the new rural elites to participate in the governance of national affairs;the heavy national affairs at the grass-roots level is the breakthrough for the new rural elites to play a role in the governance of national affairs;to maintain the harmony of inter-clan relations is the motive for the new rural elites to play a role in the governance of national affairs;the inter-clan bonding is the main way for the new rural elites to play a role in the governance of national affairs;field drive is the external driving force for the new rural elites to play a role in the governance of national affairs;national unity and progress is the result of the new rural elites’ participation in the governance of national affairs.Fourthly,through the analysis of the logic of the new rural elites’ participation in the governance of rural religious affairs,the theoretical explanation model of "the logic of the new rural elites’ participation in the governance of rural religious affairs" is constructed.Among them,the coexistence of religions is the realistic soil for the new rural elites to participate in the governance of religious affairs;the complexity of religious affairs at the grass-roots level is a realistic choice for the new rural elites to participate in the governance of religious affairs;guiding religion to adapt to socialism is the motivation of the new rural elites to participate in the governance of religious affairs;the governance drive is the objective need to urge the new rural elites to participate in the governance of religious affairs;supporting the sinicization of religion is the basic way for the new rural elites to participate in the governance of religious affairs;the harmonious religious relationship is the ideal goal for the new rural elites to participate in the governance of religious affairs.Finally,by summarizing the actual state of governance observed in the field investigation process,the paper responds to the theoretical enlightenment of the participation of the new rural elites in rural affairs governance for promoting the modernization of public service,rural civilization construction,the modernization of rural national affairs and the modernization of rural religious affairs governance.This paper summarizes the governance ways of the new rural elites participating in the rural governance,which are respectively the translation and introduction governance,the governance by virtue and the governance by filling positions.In the aspect of formal theory,the role played by the new rural elites participating in the rural governance office is summarized theoretically,and compared with the traditional rural elites.To sum up,the main innovation/contribution of this study lies in the following three points:first of all,from the perspective of the content of rural governance,this paper uses the grounded theory to construct the theoretical explanation models of different contents of the participation of new rural elites in rural governance,and explains the theoretical enlightenment of the participation of new rural elites in rural governance modernization;secondly,it summarizes three ways of the new rural elites participating in the rural governance in theory;Finally,the paper makes a comparative analysis on the theoretical depiction of the role of the new rural elites and the traditional rural elites participating in the village governance,which expands the theoretical understanding of the new rural elites governing the rural in academic circles.However,there are still shortcomings.This research focuses on the empirical narrative from the perspective of academic theory,which is bound to weaken the complex real world and empirical process.Meanwhile,due to the feasibility of field investigation,the applicability of the theoretical model constructed needs to be further tested and explored.In view of this,it is necessary for future research to carry out field investigations in rural areas in the vast western national minority areas,test and revise the theoretical model constructed in rural governance practice continuously,and continuously enhance the explanatory power and applicability of the theoretical model.At the same time,from the perspective of research content,the research should be combined with the Rural revitalization strategy to expand the problem area of research;from the perspective of research methods,scientific use of research methods,correct answers to research questions,adhere to the diversification of the application of methods;from the perspective of research theory,it is necessary to continuously refine and generalize the general theoretical concepts about the participation of new rural elites in rural governance on the basis of the formation of experience texture,and realize the good response of academic theory to governance practice.更多还原