【作者】 任刚；

【导师】 赵旭东； 金虹；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 建筑技术科学， 2019， 博士

【摘要】 随着岛礁空间价值的不断强化,建筑节能逐渐成为各国政府和组织开发岛礁关注的焦点。作为节能型建筑的高层次产品,零碳太阳能建筑的研究和利用逐渐成为实现岛礁生态开发的主要途径。目前,我国南海岛礁的开发与建设正在逐步推进进程中,但针对该地区零碳太阳能建筑的策略及方法研究却基本处于空白状态。基于上述原因,本文将太阳能应用技术所包含的内容作为建筑不可或缺的设计元素进行整合,使太阳能系统真正成为建筑整体的一部分,不仅能够有效降低建筑营建成本,减少由建筑带来的能源损耗,还可以提高太阳能利用的综合效率,从而更好地建设符合于热带岛礁环境的零碳太阳能建筑。首先,论文从热带岛礁地区的区域环境特征、太阳能资源潜力、住宅建筑用能季节及用能比重四个方面进行分析,确定基于太阳能利用的零碳建筑基础模型参数,建立了太阳能建筑综合优化系统模型设计。其次,通过太阳能集热构件与建筑界面整合设计,形成太阳能建筑围护结构模块。该模块不仅能够有效提高建筑界面的保温隔热等基本功能,还能充分捕集太阳能热能资源实现建筑电力和热水的自主供应。再次,利用太阳能建筑围护结构模块与室内的设备进行耦合,使太阳能系统真正成为建筑整体的一部分,在管控太阳能系统对建筑能源利用和室内热环境影响的同时,还可以有效提高太阳能利用的整体效率。然后,根据模型建筑的综合负荷布置集热模块的部位与数量,同时完成太阳能系统的应用与补偿设计,并利用能耗模拟软件Energy Plus对该模型能源供应及运行能耗进行模拟计算,从而对热带岛礁地区零碳太阳能建筑设计的可行性作出初步设计评价。最后,划分太阳能建筑全生命周期的阶段和范围,通过模型建筑参数对其进行经济、能源和环境等项目效益分析,进一步论证热带岛礁地区太阳能建筑一体化设计的经济性和可行性,为其它具有类似气候特征的地域环境提供可靠及客观的参照。更多还原

【Abstract】 With highlighting the importance of island space,some countries or organizations have put their eyes on the building energy conservation in developing the islands.As a high-level product of energy-saving buildings,the research and utilization of zero-carbon solar buildings has gradually become the main way to realize the ecological development of island.At present,the development and construction of South China Sea islands are advancing step by step,but the research on the strategies and methods of zero-carbon solar buildings in this area is basically in a blank state.Therefore,this paper integrates the content of solar energy application technology as an indispensable design element of building,it can not only effectively reduce the construction cost,reduce the energy loss caused by the building,but also improve the comprehensive efficiency of solar energy utilization,so as to better build zero-carbon solar energy buildings in line with the tropical island environment.Firstly,based on the analysis of the regional environmental characteristics,solar energy resources potential,residential building energy season and energy proportion in tropical island area,the basic model parameters of zero-carbon building based on solar energy utilization are determined,and the integrated optimization system model design of solar energy building is established.Secondly,through the integrated design of solar collector components and building interface,the solar building envelope module is formed.This module can not only effectively improve the basic functions of building interface such as thermal insulation,but also fully capture solar energy resources to realize the independent supply of building power and hot water.Thirdly,the solar energy building envelope module is coupled with the indoor equipment to make the solar energy system truly become a part of the whole building.While controlling the impact of solar energy system on building energy utilization and indoor thermal environment,it can also effectively impr ove the overall efficiency of solar energy utilization.Fourthly,according to the comprehensive load of the model building,the position and quantity of the collector module are arranged,and the application and compensation design of the solar energy system are completed at the same time.The energy consumption simulation software Energy Plus is used to simulate the energy supply and operation energy consumption of the model,so as to make a preliminary design evaluation on the feasibility of zero-carbon solar architecture design in tropical island areas.Finally,the stages and ranges of the whole life cycle of solar energy buildings are divided,and the economic,energy and environmental benefits of solar energy buildings are analyzed through the model building parameters.The economy and feasibility of solar energy buildings in tropical islands are further demonstrated,which can provide reliable and objective reference for other regional environments with similar climate characteristics.更多还原