【作者】 王凯；

【导师】 严新平；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 轮机工程， 2018， 博士

【摘要】 绿色高效与可持续发展一直是航运业发展不断追求的目标。近年来,国际海事组织相继采取强制措施,以减少船舶温室气体的排放。与此同时,航运业也在不断探索更加节能环保的营运方式和管理策略,以降低船舶能源消耗和提高船队营运的经济性。提高船队的能效水平是降低能源消耗和温室气体排放的有效途径。为了实现多因素影响下的船队营运能效综合优化与提升,需要开展船队能效数据的挖掘与分析,建立单船与船队能效优化模型,探索科学有效的船队能效综合优化方法。本文以内河航运船队作为研究对象,分析了船舶能效的主要影响因素,开展了单船与船队的能效数据采集与分析,研究了基于营运数据分析的单船和船队能效优化方法,为提高内河船队的能效水平提供理论方法与技术支持。具体的研究内容和创新主要包括以下几点:(1)船载能效数据采集系统与岸基能效数据分析平台的构建。基于船队船舶营运能效影响因素与评价方法,分析了船队营运能效优化的数据需求,构建了基于船载能效数据采集系统与岸基能效数据分析平台于一体的船队能效数据采集与分析方案,为船队能效数据的获取及船队能效优化方法的研究奠定基础。(2)基于营运数据分析的单船能效优化方法。基于所获取的船舶营运数据,分别对通航环境、船舶营运能效水平、推进系统能效状态,以及船舶能效影响诸要素之间的作用规律进行了分析。采用理论分析与试验数据相结合的方式建立了单船能效模型。在此基础上,提出了基于区域航段划分和基于通航环境航段划分的单船能效优化方法,以提高单船的营运能效水平。(3)基于营运数据分析的船队能效优化方法。基于所提出的船队营运能效评价方法,进行了船队能效水平的对比分析。在此基础上,建立了考虑通航环境、运输需求、航行时间,以及港口操作时间等多因素的船队能效优化模型,提出了考虑多因素的船队能效优化方法。通过建立考虑多因素的船队营运能效非线性优化模型,采用智能求解算法获得了船队各艘船舶不同条件下的优化航速,分析了主要因素对船队能耗影响的敏感性。(4)基于营运数据分析的船队能效综合优化方法。基于船队能效优化管理过程,提出了船队能效“双级”综合优化方法,主要包括上级的船队营运决策和下级的基于实时信息的船队能效动态优化。通过建立船队营运决策模型及船队能效动态优化模型,可以实现货物的优化配载与船队能效的动态优化,以提高内河船队的整体能效水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 Green,efficient and sustainable development has always been the goal of shipping industry.In recent years,International Maritime Organization(IMO)has launched mandatory measures to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from ships.At the same time,the shipping industry is also exploring more energy efficient and environmentally friendly operation methods and management strategies,in order to reduce energy consumption and improve the economy of ship fleets.Improving energy efficiency is an effective way to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of in-service ships.In order to realize the comprehensive optimization of fleet energy efficiency under the influence of multiple factors,it is necessary to mine and analyze the data on fleet energy efficiency,establish single ship and fleet energy efficiency optimization models,and explore scientific and effective methods for the comprehensive optimization of fleet energy efficiency.In this paper,the inland river fleet is selected as the research object.The main influencing factors of ship energy efficiency are analyzed,and the operational data on the energy efficiency of single ship and fleet are collected and analyzed.On this basis,the energy efficiency optimization method of single ship and fleet are proposed based on the operational data analysis.This study can provide theoretical method and technical support for improving the energy efficiency of inland river fleet.The specific research contents and contributions mainly include the following aspects:(1)Design of an on-board energy efficiency data acquisition system and an on-shore data analysis platform.Based on the influencing factors and evaluation method of fleet energy efficiency,the required data on the fleet energy efficiency optimization is identified.An integrated system incorporating an on-board data collection system and an on-shore data analysis platform is designed,which lays the foundation for the data collection of fleet energy efficiency and the research of fleet energy efficiency optimization methods.(2)Research of single ship energy efficiency optimization method based on the operational data analysis.Based on the obtained operational data,the navigational environment,the ship energy efficiency level,the energy efficiency state of the propulsion system,and the relationship between the main influencing factors of ship energy efficiency are analyzed.A single ship energy efficiency model is established by combining theoretical analysis with experimental data.On this basis,two optimization methods of single ship energy efficiency based on the route division according to region and navigational environment are proposed,which can improve the operational energy efficiency of a single ship.(3)Research of fleet energy efficiency optimization method based on the operational data analysis.Based on the proposed evaluation method of fleet energy efficiency,the comparative analysis on the energy efficiency of ships within a fleet is carried out.On this basis,an optimization method of fleet energy efficiency considering multiple factors(e.g.navigational environment,transport demand,sailing time requriement and port operation time)is proposed.A nonlinear optimization model of fleet energy efficiency considering multiple factors is established,and the optimal sailing speeds of each ship within a fleet under different conditions are obtained by using an intelligent solution algorithm.Finally,the sensitivity of the main factors to the energy consumption of the fleet is analyzed.(4)Research of comprehensive optimization method of fleet energy efficiency based on the operational data analysis.Based on the optimization management process of fleet energy efficiency,a bi-level comprehensive optimization method of fleet energy efficiency is proposed,which mainly includes the upper-level operation decisions of fleet and the lower-level dynamic optimization of fleet energy efficiency based on real-time information.Through the establishments of a fleet operation decision-making model and a dynamic optimization model of fleet energy efficiency,the optimal cargo stowage of each ship and the dynamic optimization of fleet energy efficiency can be achieved,thus improving the energy efficiency of inland river fleet.更多还原