【作者】 金鑫；

【导师】 邵彦敏；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 马克思主义发展史， 2019， 博士

【摘要】 中国共产党领导的高等教育发展历史蕴含于中国共产党发展的历史脉络中,无论是战争年代还是和平发展时期,中国共产党都非常重视高等教育,领导着高等教育的发展方向,创新着对高等教育的领导方式。每个时期的高等教育的发展都离不开那个时期中国共产党的发展实际。因此,习近平总书记指出:“我国高等教育发展方向要同我国发展的现实目标和未来方向紧密联系在一起,为人民服务,为中国共产党治国理政服务,为巩固和发展中国特色社会主义制度服务,为改革开放和社会主义现代化建设服务。”这就构成了中国共产党对高等教育价值追求的全部。研究中国共产党领导我国高等教育的历史轨迹和发展优势就是为了总结规律、把握方向,促进高等教育更好地发展。为此,本文首先从中国共产党高等教育的相关概念和范围界定出发,沿着中国共产党领导我国高等教育的理论之基和实践的历史印记出发,得出指导中国共产党高等教育实践的历史轨迹发展的内在规律,一方面遵循于党对高等教育的领导实践和所掌握的理论暨马克思主义的指导,另一方面遵循于对人类教育思想文化的继承和总结,也体现了党所代表的阶级理想。随着社会的发展,党对我国高等教育领导实践进一步深入,对马克思主义理论不断创新,进而得出中国共产党对高等教育的认识和实践将更为科学化和具体化这一基本观点。其次,只有更为全面和深刻地认识党对高等教育的历史轨迹和发展优势关系,才能更好地总结规律、把握我国高等教育的未来发展方向。为此,本文从育人优势、社会服务优势和引领文化优势三个方面来阐释中国共产党对高等教育的领导实践历史轨迹和发展优势,这是由高等教育的自身特点决定的。首先,高等教育是教学的具体过程,必须尊重人的教育规律,这是高等教育历史脉络的出发点和落脚点。其次,高等教育是特殊的社会现象,决定了高等教育必然要为社会服务,社会各要素也决定了高等教育的历史发展认识。最后,高等教育是文化传承与创新的载体,本文所指的文化是一个宽泛的概念,体现了高等教育在所处历史阶段的全部内涵。最终,高等教育的三个特征交集于特定的阶级社会,在我国就是中国共产党领导的社会主义社会。因此,本文通过从这三个维度来梳理中国共产党领导高等教育的历史实践和启示,从正反两个方面总结了历史经验,希冀能够较为客观和全面地总结中国共产党领导高等教育历程中所形成的主要优势。最后,我国社会发展已经进入了新时代,站在了新的历史方位,孕育了新的社会主要矛盾,产生了指导我国各项事业发展的新思想。在这种情况下,中国高等教育也必将面临新的机遇和风险。通过梳理新时代党领导我国高等教育所面临的新风险及其成因,从创新我国高等教育的内涵式发展实践、提升高等教育的社会民生服务能力、增强中国特色社会主义文化对高等教育的引领能力等三个方面提出了全面加强党在新时代对我国高等教育领导能力的构想。最终,得出了在充分继承和发展好既有的党的领导优势基础上,中国共产党必将领导我国高等教育发展取得更为辉煌成就这一基本结论。更多还原

【Abstract】 Highly valued by the Communist Party of China(CPC),Higher education in China develops in the same vein of the progress of the Party during the wartime and in the period of peaceful development.CPC provides guidance for the development of higher education and encourages innovations in the way of leading higher education.Higher education can not be separated from the development reality of the CPC in each historical stage.Therefore,General Secretary Xi Jinping points out,"The development of China’s higher education should be closely linked with the realistic goal and future direction of China’s development,serve the people,serve the CPC’s governance,serve the consolidation and development of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics,and serve the reform,opening up and socialist modernization." This constitutes the entire pursuit of the value of higher education by the Communist Party of China.The purpose of studying the history of China’s higher education is to generalize the rules and hold the correct direction with an expectation of a better development of higher education.Therefore,starting from the definitions of the relevant concepts and research scope,the dissertation makes an analysis of the theoretical foundation of China’s higher education led by the CPC and its historical imprint of practice,from which generalizes the innate rules that guide the development of China’s higher education practice: the party’s leadership practice combined with the Marxism,and the inheritance of the human education thoughts and culture,with a reflection of the class ideal represented by the party.With further social development,the CPC’s practice of higher education leadership deepens with the continuous innovation of Marxism,the author holds that the CPC’s understanding and practice of higher education will be more scientific and specific in the future.Secondly,with the idea that the more comprehensive and profound we understand the history of China’s higher education and the advantages of the CPC’s leadership,the better can we summarize the rules and grasp the future development direction.Therefore,the dissertation illustrates and interprets the history from three aspects of educational advantage,social service advantage and leading cultural advantage,which is determined by the characteristics of higher education itself.Above all,the point of view that higher education involves specific process of teaching which must respect the law of human education is the starting point and foothold of the historical context of higher education.Then,as a special social phenomenon,higher education must serve the society,and hence its historical development is determined by all other social elements.What’s more,higher education is the carrier of cultural inheritance and innovation.Culture referred to in this dissertation is a broad concept,which embodies the full connotation of higher education in each historical stage.In the end,the three characteristics of higher education intersect in the specific class society,which is specified as the socialist society led by the CPC in China.Therefore,the author combs the historical practice and enlightenment of the CPC’s higher education from three dimensions,summarizes its historical experience,aiming to generalize the advantages formed in the course of the CPC’s leadership throughout higher education in a more objective and comprehensive way.Finally,the social development of China has entered a new era with a new historical orientation,resulting in new social major contradictions and new ideas to guide the development of various undertakings.Under such circumstances,China’s higher education will face new opportunities and risks inevitably.By analyzing the new challenges faced by the party in the course of leading China’s higher education,the author puts forward the idea of comprehensively strengthening the party’s leadership in China’s higher education in the new era from three aspects including to innovate the connotation development practice of higher education,to improve the social and civil service ability of higher education and to enhance the leading ability of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics in higher education.Based on the above arguments,the dissertation concludes that with the inheritance of the existing leadership advantages,the CPC will guide China’s higher education to a prosperous future.更多还原