【作者】 刘勇；

【导师】 刘泽亮；

【作者基本信息】 厦门大学 ， 中国哲学， 2018， 博士

【摘要】 王骧陆乃清末民初佛教居士,心中心法二祖,其佛学思想的核心是“印心”,其佛教思想内容丰富而且系统、体系化,极具研究价值。本书主要围绕其印心思想展开研究。王骧陆及其印心思想诞生于清末民初佛教历史大背景下,当时的佛教正处于大变革、风起云涌的年代,“佛教改革”、“显密圆通”等思潮和运动蔚然大观,这些外部因素共同孕育和推动着王骧陆印心思想的诞生。从心中心法当时的内部状况来看,心中心法内部传承的需要相应的思想依凭和修法规范来指导修行,在这种情况下,楷定和完善心中心法修行法要和体系的重任自然落在二祖王骧陆居士身上。王骧陆自身的学养和学修的心路历程是印心思想出现的直接内因,事实上,王骧陆围绕“印心”而展开的相关著作和开示的印行,已经成为印心思想的现实呈现。从佛教思想史上来看,印心思想的出现正是基于佛教教下经典思想的传播和禅宗心印传承这两个重要思想渊源。教下之三藏十二部经论的核心即是“印心”之根本渊源,禅宗的心印传承则是印心思想的直接渊源。王骧陆于“明心地”后研读圆觉、般若、净土宗、禅宗等诸宗之著作,渐觉会通。并与心中心法之修证相互参详比对,进而形成印心思想跟诸教思想的会通。此外,王骧陆又以印心为核心圆融诸宗修法,即将禅宗、净土宗、密宗、天台宗、相宗等诸宗修法法要进行归宗阐释,标举出各宗归宗之义,以合印心之旨。这样,王骧陆就打通了宗门和教下,并提炼出宗教互通的核心宗旨“——印心”,不仅为完成印心思想体系的构建提供了基础的理论和实践依据,更以印心为核心对教下和宗门的思想进行重新的阐释,从而完成印心思想体系的构建。王骧陆印心思想的衍生过程也是围绕“心“、“心性”、“印心”而展开的,即首先通过对学佛最初决定的梳理到“辨明心性”,继而通过“辨明心性”进而阐明“以印心为宗”,最后通过对“以印心为宗”的细化来构建印心思想体系。从印心思想的内涵上看,包括三个方面:先破迷证体后启用除习是印心的主张:从般若为用到净土为归是印心的机理;从入佛明宗到趣归圆觉是印心的旨趣。从印心思想的构架上看,印心思想的构架与《乙亥讲演录》的构架有同源性和同构性。其构架可以用“一宗三分”来概括,一宗即是“印心为宗。”三分乃分为启机分、正修分和印证分。因为《乙亥讲演录》乃王骧陆印心思想的集中体现,它的发行,标志着统领一代宗门心中心法的印心思想作为成熟的思想体系而诞生。王骧陆的印心思想之所以采用“一宗三分”的构架,跟王骧陆的发心、理路和实践相关。王骧陆的发心、理路和实践的内容也形成印心思想的三个特质:发心——以秉承入佛当明宗的心怀主张印心,理路——以融通宗教以归心的理路建构印心,实践——以通达世出世法的大智慧实践印心。经过对以上问题进行深入分析和系统研究后发现:王骧陆开创的印心宗实际上乃秉承教下和宗门一贯的“以心传心”“明心见性”的宗旨,在修持方法和原理上融合了禅净密诸宗的要义和方便,而在佛教历史上形成了一脉主张以印心为宗的新宗派。由此,本文认为.:印心宗区别,它是汉地独弘的密法,其法的佛经依据来源于释迦牟尼佛亲口宣说,记载二祖王骧陆的印心思想乃印心宗思想体系的集中体现。心中心法与藏密和东密系统有所不同,它是汉地独弘的密法无相,其法记载于《佛心经品亦通大随求陀罗尼》,该经收录在《大正藏》第十九册》。印心思想的特色乃融禅密净于一炉,从佛教思潮的角度看属于显密圆通思潮。而王骧陆本人在心中心法传承法脉中处于承前启后的地位,其印心思想奠定了心中心法之法脉的思想基础,在心中心法三代祖师中起到了中流砥柱的作用。总之,王骧陆在心中心法内部开发融通宗教并自成体系的印心思想,承续以印心为宗且传弘有序的印心宗,在佛教思想史上首次系统阐述证体启用的详细过程,为佛教和社会民生以及佛教实修做出了独特的贡献。更多还原

【Abstract】 In qing dynasty and early republic of China,Wang Xiang lu create a generation of buddhist XinZhongXin united.He is the master of the XinZhongXin united,The core of his thought is "koan",this article mainly to theory on koan to conduct a comprehensive and systematic study,this also is the first time at home and abroad.Theory on koan of Wang Xiang Lu was born in qing dynasty buddhist history background,the Buddhism is in the big bang,"Buddhism reform" and "tantra hot"trend and movement become observatory.Qing dynasty buddhist revival for theory on koan appear sunshine.The republic of China "tantra hot" is for the development of theory on koan provides a rich soil,and reveals the secret yuantong thoughts surging water raise for theory on koan.These external factors common breeds and driving the birth of the thought on koan of Wang Xiang Lu.From the internal conditions of XinZhongXin united at that time,The internal of XinZhongXin united inheriting the needs of the corresponding teaching idea drawing and repairing method of standard to guide practice,Wang Xiang lu’s works also needs a core idea as a general,it is the inevitability of the birth of theory on koan.In this case,the model and perfect the system of XinZhongXin united center method to practice and the burden of natural alight in the second progenitor Wang Xiang lu householder,and Wang Xiang lu land of their own knowledge and learning journey is printed directly internal cause which maked thought on koan.From the point of buddhist history,the appearance of theory on koan was based on the spread of Buddhism teaches the classical thought and zen koan to pass on these two important thought origin.The Buddhist theory under the theory of the core is "koan " the origin of the zen koan inheritance is printing the direct source of the heart thoughts.Wang Xiang lu in the "Ming" to study circle after,prajnaparamita,zen and pure land Buddhism all works,gradually will fail.Each other with XinZhongXin united of practice the interested readers,and on the teach classical elements.Wang Xiang lu and theory on koan as the core,moreover,along with the method,the zen and pure land,tantra,tiantai,phase of the trimming method are going to have to explain,the point to koan,to seal the purport of the mind.Thus Wang Xiang land through the door and teach,and share of heart about extracting religious purpose,not only provides the complete theory on koan system build on the basis of the theory and practice basis for more printing koan as the core of teaching thoughts and cases of door under the interpretation,so as to complete system of theory and practice of XinZhongXin united’s method.The generative process of Wang Xiang Lu’sthought on koan Which around the"heart","heart and nature","koan",which is first of all,by combing the study Buddhism first decided to "identify the disposition",and then through the "discern the disposition" thus illustrating "the objective of koan",finally through to the "the objective of koan" refinement to build thought on koan system.Through detailed text analysis and literature research,summed up the thought on koan includes three aspects:first,broken fan card body after use in addition to learning is the heart of proposition:for use pure land to be printed from prajnaparamita heart mechanism;From the Buddha Ming zong to boring to circle is the heart of interest."The theory on koan" frame and the frame of the journal b hai lectures have homology and homogeneity.Its architecture can be summed up in three points "a",one is "the heart is." Three points are divided into rev machine is being built,and confirm.Because the b hai lectures is Wang Xiang Lu’s thought of koan architecture works.Its issuance,marked the Xinzhongxin united at the head of the generation of door of heart thought as a mature thought system.Wang Xiang lu ’s thought of koan this frame,so it with Wang Xiang lu hair heart,understanding and practice,also because of those three aspects to form a thought of koan three traits:hair heart-to uphold the Buddha heart when Ming deal with claims seal,and understanding-to religion in reduction of the concept of construction of heart,-the great wisdom of the prudent,who was born to practice heart.Wang Xiang lu close internal development financing religious thoughts and sui generis seal,seemed to printed transmit hong orderly for cases and Xinzhongxin united,for the first time in the history of Buddhism system explains the detailed process of the body to enable to Buddhism made a unique and great contribution and social livelihood of the people.Through in-depth analysis and system was studied for the above problem found:Wang Xiang lu started to Xinzhongxin united of land actually is adhering to the teaching and consistent "heart-to-heart communication" and the zen koan,in principle and practice method combines zen net of all cases of gist,and formed a vein in the history of Buddhism advocated by the object of koan for cases of new sects.Wang Xiang lu’s theory of koan thought core platform "printing for cases of heart,prajnaparamita for use,always hold for the law,the pure land is owned by" also is of door has always been adhering to the teaching and "heart-to-heart communication" the tenet of koan,in principle and practice method combines zen net of all cases of gist and convenience,and formed a vein in the history of Buddhism unique cases of the wind.Thus,this paper argues that:the heart of the progenitor Wang Xiang lu’s thought of koan is the heart of the thought system.Heart center method and hide,Tang Mi have kinship,tantra solution is alone the biography of han nationality.Heart thought melts chan dense net in a furnace,from the perspective of buddhist thought to belong to dense yuantong trend.And Wang Xiang lu himself in the method of handing down of the heart center method and the status of continuity,the seal heart thought laid the ideological basis of heart center method the method of pulse,heart close three generations have played an important role in a mainstay.更多还原