【作者】 杨静；

【导师】 施建军；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 工商管理， 2013， 博士

【摘要】 生态创新作为企业响应社会环境变化的要求、获取可持续发展的重要手段,逐渐成为业界和学术界关注的话题。然而,生态创新作为一个全新的学术思想,围绕企业层面生态创新的实施驱动因素以及生态创新与企业绩效的关系研究仍然存在很多争议与不足。现有的理论研究已经指出,政府规制压力、市场推动力以及技术拉动力是驱动企业实施生态创新的动力。这三种力量之间存在的复杂的相互作用关系,如何避开单一的视角从系统的角度去研究三种力量对生态创新的促进作用是非常重要的。其次,企业实施生态创新会对绩效存在怎样的影响,为什么实证研究结果存在不确定性。针对以上问题,本文基于网络理论的视角,通过由政府、市场以及技术三个方面组成的生态创新网络的分析与验证,探讨哪些网络因素对生态创新具有促进作用。从生态创新本身的特征出发,运用资源理论、组织学习与利益相关者理论,提出生态创新对企业绩效的影响研究需考虑企业的组织学习能力与内部利益相关者支持的调节效应。本文选用江苏扬州市经济开发区132家企业作为研究样本搜集问卷,应用探索性因子分析与验证性因子分析对问卷的信效度进行控制,运用多元线性回归分析网络因素对生态创新的影响以及生态创新对企业绩效的影响。利用层级回归分析探讨组织学习能力与内部利益相关者支持对生态创新与企业绩效关系的调节效应。研究结论对于解释生态创新的驱动因素,理解生态创新与企业绩效之间实证结果的不确定性,规范企业生态创新实践提供理论依据。本文共分为七章,各章的主要内容如下:第一章主要介绍了论文的研究背景和研究问题,阐明了研究的意义与可能的创新,并简要地论述了论文研究思路与框架。第二章主要对生态创新的概念与涵义、生态创新的分类与特征;影响企业实施生态创新的因素;以及生态创新与企业绩效的关系等文献进行了回顾与述评。第三章进行了紫荆花纺织科技股份有限公司与金山环保工程集团公司两家企业的探索性案例研究,通过探索性案例研究,探讨生态创新网络中哪些关键网络因素对生态创新绩效影响最为重要。并提出本文的生态创新的网络驱动因素预设模型。第四章在前面的文献梳理与案例研究基础上,对研究内容进行了阐述,并提出了本文的理论模型与研究假设,主要包括两个方面:生态创新的影响因素假设;组织学习能力与内部利益相关者支持对生态创新与企业绩效关系的调节效应假设。第五章对样本选取、数据收集、变量的测量以及预测试进行了阐述。第六章运用探性因子分析和验证性因子分析来检验量表的信度和效度问题。采用回归分析方法对生态创新影响因素、生态创新对企业绩效的影响进行实证检验,以及组织学习能力与内部利益相关者支持对生态创新与企业绩效关系的调节效应检验。第七章对本文的研究结论进行概括总结,阐述本研究存在的局限性,并指出未来的主要研究方向。本研究主要得到以下几点结论:第一,企业生态创新行为受到多种动机驱动和因素的影响。生态网络因素中的网络关系强度、网络资源会影响企业的生态创新行为。网络异质性对生态创新的影响没有通过检验。即从规制网络、商业网络与知识网络的角度来探讨生态创新的驱动因素,网络关系强度与网络资源具有正向的促进作用。而网络异质性的正向作用可能存在一个“度”的问题。也就是并不是网络异质性越高,越有利于企业实施生态创新。第二,生态创新对企业绩效具有显著的正向影响。组织学习能力与内部利益相关者支持对生态创新与企业绩效之间的关系存在调节效应。即组织学习能力越强,企业实施生态创新对企业环境绩效与经济绩效的提升越显著。内部利益相关者支持程度越高,企业实施生态创新对企业绩效的提升越明显。以往研究之所以没有得到关于生态创新与企业绩效之间关系的比较统一的结论,原因就在于对一些情景因素缺乏考虑。本研究意义主要体现在以下几个方面:首先,从案例研究出发,通过案例的挖掘探讨生态创新网络因素中哪些因素对生态创新行为影响更为重要。以往的研究大都从单一因素作用的角度来研究生态创新的驱动机制。而本研究从网络视角,将驱动生态创新的三大力量即政府、市场和技术所形成的生态创新网络对生态创新驱动的研究具有一定的系统性和创新性。因为生态创新作为一项复杂的企业活动,往往不是单一因素能够起到决定性作用。不仅是对Ole Erik Hansen等(2010)提出的网络因素假设提供了实证检验,还进一步挖掘哪些网络因素对生态创新的影响更为重要。其次,本研究从生态创新本身的特性出发,生态创新具有网络性、资源性与学习性。企业通过生态创新提升企业绩效时存在一定的情境因素影响的。生态创新作为一项网络与学习活动,企业本身的组织学习能力能够帮助企业获取网络中有利于开展生态创新的资源与要素;生态创新作为一项资源活动,内部资源的整合也依赖于内部利益相关者的支持。组织学习能力较强、内部支持水平较高时,生态创新对企业绩效存在显著的正向影响。研究结果对现有企业生态创新影响企业绩效机理理论进行有益的拓展和补充。最后,本文对于帮助政府推进、积极地推动整个社会的生态创新的发展,指导企业如何开展生态创新活动等社会实践都具有一定的现实意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Eco-innovation,a response to the change of the social environment,an important means to obtain sustainable development,is becoming a topic highly concerned by the industry and academia.However,as a new academic idea,the driving factors of implementation of ecological innovation at enterprise level and the relationship of eco-innovation and enterprise performance still have a lot of controversy and shortage.The existing theoretical studies have pointed out that government regulation pressure,the push of market,as well as technical pulling power are the drivers for the implement of enterprises eco-innovation.However,the complex interactions exist between these three forces,how to avoid a single perspective and study from a system view is very important for exploring the effect of the three factors to eco-innovation.Secondly,What is the impact of the implementation of the eco-innovation to performance and Why the empirical findings is still uncertain.In order to solve the above questions,based on the perspective of network theory,this paper analyzes the eco-innovation network composed by the government,the market,as well as technical aspects to explore which network factor can promote eco-innovation.Based on the ecological characteristics of the innovation itself,using organizational learning and stakeholder theory,this paper put forward that the moderate effect of the organizational learning ability and the support of internal stakeholders should be considered when study the impact of ecological innovation on firm performance.This paper selects 132 companies in Economic Development Zone of Yangzhou city as sample,collecting questionnaires,using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis to control the reliability and validity of the questionnaire,choosing multiple linear regression analysis to analyze network’s impact to eco-innovation and the impact of eco-innovation to firm’s performance.Using hierarchical regression analysis,this paper explores the moderate effect of organizational learning capability and internal stakeholders support on the relationship between eco-innovation and business performance.The conclusion provides a theoretical basis to explain the driving factors of eco-innovation,understand the uncertainty of the empirical results of the relationship between corporate eco-innovation and business performance,standardize the practice of corporate eco-innovation.This paper is divided into seven chapters,the main content of each chapter is as follows:The first chapter introduces the research background and research questions,to clarify the significance of the study and possible innovations,and briefly discusses ideas and framework of this thesis.The second chapter reviews and comments:the concept,meaning,classification and characteristic of eco-innovation;factors that affecting the implementation of eco-innovation;the relationship between eco-innovation and corporate performance.Using Redbud Dyeing Technology Co.,Ltd.and Jinshan Environment Protection Engineering Group Corporation for exploratory case study,the third chapter explores which factors of eco-innovation are the most important factors of eco-innovation performance.And put forward the model of eco-innovation driven by network factor.Based on the literature review and case study in Chapter 2 and Chapter 3,chapter 4 describes the research content and the theoretical model and hypotheses,mainly including two aspects:the hypotheses of influencing factors of eco-innovation;the hypotheses of moderate effects of organizational learning capacity and internal stakeholders support on the relationship of eco-innovation and business performance.Chapter Ⅴ explains sample selection,data collection,measurement of variables,as well as pre-test process.Chapter Ⅵ examines reliability and validity of the scale,using the method of exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.Empirical test uses regression analysis to explore the factors that influencing eco-innovation,the impact of eco-innovation on firm performance,and moderate effect of organizational learning capability and internal stakeholders support on the relationship of eco-innovation and business performance.Chapter Ⅶ summarizes the conclusion,points out the limitations of this study and the direction of future research.This paper has conclusions as follows:First,eco-innovation behavior of corporate is influenced by a variety of driving motives and influencing factors.The strength of network relationship,network resources will affect the behaviors of eco-innovation.The effect of network heterogeneity on eco-innovation is no significant in the test.From the perspective of regulatory networks,business networks and knowledge networks to explore the drivers of eco-innovation,we find the strength of network relationship and network resources have a positive effect.And the network heterogeneity has some positive effect in some limited situations.That means higher degree of network heterogeneity is not definitely better for implementation of eco-innovation.Second,the eco-innovation has a significant positive impact on firm performance.Organizational learning capacity and internal stakeholders support have moderate effect on the relationship of eco-innovation and enterprise performance.With higher organizational learning ability,the implementation of eco-innovation has a better positive effect on environmental performance and economic performance significantly.With a higher degree of internal stakeholders support,the implement of eco-innovation has a better effect on corporate performance.Because of lack of consideration of situational factors,previous studies didn’t get a unified conclusion about the relationship between eco-innovation and business performance.The meaning of this study is mainly reflected as follows:From the point of case study,it is very important to find the influencing factors of eco-innovation behavior by case exploration.Most of the previous studies explored the influencing factors of eco-innovation from the point of single factor.However,from systematic and innovative network perspective,this study uses the eco-innovation network formed by the three forces that driving eco-innovation:the government,the market and the technology.For eco-innovation,a complex enterprise activity,a single factor can’t play a decisive role.This paper not only provides an empirical test of network factors proposed by Ole Erik Hansen(2010),also explores which network factors can pay a more important impact on eco-innovation.Secondly,this study starts from the characteristics of the eco-innovation,networking,resourcing and learning.The effect of eco-innovation to improve corporate performance depends on certain situational factors.Eco-innovation,as a networking and learning activities,organization learning ability can help organization gain access to the network resources and elements useful for eco-innovation;eco-innovation,as a resource based activities,integration of internal resources also depends on the support of internal shareholders.When there is a higher level of organizational learning ability and internal support,eco-innovation will has a better effect on firm performance.Results have a good expansion and complement to the existing impact mechanism of eco-innovation on corporate performance.Finally,this paper is helpful for the government to promote a positive impetus to the development of the whole society eco-innovation,and useful for the corporate to know how to carry out eco-innovation activities.更多还原