【作者】 苏畅；

【导师】 李静；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2019， 博士

【摘要】 北宋仁宗朝有“仁宗盛治”之称,当时的赵宋王朝政治稳定、经济繁荣、文化昌盛。在这样的大环境下,辞赋创作也有了较大的发展。尤其随着诗文革新运动的兴起,辞赋创作出现了全新的局面,可谓宋赋发展新变的肇始期。这一时期的赋作在对历代辞赋成就继承的基础上,承之而后变,变而为文,风骨苍劲,义理深长。第一章主要论述了仁宗朝辞赋创作的生成背景。宋仁宗是一位守成之君,以“仁”闻名天下。其为人性情宽厚,为政知人善用。仁宗朝出现了多位治世能臣,这些大臣同时也是著名的文学家,进行了大量的辞赋创作。另一方面,在社会繁盛的大背景下,国家也潜藏着种种危机,有识之士开始谋求变法革新。针对政治改革的不同意见,士大夫集团开始逐渐分成革新派和保守派,并开始激烈的党争。为了更好地推进政治改革、宣传革新主张,使文章经世致用就必须要反对不切实际,内容空虚的骈体文风,于是科制改革和文学复古等运动轰轰烈烈展开,并深刻影响着当时的文学创作包括辞赋创作的发展走向。第二章综论仁宗赋坛的创作格局。通过赋家的身份和政治观点以及辞赋创作风格的不同进行群体划分,并对他们的辞赋创作进行全面检阅。仁宗朝是一个北宋由盛而衰的历史转折期,文人们辞赋创作观念也从初期西昆遗风之“颂声”主张,由悠游闲雅、润色鸿业走向推重雅正和注重经世致用的功能。而随着梅欧的走进文坛并主导诗文革新运动,文以载道的文学观逐渐成为文学领域的主流,这时的赋作更加重视文学的现实功能,关注时代的忧患和个人的命运沉浮。宋人作赋不再愿步趋前人,而追求在唐之后另辟天地。第三章对仁宗时期赋的各种体式进行分章节论述。辞赋发展到北宋仁宗时,已经诸体皆备。律赋、大赋、骈赋、骚赋、文赋在这一时期都有丰富的创作实践。本章节从赋体的正名、流变、内容形式的创新等方面来展现各赋体在这一时期的不同风貌。宋代科举试赋,律赋在一定程度上受到外在要求的限制,艺术性难免有所不足。但也正是在这一境况下,仁宗朝辞赋作家却以相对固定的程式表现出了北宋政治、社会图景及个人情怀等诸多主题。这一时期的大赋创作延续了前代大赋创作铺采摛文的特点,同时更加注意赋作的现实性,追求通过赋作表现真实的国家气象与典礼盛况。在诗文革新运动及文体本身的发展规律作用下,这一时期的骈赋创作议论性加强,题材由传统的体物言情、颂美教化等扩展为言政抒怀,形式上也呈现出进一步向散体赋作复归的趋势。这一时期的骚体赋创作开始强化抒情与议论的功能,其中对于个人与国家、理想与现实的描写是政治风云在文学中的反映,也是当时文人复杂而独特的心路历程的直接表现。文赋是正式形成于北宋中期的一种赋体,是北宋诗文革新运动的产物,其产生与成熟受到当时诸多因素的共同影响,与骚赋、大赋、骈赋、律赋相比,文赋的形式更加自由,以散体为文、骈散结合为主要特征;内容偏重议论,不重铺排,追求理趣韵致。文赋的正式形成是宋代仁宗朝辞赋发展的重要成就,是北宋文坛积极探索求变的风气在辞赋中的集中表现。第四章主要论述仁宗朝辞赋的题材内容。辞赋发展到北宋中期,不仅在体制上力求突破,在表现的主题内容上也变得无所不包。仁宗朝天下承平日久,文化政策优厚宽松,大多数赋作家都有润色鸿业的作品传世,他们颂美盛世,用文章彰显仁宗治下的国泰民安,国力鼎盛。同时,辞赋作家又有忧国忧民,积极入世的执着追求,其最大的体现就是直言敢谏,热衷关注政治和社会现实生活。范仲淹、欧阳修等人都是活跃于仁宗时期的大臣,他们对盛世之中潜在的社会弊症有着清醒的认识。因此他们极力倡导变革以“刮骨疗毒”,赋体就是他们重要“武器”之一。当政治革新失败,很多文人经历仕途坎坷多难,于是他们将人生沉浮的感受写入文学作品,而这种消极的悲世情怀又是暂时的,他们在赋中又表达出高洁的人格品质、曲高和寡的孤独。赋体自然也就成为了抒发情感的重要载体之一。总之,仁宋朝辞赋创作具有多方面的成就和价值,其整体风貌虽与前朝辞赋多有不同,但其思想性和艺术性都在继承的基础上突破创新。仁宗朝是宋赋发展新变的肇始期,其对历代辞赋成就继承的基础上,以文为赋,以议论为赋,风骨苍劲,义理深长。这些成就的取得,使其成为辞赋发展史上的一个重要时期。更多还原

【Abstract】 Emperor Renzong of the North(earlier)Song Dynasty was renowned for the prosperous society under his rule featuring political stability and economic and cultural prosperity.Against such backdrop,the Ci Fu(a literary form sentimental or descriptive,often rhymed)creation has also experienced greater development and innovation based on the inheritance of the predecessors.Especially with the rise of the poetry innovation movement,Ci Fu creation has entered a new era,which can be described as the beginning of the new change of song Fu’s development.The Fu creation in this period featured new styles and profound meaning.The introduction mainly examines the current research situation of the thesis,combs the data literature,and the research ideas and methods of this paper.The first chapter mainly discusses the generation background of the Ci Fu creation in Renzong Period.Renzong is an emperor maintaining the achievements of his predecessors,known for his “benevolent rule”.He is generous in temperament and has a good use of political knowledge.There have been a number of famous political figures at that period and they are also famous writers,who have carried out a large number of rhetoric creations.On the other hand,in spite of the social prosperity,the country also lurked a variety of crises,people with insights began to seek transformation and innovation.In response to the different views of political reforms,the group of scholars and bureaucrats began to gradually divide into reformists and conservatives,conflicting with each other.In order to better promote political reform and publicize the idea of innovation,literary creation must oppose the meaningless,impractical,parallel style of writing.So the reform of the imperial examinations and literature retro launched vigorously,and profoundly influenced the literary creation at that time,Ci Fu creation included.The second chapter is a comprehensive discussion on the patterns of Ci Fu in Renzong period.A comprehensive review is carried out concerning the identity and political views and the different rhetoric creative styles of the writers.The period is a historical transition period for the Song Dynasty.The writers began to pay more attention to the content than the style in terms of literary creation.With Mei Ou leading the poetic innovation movement,more attention was assigned to the practical function of literature,problems of the time and ups and downs of the people.Song Ci Fu thus became different from that of the Tang Dynasty.The third chapter discusses the various styles in the Renzong period.In that period,there are already a great variety of forms and styles.This chapter shows the different features of each form.The imperial examination in the Song Dynasty was limited by the external requirements to a certain extent,and the literary and artistic nature was inevitably inadequate.But it is also in this situation that rhetoric writers expressed the political,social picture and personal feelings of the North Song Dynasty with a relatively fixed form,and the great creation of this period continues the characteristics of the previous generation,while paying more attention to the reality.Under the the poetic Innovation movement and natural evolvement of the literary creation,the lexicalization of the creation in this period has been strengthened,and the subjects have been expanded to emotion expressing and argumentation,and the form has also showed a tendency of returning.Wen Fu is a kind of assignment which was formally formed in the middle of the North Song Dynasty.It was the product of the poetry reform movement,and its emergence and maturity were influenced by many factors at that time,and compared with other kinds of Fu,the form of Wen Fu was freer and focuses more on the argumentation.The formal formation of Wen Fu is an important achievement in the development of Renzong rhetoric in the Song Dynasty,and it is the concentrated expression of change seeking efforts in the rhetoric creation of the North Song Dynasty.The fourth chapter mainly discusses the subjects of Renzong Ci Fu.In the middle of the North Song Dynasty,there were not only innovative styles but also more inclusive themes.The society had been prosperous for a long time,therefore many famous writers at that time created many works to praise the emperor.At the same time,some political figures who are also writers including Fan Zhongyan and Ouyang Xiu used Fu as a tool to express their worry for the dynasty and the people,criticize the biased policies,and provide their proposals of reform.And as political reforms failed,they began to express their feelings about their fate and loneliness and the Fu created by them became more emotion concentrated but above all showed their great personality.To conclude,the Ci Fu creation in Renzong period has also experienced greater development and innovation based on the inheritance of the predecessors,featuring new styles and profound meaning.And these achievements make it an important period in the history of Ci Fu development.更多还原