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副流感病毒5的V蛋白对病毒RNA合成的调控
Regulation of Viral RNA Synthesis by the V Protein of Parainfluenza Virus 5
【作者】 杨洋;
【导师】 吴建国;
【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 , 微生物学, 2015, 博士
【摘要】 副黏液病毒科中有很多重要的动物和人类病原体。作为典型的副黏液病毒科中的一员,副流感病毒5(PIV5)的基因组编码的V蛋白能够抑制病毒RNA的合成。在这项研究中,我们探索了这种抑制作用的机理。通过使用突变分析技术和Mini基因组系统,我们发现了在V蛋白N端和C端的结构域,分别有两个功能域能够抑制病毒RNA的合成:一个在非常靠前的N端,另一个在V蛋白的C端。更进一步地,我们发现了L16和117这两个氨基酸残基对V蛋白N端结构域的抑制功能起着非常重要的作用,并且E12这个氨基酸位点对这种抑制功能也起到了一定的作用。同样的,这几个氨基酸位点对P蛋白的功能也起到了非常重要的作用。V蛋白N端和C端的两个结构域都能和核衣壳蛋白(NP)相互作用,而且NP蛋白是病毒RNA聚合酶(RNP)的一个重要组成部分。在L16和117这两个位点的突变会导致NP蛋白不再与V蛋白的N端结构域相互作用。这些结果暗示了NP蛋白和V蛋白的N端结构域的相互作用对V蛋白的N端结构域抑制病毒自身RNA的合成起到了至关重要的作用。V蛋白的N端和C端这两个结构域都能抑制病毒RNA的复制。C端结构域能够抑制病毒RNA的转录,然而N端结构域却能增强病毒RNA的转录,暗示了这两个结构域可以通过不同的机理来影响病毒RNA的转录。有趣的是,V蛋白同样能够抑制其他副黏液病毒的RNA的合成,比如尼帕病毒(NiV)、人副流感病毒3(HPIV3)、麻疹病毒(MeV)、腮腺炎病毒(MuV)和呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)。这些结果都暗示了可能存在一个共同的宿主因子对这些副黏液病毒的复制起着关键的作用。
【Abstract】 Paramyxoviruses include many important animal and human pathogens. The genome of parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), a prototypical paramyxovirus, encodes a V protein that inhibits viral RNA synthesis. In this work, the mechanism of inhibition was investigated. Using mutational analysis and a minigenome system, we identified regions in the N and C termini of the V protein that inhibit viral RNA synthesis:one at the very N terminus of V and the second at the C terminus of V. Furthermore, we determined that residues L16 and I17 are critical for the inhibitory function of the N-terminal region of the V protein. Both regions interact with the nucleocapsid protein (NP), an essential component of the viral RNA genome complex (RNP). Mutations at L16 and I17 abolished the interaction between NP and the N-terminal domain of V. This suggests that the interaction between NP and the N-terminal domain plays a critical role in V inhibition of viral RNA synthesis by the N-terminal domain. Both the N- and C-terminal regions inhibited viral RNA replication. The C terminus inhibited viral RNA transcription, while the N- terminal domain enhanced viral RNA transcription, suggesting that the two domains affect viral RNA through different mechanisms. Interestingly, V also inhibited the synthesis of the RNA of other paramyxoviruses, such as Nipah virus (NiV), human parainfluenza virus 3 (HPIV3), measles virus (MeV), mumps virus (MuV), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). This suggests that a common host factor may be involved in the replication of these paramyxoviruses.
【Key words】 PIV5; V protein; RNA synthesis; paramyxoviruses; replication; transcription;