【作者】 罗军；

【导师】 程建军；

【作者基本信息】 华南理工大学 ， 建筑历史与理论， 2017， 博士

【摘要】 深圳是我国改革开放后城市化进程高速发展的一个缩影。38年间,深圳经历了多中心节点、建成区全覆盖和城市更新等阶段,城市建设和发展取得巨大成就。在中国现、当代城市规划建设的发展历程中,深圳具有特殊的典型意义,研究深圳城市演进历史,对理解上世纪以来中国城市的建设和发展,探索城市演变规律具有重要的现实意义和理论价值。城市是多层次、自相似、动态的开放复杂巨系统,其形成机制、形态特征及形态演进是复杂系统科学研究的重要组成部分,城市物质空间形态是城市复杂巨系统的子系统。本文将“物质要素空间演化”转化为“地表平面投影斑块演化”,即通过建立平面尺度等级、形态中枢、平面演进类型等概念,借以研究城市物质形态的平面格局演进,分析历史上一切人工构(建)筑物在城市地表投影所形成的图像斑块集合,建立城市形态的动态研究和静态分析的理论和方法。研究的主要内容是通过分析平面格局演进,揭示深圳在物理上如何逐渐生长而成。城市形态要素种类繁多、数量巨大,如何全面、整体、系统地研究其脉络,如何构建一套叙述逻辑、研究框架、分析方法是本文要解决的核心问题。本文致力于以下两个研究目标,一是把深圳城市建设活动形成的物质要素及其相互关系作为研究对象,揭示城市空间发展脉络和表现形式;二是通过构建城市形态平面格局研究的方法、原理和叙事框架,创建城市和城市群形态演进的图像化表达。本文在系统学、复杂学等基础理论上,借鉴康泽恩学派“平面格局”形态分析方法,景观生态学“基质、斑块、廊道”空间表达模式,分析城市形态自相似特征,建立图式概念,构建出多尺度层次的形态地图研究框架,形成了描述、理解、判断、分析形态演进的理论和方法。城市在不同尺度下具有自相似性,城市演进是由小尺度等级递归到大尺度等级的过程,等级是城市自然演进呈现的现象,正是城市演进具备等级特征,任何尺度等级的形态过程可完全分类为扩张、收缩和更迭,由这三种分类交织出城市的不同形态演进。任何形态过程完成后,只能转化为其它两种方式,所以,静态的形态描述可转化为动态的形态过程分析。运用形态(过程)类型和形态中枢两种概念和方法可以分析和解释城市形态演进。在不同尺度等级下,运用不同比例尺的形态地图进行多层次表达,则形态演进更便于分析和理解。本文在不同尺度下对平面格局演进进行透视,在每一个尺度下都有局部到整体的历时性研究。从岭南到珠三角大尺度范围,再依次到深圳全域范围、深圳特区范围、城市核心区、核心区的中心区,进而到1-2平方公里的复合区域,最后对建筑和街区进行研究。纵观多尺度层次,宏观与微观、整体与局部、表象与动因、历时与共时的多维关系得以诠释,深圳城市形态格局及其演进过程与特征得以清晰呈现。更多还原

【Abstract】 Shenzhen is an epitome of the rapid urbanization after the Reform and Opening-up Policy in China.During the 38 years,Shenzhen has fully undergone developing phases of multi-center,built-up areas covering the whole city and urban renewals,and gained great achievements in urban construction and development.The city of Shenzhen has special meaning in the development of modern and contemporary urban planning and construction.Thus,it is of important practical and theoretical significance to research the evolution of Shenzhen for understanding construction and development of Chinese cities in the last century as well as exploring urban evolution regularity of Shenzhen and other cities in China.City is a multi-tiered,self-similar,dynamic,open and complex macrosystem,and its formation mechanism,morphology characteristics and aromorphosis are vital parts of scientific researches on complex systems.The urban physical-spatial system is the subsystem of the macrosystem of city.This paper has converted the evolution of the material elements of physical-spatial system into the transmutation of plaques on the plane,which means,researching planar pattern evolution of urban material morphology by creating conceptions of plane-dimension scale,morphological core,planar evolution type,establishing theory and methods of dynamic research and static analysis about urban morphology by analyzing the assemblage plaques formed by all artificial structures’ and buildings’ projections.The thesis aims to recover the physical growing process of Shenzhen through analyzing the planar pattern evolution,and deal with the core issues,which mean studying its growing vein completely and systematically,and building a set of narrative logic,research framework and analysis methods in the context of wide varieties and enormous amount of factors effecting urban morphology.The paper is dedicated to two research goals: the first one is to clarify the urban space development venation and manifestation by researching material elements and its relationship formed during the process of Shenzhen’s urban construction;the second one is to construct methods,principles and narrative framework for urban morphological pattern research and create an image expression way for the evolution of urban and urban clusters.On the basis of systematics and complex science,and by learning from the Town-Plan Analysis of M.R.G.Conzen and Matrix-patch-corridor model,this paper strives to form theories and methods to describe,understand,judge and analyze the aromorphosis of urban space by means of analyzing urban from self--similarity,establishing image conception and building multi-scale morphological mapping research framework.Cities at different scales have self-similarity,and city evolution is a process growing from a small scale grade to a large one,during which the scale grade is a natural phenomena.various-grade morphological processes,right out of this grading character,can be completely classified as expansion,contraction,and alternation,and the combination of the three classifications defines the different morphological processes of cities.Once finished,one process can only turn into the other two,and,thus,static description can be converted into dynamic analysis.The concepts--morphological process type and form-central--can be used to analyze and explain the evolution of urban form,and it is quite easy to analyze and understand the morphological evolution,by using different scale morphological maps for multi-level expression in different scale grades.The paper scans the planar pattern evolution at different scales,and makes diachronic study from the local to the whole at every scale,including Lingnan to the Pearl River Delta,the whole Shenzhen city,the special administrative region of Shenzhen,the central area and the core,and then the compound areas within 1 to 2 square kilometers,blocks and buildings at last.By doing so,the multi-dimensional relationships,such as macro and micro,whole and part,presentation and cause,and diachronic and synchronic,are explained,and the patterns,the evolution processes and characteristics of Shenzhen are clearly presented.更多还原