【作者】 郭亮；

【导师】 武玉；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学技术大学 ， 核能科学与工程， 2017， 博士

【摘要】 聚变能因清洁、安全、原料储量丰富等特点成为解决人类能源问题的一条重要途径。迄今为止,世界上最大可控核聚变试验反应堆—ITER,由7个国家/地区共同组建。中国作为参与方之一,在吸收和消化ITER关键制造技术的同时,也在开展自己的聚变实验堆建设(CFETR)。中心螺管线圈(Central Solenoid Coil)作为CFETR的关键部件之一,需满足最高达12T的磁场及每秒上T的磁场变化率的要求。因为我国没有中心螺管线圈制造经验,所以我们提出了开展CFETRCS模型线圈关键技术的研究工作,即采用与CFETR CS原型线圈相同结构的CICC绕制成的CS模型线圈,确保和CFETR CS线圈具有相同的科学目标和物理参数。在完成CFETRCS模型线圈的研制后,对模型线圈进行一系列的实验来评估模型线圈的性能。而测试实验需要建立一个大型低温测试平台,平台包括大型真空室及内置部件、低温系统、电源系统、电流引线、传输线等。针对低温测试平台的真空室和传输线,本文进行了较为详细的结构设计和强度分析研究工作。真空室是CFETRCS模型线圈低温测试平台的主要部件之一,主要作用是为测试线圈、冷屏等低温部件提供一个高真空、近似绝热的工作环境。真空室的结构设计需满足设计要求,且考虑到结构件一般设计准则和材料使用条件等,主要包括:壁厚值的理论计算和评估、连接法兰设计和强度评估以及开孔补强结构设计。根据真空室正常运行或发生故障时所遇到的状况,研究真空室所承受的载荷类型和大小(主要为重力载荷、压力载荷以及地震载荷),对真空室在不同载荷组成的工况下进行了详细的应力分析计算和强度评估。从分析结果来看,真空室的结构设计是合理的、安全可靠的。真空室主要内置部件为冷屏和结构支撑。针对设计要求,材料为304不锈钢。选用合适尺寸的冷屏和结构支撑在保证冷屏和结构支撑机械强度的同时,也要保证两者的漏热量在一定可接受范围。对冷屏和结构支撑在不同载荷组成的工况下进行了详细的应力分析计算和强度评估。且在"最苛刻"的工况下,冷屏和结构支撑的最大应力值均满足材料的强度要求,冷屏和结构支撑的结构设计符合要求。传输线作为CFETRCS模型线圈低温测试平台的重要组成部分,主要用于连接高温超导电流引线和测试线圈,实现测试线圈的励磁电流传输。传输线从材料选择、电绝缘设计、低温位移补偿设计、支撑设计以及外真空管和冷屏设计等几个方面进行结构设计。对传输线在不同载荷组成的工况下进行了详细的应力分析计算和强度评估,且在"最糟糕"的工况下,传输线的不锈钢铠甲和绝缘层的最大等效应力值均满足材料的应力许用值,传输线的结构设计也是合理的、安全可靠的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nuclear fusion as a clean,safe and resource-rich ideal energy is one of the important ways to solve human energy problems.So far,the international thermonuclear experimental reactor(ITER),built by even countries/areas together,will be the greatest controllable nuclear fusion device in the world.China,which is one of the participants,does not only take part in the program and absorb the ITER device Manufacturing Technology,but also has been starting to design Chinese fusion experimental reactor(CFETR).The Central solenoid(CS)coil,which is a key component to the CFETR,should bear up to 12T magnetic field and more than 1T/s magnetic ramp rate in the work condition.The key technology research work should be performed by using the CS prototype coil with the same scientific target and physical parameter of CFETR CS coil because of the CS coil never manufactured in China.There are series of test should be done to evaluate the model coil properties when the model coil is manufactured.So it is necessary to build a large cryogenic test platform for the test work.And the base installation includes the cryostat with its affiliated parts,the cryogenic system,the power supply system,the current lead,the feeder and so on.The article focuses on the detailed structural design and analysis work of the cryostat with its affiliated parts and the feeder.The cryostat,one of most important part of the test platform,is used to provide the high vacuum and approximate adiabatic work environment for the test coil,the thermal shield and so on.The cryostat structural design should be done based on the design requirements,general mechanical design criterion and materials work condition,including the cryostat wall thickness calculation in theory,the design of connecting flanges and the opening reinforcement design.The stress analysis and strength evaluation work is carried out in the normal or fault conditions which are consisted of different loads.The stress value is lower than the allowable stresses of materials in accordance with analysis results,and then the cryostat structure is reasonable,safe and reliable.The cryostat affiliated parts are the thermal shield and structural supports which are made of stainless steel 304.The thermal shield and structural supports have the suitable size and shape to make sure that they have enough mechanical strength and the heat loss in an acceptable level.The stress analysis and strength evaluation work is done in the conditions which are consisted of different loads.The stress value is lower than the allowable stresses of materials in worst condition,and then the thermal shield and structural supports structure is completely conforms to the design requests.The feeder,as the important part of the test platform,is used to connect the current lead and test coil for transfer the current.The feeder structural design has been done with some considerations such as the material,the electric insulation design,the displacement compensation design in the low temperature,the support design,the vacuum pipe and thermal shield design.The stress analysis and strength evaluation work is done in the conditions which are consisted of different loads.The stress values of the steel jacket and insulation layer are lower than the allowable stresses of materials in worst condition,and then the feeder structure is also reasonable and conforms to the design requests.更多还原