【作者】 张惠丽；

【导师】 王成军；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2015， 博士

【摘要】 文化产业发展具有重要的战略地位,文化产业集群发展是文化产业发展的有效途径。文化产业集群相对而言发展较慢、研究欠缺,对其研究可以借鉴传统产业集群的基本理论和方法,却不能照搬其他产业集群的发展模式。论文正是基于文化产业的特殊性,借鉴一般制造业和传统服务业集群理论,运用自组织理论、统计学、系统动力学等基本理论和方法,基于文化产业集群生命周期和文化产业链探讨文化产业集群演化动力机制,寻找文化产业集群可持续发展路径。论文研究内容包括以下几个方面。(1)剖析文化产业集群结构,探析文化产业集群的演化过程。首先,基于文化产业园区空间分布分析文化产业集群的空间结构;基于文化产业分类、文化产业集群主体和环境等分析文化产业集群的层次结构;基于文化产业知识链和文化产业集群创新主体分析集群创新网络结构;基于三角化方法分析文化产业集群的供应链网络结构。然后实例分析文化旅游产业集群的空间结构和产业链结构,归纳文化产业集群的产业链结构特点、集群知识特点和空间分布特点。最后,基于文化产业链结构分析文化产业集群演化的横向集聚、纵向集聚和网络集聚过程以及结构演化趋势。(2)探析文化产业集群演化动力形成机制。首先,指出文化产业集群不同演化阶段的演化动力。其次,基于自组织理论分析文化产业集群演化动力形成机理。自组织演化机制在文化产业集群发展不同阶段体现为企业衍生机制、竞合机制和创新机制。企业衍生机制有利于扩大集群规模效应,降低成本,同时可以促进知识溢出;竞争和合作机制通过合作促进知识溢出、通过竞争激励创新;协同机制可以从不同层面上促进产生文化产业集聚效应、集群效应和协同效应,创新机制有利于集群积累人力资本和知识资本。总之,动力机制的作用结果形成了集群演化动力,推进了文化产业集群的形成和发展。(3)基于文化产业集群动力因素及其作用机理解析文化产业集群演化动力作用机制。首先,基于产业链理论、统计学方法筛选文化产业集群演化影响因素,其次通过系统动力学模型中的正反馈作用机制确认文化产业集群演化动力因素。文化产业集群动力因素可以分为外源性动力因素和内生性动力因素,这些动力因素形成了一个具有4级的多级递阶网络结构,通过正反馈回路作用路径形成了文化产业集群演化的动力。(4)实证分析陕西省文化产业集群动力机制。陕西省文化产业发展以西安为核心,形成“关中综合文化产业带”、“陕北红色文化产业带”、“陕南生态旅游文化产业带”三大文化产业带。陕西文化产业集群处于稳定成长阶段,呈现文化资源丰富,但创新不足;政策全面,但受惠面窄;市场文化消费需求潜力巨大,但挖掘不足;文化产业集群发展总体协调,但区域发展严重失衡;投融资难问题逐步缓解,但依旧突出;综合型管理人才培养逐步加强,但仍然严重匮乏等一系列特征。陕西省文化产业集群动力因素在企业衍生机制、竞合机制和协同发展机制作用下形成了集群演化动力包括吸聚效应、知识溢出效应和协同效应。(5)探索文化产业集群发展路径。陕西省文化产业集群发展存在的问题归结为他组织动力没有发挥应有的作用以及自组织动力培育不足。文化产业集群结构演化特征和演化动力决定了文化产业集群发展应注意通过文化产业链纵向协同加强他组织演化动力和横向协同强化自组织演化动力。文化产业链横向协同通过生产协同、分工协同、市场协同和资源协同降低集群内企业生产、交易成本;文化产业链纵向协同通过竞争协同、文化协同和制度协同保护知识产权、促进知识溢出;文化产业链网状协同通过产业协同、创新协同以及同环境协同发展,促进文化产业链整合、集群创新和可持续发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cultural industry development has an important strategic position and cultural industry cluster is an effective way to develop cultural industries. Compared with other industrial clusters, cultural industry cluster develops slowly and lacks research. Study of cultural industry cluster can learn the basic theory and methods of traditional industrial clusters,but its development path can not copy the development model of other industrial clusters. Therefore, based on the special nature and life cycle of cultural industries, the paper learns cluster theory of general manufacturing and traditional service, use basic theory and methods of self-organization、statistics, system dynamics, etc. to explore the dynamic evolution and find sustainable development path of cultural industry clusters.(1) Dissects cultural industry structure and analyzes evolution process. Firstly, the paper analyzes cultural industry spatial structure on the base of spatial distribution of cultural industrial park, cultural industry hierarchy based of cultural industry classification, cluster body and the environment, cluster innovation network structure on the base of knowledge chain and innovation body of cultural industry and supply chain network structure of cultural industry clusters based of triangulation method, empirical analyzes spatial structure and chain structure of cultural tourism industry cluster and generalizes cultural industry chain structural features, cluster knowledge characteristics and spatial distribution characteristics. Secondly, the paper analyzes lateral, longitudinal, mesh gathering and evolutionary trends of cultural industry cluster.(2) Analyzes evolution dynamic formation mechanism of cultural industrial cluster.Firstly, the paper indicates evolution power of cultural industry cluster.Secondly, the paper analyzes formation mechanism of cluster evolution power based of self-organization theory. Self-organizing evolutionary mechanism includes of enterprise derivative mechanism, competition and cooperation mechanism and collaborative innovation mechanism. Enterprise derivative mechanism can expand cluster of scale, reduce costs and facilitate knowledge spillovers. Competition and cooperation mechanism encourages knowledge spillover by the way of cooperation and promotes innovation through competition. Coordination mechanisms can promote cluster effect in different levels. Innovative mechanism contributes to accumulate human capital and knowledge capital of cultural industrial cluster. In short, dynamic mechanism forms cluster evolution impetus to promote the formation and development of cultural industry clusters.(3) Analyzes evolution dynamic action mechanism of cultural industrial cluster on the base of power factor and its action mechanism. Firstly, the paper screens power factors of cultural industrial cluster based of statistics and chain theory. Secondly, the paper discerns power factors of cultural industrial cluster based on positive feedback mechanism of system dynamics model. Power factors of cultural industrial cluster include internal and external power factors. These factors form a four-level hierarchical network structure and forms evolution power of cultural industry cluster by positive feedback loop.(4) Empirically analyzes cultural industry cluster dynamic mechanism of Shaanxi Province. Cultural industry in Shaanxi Province is around Xi?an city and constitutes comprehensive cultural industry belt in Guanzhong area, red cultural industry tape in north of Shaanxi and eco-tourism cultural industry tape in south of Shaanxi. Cultural industry cluster development in Shaanxi is in a stable growth stage and has some characters for example it has rich cultural resources but lacks innovation, has comprehensive policies but benefits few enterprises, has great potential in market demand of cultural consumption but lacks mining, develops in overall coordination but has a serious imbalance in regional development, still has investment problem and serious shortage of integrated management talents. Through enterprise derivative mechanism, competition and cooperation mechanism and collaborative innovation mechanism, power factors promote the formation of cluster effect such as poly suction effect, knowledge spillover and synergies..(5) Explores the development path of cultural industry cluster. Development problems of cultural industry cluster in Shaanxi Province are short of self-organizing power and other power does not play its role generally. Structure characters and evolution power of cultural industrial cluster cause that development of cultural industrial cluster should pay attention to the cultural industry chain vertical and horizontal collaboration to strength its evolution power. Division coordination, resource coordination, production coordination and marketing collaboration promote to reduce costs. Institutional coordination and competition collaboration are helpful to protect Intellectual property and encourage knowledge spillover. Innovation coordination and collaborative development with the environment promote integration of cultural industry chain, cluster innovation and sustainable development.更多还原