【作者】 鞠光宇；

【导师】 秦惠民；

【作者基本信息】 中国人民大学 ， 教育经济与管理， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 近几十年来,营利性高等教育组织的出现和发展是很多国家私立高等教育领域中最为重要的现象之一,这种现象的出现引发了很大争议,不同的国家对营利性高等教育组织采取了不同的态度,学者之间存在较大分歧。在我国,民办高等教育组织能否营利的问题亦成为影响我国民办高等教育发展最为重要的政策选择之一,不同学者持有不同见解,立法者中间也存在很大分歧,致使《民办教育促进法》历经四次审议才得以通过,成为我国立法史上较为罕见的现象。那么私立高等教育组织可否区分为营利性与非营利性两类呢?如果可以,营利性高等教育组织适合提供何种类型的高等教育呢?政府应该如何监管营利性高等教育组织的办学行为,才能保证其健康发展呢?为了解决这些问题,本文选取了12所具有代表性的国外营利性高等教育组织作为分析对象,以交易成本理论为理论基础,对营利性高等教育组织办学模式进行了案例研究和理论分析。第一章在分析世界很多国家营利性高等教育组织出现和发展的基础上,概括了由于营利性高等教育组织的出现和发展,不同国家所采取的不同态度和国内外学者的不同见解,阐释了本研究的选题意义和研究思路。第二章简单介绍了组织理论的发展和交易成本理论的基本内容、分析了交易成本理论对教育组织的适用性、高等教育领域的交易费用种类及其计算,高等教育组织为社会提供的教育产品类型和围绕着这些产品所进行的三种基本类型的交易,构建了本研究的理论框架。第三章介绍了典型的营利性高等教育组织,总结分析了营利性高等教育组织产生和发展的一般规律,并与私立非营利性高等教育组织进行了一定比较。第四章在对营利性高等教育组织使命界定和专业设置特点进行研究的基础上,分析了营利性高等教育组织提供的教育产品种类和相应的交易类型。第五章对营利性高等教育组织教学产品生产过程特点研究的基础上,对营利性高等教育组织教学产品生产过程进行了理论分析,探讨了营利性高等教育组织办学模式能够降低以应用知识为导向的教学产品生产过程中交易成本的原因,并分析了这种办学模式能否降低以创造知识为导向的教学产品和科学研究产品生产过程中的交易成本。第六章在对营利性高等教育组织教学产品交易过程特点研究的基础上,对营利性高等教育组织教学产品交易过程进行了理论分析,并针对营利性高等教育组织办学模式的缺陷,分析了政府和高等教育认证机构应该如何监管营利性高等教育组织的办学行为,才能保证营利性高等教育组织的健康发展。第七章对营利性高等教育组织办学模式进行了整体分析,评析了国内外学者的不同观点,并探讨了营利性高等教育组织在高等教育体系中的地位问题。通过研究,本研究得出了三个基本研究结论:1、营利性高等教育组织办学模式只适用于提供以应用知识为导向的教学产品,而不适用于提供以创造知识为导向的教学产品和科学研究产品。2、营利性高等教育组织办学模式存在着一定的缺陷、可能危害社会利益,需要政府和高等教育认证机构根据其办学模式的特点进行严格和恰当的监管。3、营利性高等教育办学模式能够吸收社会上大量的投资性资金,而且能够与其他高等教育组织进行大规模的资源交换,短时间内可以为社会提供大量以应用知识为导向的教学产品。如果政府和高等教育认证机构对营利性高等教育组织的办学行为进行严格和恰当的监管,营利性高等教育组织会成为提供以应用知识为导向的教学产品的一种高等教育组织形式。本文针对营利性高等教育组织办学模式可能存在的危害社会利益的三个方面提出了相应的监管措施建议。最后,本文结合营利性高等教育组织办学模式的规律和我国民办高等教育的现实,提出了三项政策建议:第一,民办高等教育立法和政策制定应该基于我国大部分民办高校是投资办学的现实;第二,民办高等教育立法和政策制定应该在建立在对营利性高等教育组织办学模式客观评价基础上,而非单纯否定或者简单肯定;第三,应将我国民办高校分为营利性和非营利性两类,针对营利性民办高校办学模式的特点建立相应的管理制度。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, many for-profit higher education organizations emerge in many countries around the world, however, the phenomena caused many arguments among states and scholars.Not only opinions are different in many countries, but also different among scholars. In china, the policy choice of whether private higher education organizations should run for profit also become one of the key problem which affect the healthy development of china private higher education. Different opinions aroused among scholars and legislators which made the China Private Education Promotion Law difficultly passed only after four procedures which is a very rare phenomena in china legislation history. Can for-profit higher education organization exit? Which kind of education product they can offer? How should the government and accreditation organizations to regulate them to make them develop in the right routine?To solve these problems, the essay selected 12 typical for-profit higher education organizations as the research targets and analyzed them based on transaction theory. The first chapter summarizes the different attitudes and opinions between different scholars and states based on the development of for-profit higher education organizations and introduce the importance and way of this research. The second chapter introduces the transaction costs theory briefly and analyzes the reasons that it can be applied to analyze education organizations. Besides this chapter also analyze the products higher education organizations can offer to society and type and calculation of transaction costs in higher education.The fourth chapter analyzes the products for-profit education organizations offer to society based on the study of the missions and programs of for-profit higher education organizations.The fifth chapter analyzes the reasons the mechanism of for-profit higher education organizations can lower the transaction costs in producing career oriented education products,besides also analyze whether it be applied to producetheory oriented education products. The sixth chapter analyzes the process to deliver education products based on the study of the typical for-profit higher education organizations and offer three measures to regulate the defects of for-profit higher education organizations to make them develop in the right routine. The seventh chapter analyzes the mechanism of for-profit higher education organizations as a body and evaluates the different opinions of different scholars within and abroad,besides also analyzes the position of for-profit higher education organization in higher education system.Finally, based on the mechanism of for-profit higher education organizations and the reality of china private higher education,the essay suggests that the stipulation of china higher education law and policy drafting should base on the reality that most china private higher education institutions are for-profit,the legislators and policy drafters should evaluate the for-profit higher education organizations objectively and should separate the for-profit higher education organizations from non-for-profit higher education organizations,finally offering suggestions laws and policies to be draft to regulate for-profit private higher education organizations in the future.更多还原