【作者】 陈彩虹；

【导师】 朱桂龙；

【作者基本信息】 华南理工大学 ， 企业管理， 2015， 博士

【摘要】 产学研合作对推动国家和地区的创新发展具有至关重要的作用,并已成为大学科研合作发展的趋势,对大学学科建设、科学研究、人才培养等目标产生积极的影响。产学研合作侧重应用研究,其与大学科学研究目标存在一定的差异,这种差异导致产学研合作中存在一定的问题：一方面,大学以学术为主的考核机制影响学者参与产学研合作的动力；另一方面,产学研合作偏重于解决企业具体的产品问题,合作重心过于下移,损害大学科学研究的长期目标,不利于产学研合作的长效运行。产学研合作实践中存在忽略大学主体目标的问题,学术界的研究也多关注产学研合作对企业技术创新的促进作用,对产学研合作对大学目标的影响关注较少。大学主体目标的实现是产学研合作可持续、良性运转的保证。基于上述认识,论文拟从学者绩效入手,分析产学研合作对大学目标的影响。学者在产学研中形成了合作网络。从案例中可以看出,产学研合作网络中,学者居于不同的网络位置,拥有不同的网络权力和资源控制能力,绩效表现存在差异。论文拟从网络视角分析产学研合作中学者行为与绩效的差异,具体探讨如下问题：(1)产学研网络连接特征?不同连接类型对学者绩效的影响?(2)合作网络中学者的社会资本、个体能力等因素对其绩效的影响?在分析和总结已有文献基础上,论文首先基于组织间二元连接网络理论,分析不同产学研连接网络类型的信息传递特征及其在创新过程中的作用,并探讨不同网络类型对学者绩效的影响；接着,通过探索性案例研究,分析了产学研合作网络中学者社会资本差异、及合作对学者学术绩效的影响；在案例研究基础上,论文结合理论分析构建了产学研合作网络与学者绩效关系的分析模型。最后,基于专利、论文等二手数据,对所提出的假设进行检验。研究分析表明：产学研合作对网络中不同地位的学者影响存在差异：①学者与产业界的技术合作越多,对其学术绩效不会产生正向的影响。当学者与产业界有较多的合作时,来自产业界的知识会加深学者对技术的理解,但是产学研合作占用了学者学术研究上的精力,对其学术绩效可能带来负向的影响；②当学者在产学研合作网络处于中介位置时,产学研合作对其学术绩效产生正向的影响。处于产学研合作网络中介位置的学者往往是高校科研团队的核心人物,其扮演连接产业界和学术界的角色,具备在技术知识和科学知识之间自由转换的能力、且资源控制能力强,因而能取得较高的学术绩效；产学研合作网络中存在“弱连接”与“强连接”二元网络类型,两种网络类型在信息传递和交流层次上具有不同的特点,在创新过程中发挥不同的作用。“强连接”网络需要学者投入更多的时间和精力进行项目合作,对学者学术绩效可能产生负向的影响。具体实践中,针对创新过程不同阶段的特征,结合“弱连接”与“强连接”二元网络,是产学研项目成功的关键。产学研合作网络在不同的行业中呈现不同的合作紧密程度,不同行业知识来源不同,如“药物”、“生物技术”和“材料”等基于科学知识的行业,学者的学术研究和产学研合作易于同步协调发展,产学研合作产生的专利相比其他行业占较大的比重。总体而言,本研究主要表现为以下几方面的研究贡献：(1)利用案例和二手数据,分析产学研合作对学者绩效反向影响过程,补充现有产学研对高校主体目标影响的相关研究。(2)利用专利和论文数据度量学者产学研合作网络,分析学者在网络中的地位和行为差异,并实证产学研合作网络对学者绩效的影响。(3)分析产学研合作网络连接信息传递与交流层次的特征,归纳其二元连接属性,分析其在创新过程不同阶段所发挥的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 University-Industry cooperation is important for national innovation system. And it has become important part of university’s research cooperation. Whatmore it deeply impact on university’s objects, such as academic research, discipline construction and talent cultivation. But University-Industry cooperation mainly focus on applied research, different from the objective of academic research, which lead to some problem. On one hand, university’s assessment mechanism is academically-oriented, which influence the scholars motivation to participate in U-I cooperation. On the other hand, U-I cooperation focused on the solution of specific product issues, which damage the long-term goals of research study and not conductive to the long-term running of the U-I cooperation. In practice people always ignore the development of university in U-I cooperation. In existing literature, many of them concerned the promotion of U-I cooperation to enterprise innovation, few of them take care of the effection on university’s objection. The achievement of objects keep research independence of university, and guarantee running of U-I cooperation. For university’s objects are realized by scholars. We will analysis the effect of U-I cooperation on the goals of University from the perspective of academic performance.Network formed when cooperate. From case study, we can see that scholars live in different position in the cooperative network which due to diverse network power and resource control capability. Scholars appear different performance in network. We discuss the following question base on social network theory:1st, the character of U-I links and its effection on scholar performance; 2nd, which factor affect academic performance in network, such as type of link, social capital and individual cabability and so on.After systematically summarized recent literature, we began our study as follow steps: Firstly, base on inter-organization dual network, we analysis the character of U-I network and try to find out how to integrate dual-network between university and industry in cooperation, which type of network will affect scholar’s perfomance; Secondly, we study the case of six scholars’U-I cooperation to observe U-I cooperative network and find out the association between research topic and U-I project by the interview and articles-analysis. Thirdly, we try to find out network character and individual factors that affect scholar’s performance. Finally, we analysis characters of U-I network and U-I network on scholar performance base on patent and article data.Drawing on the above research, our conclusion can be presented as follows:U-I cooperation have different effection on scholar’s performance with different network indication: ①When scholar is active in U-I cooperation, knowledge from industry will deepen his or her understanding of technology, as reflected in his or her technical performance is improving. However, its effection on academic performance is not positive.② It is Mediation Center in U-I cooperative network that affect scholar’s academic performance. Scholors with high Mediation Center in U-I cooperative network always play key role of linking industry and academia. Because of his or her unique intermediary position, he or she can freely integrated the technical knowledge and the scientific knowledge. So cooperation with industry can enhance his or her academic performance. Which proved that the effection of U-I cooperation on scholars with different status is different.Channels between university and industy have different properties of "weak-link" and "strong-link ", and play different roles in the process of technological innovation, which should be differently monitor. Strong network of U-I cooperation require scholars to devote more time and effort on projects, so it may have a negative impatct on scholar’s research output. Use science and technology resources from university accord to characteristics of differently stages of the innovation process is the key to success of U-I cooperation.U-I cooperative networks of different industries exhibit different characteristics. In some industry, such as pharmaceutical, biotechnology and materials, their development base on scientific knowledge. Scholar’s academic research and U-I cooperation can synchronously develop. Patent from U-I cooperation accounted for a large proportion.Our research contributions are listed as following:Firstly, we study the reverse effect of U-I cooperation on scholar performance; Secondly, we develop empirical research of network influence on scholars with different status base on patent data. Finally, we reveal the difference of network links in information transfer and communication, and discuss how to combine different links in U-I cooperation.更多还原