【作者】 刘春艳；

【导师】 王伟；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 情报学， 2016， 博士

【摘要】 党的“十八大”以来,我国把创新驱动、提升自主创新能力作为国家发展的重要战略。习近平在2014年两院院士大会上讲话强调,大力开展协同创新,形成促进自主创新的强大合力。协同创新的主要运作形式是产学研协同创新,因此产学研协同创新已经成为创新型国家提高自主创新能力的全新组织模式,它是整合创新资源、提高创新效率的有效途径。产学研协同创新组织中,协同创新团队是保证其协同创新活动成功开展的关键。目前,我国产学研协同创新团队多数是以协同创新中心为依托,以承担国家或地区战略发展需求和重大科技任务为目的,以推动科学研究、人才培养、产业创新为目标,从事与科技创新相关的知识创造性活动,比一般知识密集型组织更强调知识创新。产学研协同创新团队内部成员间的知识在流动中不断增值,通过知识转移来实现资源互补、协同发展,知识在各个成员之间能否顺畅流动决定了产学研协同创新能力的大小。因此,知识转移是产学研协同创新活动的本质,是产学研协同创新活动的必要过程。知识转移的成功有效推动了高校、科研院所的科学研究和人才培养水平以及企业的创新能力,带动了区域经济的快速发展乃至全国经济的发展速度,对我国国家创新系统的形成和发展具有重大意义。但是,科学认识产学研协同创新中知识转移的规律,并在实践中驾驭它并非易事。通过文献调研和实地调研发现,目前在我国产学研协同创新团队中,团队成员之间的知识分享和知识吸收普遍存在一定的困难与障碍,既制约了知识转移活动效果,也影响了团队协同创新水平。因此,急需解决如何提高我国产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移的效能问题。本文基于知识协同、复杂性科学、团队效能等理论和思想,采用结构方程建模的研究方法,以产学研协同创新团队为研究对象,系统研究团队内部知识转移的影响机理。本研究丰富和发展了产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移活动的理论和观点,对产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移的实践提供了可行性建议和参考。本文主要研究内容包括:借鉴团队的定义并结合产学研协同创新的含义,界定了产学研协同创新团队的概念,并从目标层面、操作层面、组织层面阐述了产学研协同创新团队的内涵和特征;科学界定了产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移的含义,从任务复杂性、转移主体之间的知识深度与宽度、转移的知识特性、团队内部信任关系的建立时间、多重调控等方面分析了产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移的独特特点。依据系统论的思想分析产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移系统的耗散结构特征,构建产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移系统的熵变模型,分析知识转移系统的耗散结构演化;以此为基础,基于耗散结构理论构建了产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移过程模型,分析知识转移构成要素和主要过程,揭示产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移的实质。以团队效能理论和复杂性科学为基本思想,提出产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移影响机理的“I-P-O”理论模型;对各研究变量维度进行科学界定,构建知识转移影响机理的概念模型;分析各个影响因素对知识转移效能的影响程度与方式,确定研究变量之间的假设关系,构建本研究的假设模型。在国内外相关文献研究基础上,设计产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移影响机理的初始测量问题;采用小规模深度访谈的方法对初始量表进行必要的定性修订,通过小样本预先调查对初始测量量表进行信度和效度的定量评估;在定性修订与定量评估的基础上,构建产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移影响机理的正式量表。运用正式测量量表,选取调查对象进行问卷发放与回收,通过数据分析对产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移影响机理进行实证检验,主要包括:实证数据的描述性统计分析,分析方法的介绍和统计分析软件的选取,测量模型验证,结构模型验证;汇总实证研究结果并进行讨论。最后,从产学研协同创新团队的微观视角、产学研各组织的中观视角、政府相关部门的宏观视角,立体化全方位地提出产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移效能的优化策略。本文的主要学术贡献在于:基于耗散结构理论构建了产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移过程模型,揭示了产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移的实质;基于团队效能理论和复杂性科学的思想构建了产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移影响机理的理论模型,分析了知识转移系统中各输入要素如何通过知识转移过程中团队互动的中介作用来影响知识转移效能的,并运用PLS结构方程建模方法实证检验了沟通质量、创新支持在产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移影响机理中的中介作用,发现了沟通质量、创新支持对知识转移发挥更大作用的条件;基于实证研究结论,提出产学研协同创新团队内部知识转移效能的优化策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the 18 th National Party Congress, China regards innovation drive and enhancing the ability of independent innovation as an important national development strategy. At the Academicians Conference in 2014, Jinping Xi emphasized that China must invest in collaborative innovation and form a powerful force to promote independent innovation. The main operation mode of collaborative innovation is Industry-University-Research(I-U-R) collaborative innovation, so the I-U-R collaborative innovation has become a new organizational model for innovative country to improve the ability of independent innovation, and it is an effective way to integrate innovative resources and improve the efficiency of innovation. In the I-U-R collaborative innovation organization, collaborative innovation team is the key to ensure the success of its collaborative innovation activities. At present, the majority of Chinese I-U-R collaborative innovation team is based on collaborative innovation center, which undertakes the strategic development needs of the country or region and the major scientific and technological tasks for the purpose, promotes scientific research, personnel training, industrial innovation as the goal, engages in knowledge creation activities related to science and technology innovation, and more emphasis on knowledge innovation than the general knowledge intensive organization.Knowledge among the I-U-R collaborative innovation team members is constantly increasing value in the flow, and I-U-R collaborative innovation team can achieve complementary resources and collaborative development through knowledge transfer. Meantime, the smooth flows of knowledge among the various members determine the collaborative innovation capability. Therefore, knowledge transfer is the essence of collaborative innovation activities, and it is a necessary process of collaborative innovation activities. The success of knowledge transfer effectively promotes the scientific research and personnel training level of universities and scientific research institutes and the innovation ability of enterprises, drives the rapid development of regional economy and the national economy, and it is the great significance for the formation and development of China’s national innovation system.However, it is not easy to understand the rule of knowledge transfer in the I-U-R collaborative innovation, and it is not easy to control it in practice. Through literature research and field research, some difficulties and obstacles in the knowledge sharing and knowledge absorption among team members in the I-U-R collaborative innovation team are found, which not only restrict the effect of knowledge transfer activities, but also affect the level of team collaborative innovation. Therefore, it is urgent to solve the problem of how to improve the internal knowledge transfer efficiency of the collaborative innovation team.Based on the theory and thought of knowledge collaboration, complexity science, and team effectiveness, and using the method of structural equation modeling and taking collaborative innovation team as the research object, the influence mechanism of knowledge transfer within the teams is studied. The study enriches and develops the theory and point of the internal knowledge transfer activities, which provides a feasible suggestion and reference for the practice of internal knowledge transfer in the I-U-R collaborative innovation team.In this paper, the main research contents include six aspects.First of all, reference to the definition of team and the meaning of the I-U-R collaborative innovation, the concept of the I-U-R collaborative innovation team is defined, and the connotation and characteristics of the I-U-R collaborative innovation team are expounded from the target level, operation level and organization level. The definition of knowledge transfer within the I-U-R collaborative innovation team is scientifically defined, and the unique characteristics of knowledge transfer within the I-U-R collaborative innovation team are disussed from the task complexity, knowledge depth and width among the transfer subjects, the knowledge characteristics, the establishment time of the trust relationship within the team and multiple regulation.According to the system theory, the dissipative structure characteristics of the internal knowledge transfer system of the I-U-R collaborative innovation team are analyzed, the entropy change model of the internal knowledge transfer system of the I-U-R collaborative innovation team is constructed, and the dissipative structure evolution of knowledge transfer system is analyzed. Then, based on the dissipative structure theory, the internal knowledge transfer model in the I-U-R collaborative innovation team is built, the elements and main process of knowledge transfer are analyzed, and the essence of the internal knowledge transfer in the I-U-R collaborative innovation team is revealed.Based on the team effectiveness theory and complexity science, the "I-P-O" theory model is proposed to study the influence mechanism of internal knowledge transfer in the I-U-R collaborative innovation team; by scientific definition of the dimensions of the research variables, the concept model of the influence mechanism of knowledge transfer is constructed; and by analyzing the influence degree and the way of each influence factor on the knowledge transfer efficiency to determine the relationship between the research variables, and construct the hypothesis model of this study.Based on the relevant literature research both here and abroad, the initial measurement of the influence mechanism of the internal knowledge transfer in the I-U-R collaborative innovation team is designed; and a small scale depth interview method was used to revise the original scale and through a small sample pre survey to evaluate reliability and validity of the original measurement scale quantitatively; In the end, the formal scale of the influence mechanism of the internal knowledge transfer in the I-U-R collaborative innovation team is built based on qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the revision.Using the formal measurement scale, selecting the object of investigation and distributing and recovering the questionnaires, the influence mechanism of internal knowledge transfer in the I-U-R collaborative innovation team has been empirically verified by the data analysis, including: descriptive statistical analysis of empirical data, introduction of analysis method and the selection of statistical analysis software, measurement model validation, structural model validation; finally, the results of empirical research are summarized and discussed.Finally, From the microscopic view of collaborative innovation team, the medium view of the organization of the I-U-R, amd macroscopic view of government departments, the optimization strategies of the internal knowledge transfer efficiency in the I-U-R collaborative innovation team are proposed in the three dimensional comprehensive perspective.In this paper, the main academic contributions include: based on the dissipative structure theory, the internal knowledge transfer model in the I-U-R collaborative innovation team is built, and the essence of the internal knowledge transfer in the I-U-R collaborative innovation team is revealed; based on the team effectiveness theory and complexity science, the theory model is proposed to study the influence mechanism of internal knowledge transfer in the I-U-R collaborative innovation team which will research the system input factors how to influence the knowledge transfer effectiveness through team interaction intermediary role in the process of knowledge transfer, and using PLS structural equation modeling approach to empirically test the intermediary role of the communication quality and innovation support in knowledge transfer influence mechanism within the I-U-R collaborative innovation team and find the communication quality and innovation support to play a greater role in knowledge transfer; based on the empirical research conclusion, the optimization strategies of the internal knowledge transfer efficiency in the I-U-R collaborative innovation team are proposed.更多还原