【作者】 刚家斌；

【导师】 李慧民；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 土木工程建造与管理， 2015， 博士

【摘要】 墙体是建筑物的重要组成部分之一,在国家提出“建筑材料革新,发展新型建筑材料”并大力发展以节约能源,节约土地,增加使用面积,抗御地震,提高人民居住水平为目标的新型建筑材料的要求下,我国新型墙体材料得到了较快发展。然而,目前大量应用的墙体材料是粘土砖和以水泥为基材的加气砌块,本文研究新型脱硫石膏砌块墙体旨在有效利用工业副产物脱硫石膏生产砌块,广泛应用于建筑物内隔墙中,在改善人类居住环境、变废为宝、环保节能、节约土地资源等方面具有重大的意义。将热电厂产生的大量脱硫石膏(主要成分CaSO4?2H2O)经过处理转化成CaSO4?1/2H2O,以此为基材,添加适当辅料和外加剂,加水搅拌,注入模具中制造成脱硫石膏砌块,其外形为长方体,纵横边缘分别设有榫头和榫槽,再利用专用粘结剂砌筑砌块,形成表面平整的内隔墙。本文主要从以下几个方面进行了研究和探索:(1)论文结合我国有关发展新型墙体的要求,对新型脱硫石膏砌块及墙体进行了详细介绍,对组成脱硫石膏砌块的主要原材料进行分析,并系统介绍了该种砌块的特点;作为新型材料的研究,本文对脱硫石膏砌块在技术性能方面做了深入的研究。(2)深入研究新型脱硫石膏砌块的生产工艺和施工工艺,对生产、运输及施工流程中每一个步骤进行详细的研究和说明,并针对该新型墙体材料特有的施工环节进行深入分析研究,给出相关质量的控制措施;(3)作为新型材料的研究,本文对脱硫石膏砌块墙体性能方面做了深入的研究。通过对脱硫石膏砌块墙体保温隔热性能、墙体隔声性能、墙体防火性能进行研究,论证该种新型墙体材料是否满足绿色节能建筑的要求;通过脱硫石膏砌块墙体的吊挂试验及抗冲击试验,分析研究该种材料作为建筑内隔墙的力学性能;通过对新型脱硫石膏砌块墙体造价分析对比,分析其经济性能,研究该种新型材料推广的经济合理性;(4)为发现该墙体存在的不足和探索该新型墙体的市场推广和应用前景,本文在建立了以“性能”、“技术”、“经济”、“环境”为评价目标的评价指标体系的基础上,运用模糊物元分析理论建立了新型脱硫石膏砌块墙体综合评价模型,并运用层次分析法、专家打分法等确定了评价指标体系中各指标的权重值大小;(5)论文以新型脱硫石膏砌块墙体在西安某项目上的试应用为实例,结合参与各方专家的相关问卷结果,对该墙体进行了综合评价并对评价结果进行分析,以验证该模型的有效性。通过对新型脱硫石膏砌块的各项技术性能指标进行试验分析,结果表明该砌块的技术性能指标均满足国家对石膏砌块的性能指标要求;从新型脱硫石膏砌块墙体的保温隔热、隔音、防火等方面研究表明该墙体符合国家对绿色节能墙体材料的要求;通过对生产及施工工艺的研究,为后期的市场推广应用提供了借鉴标准;综合评价结果表明该新型脱硫石膏砌块具有一定的发展前景和市场应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The wall is one of the most important parts of the buildings. In the request of "building materials innovation, development of new building materials" that is put forward by the country, new materials of wall has been rapidly developed in China combining the consideration of vigorously saving energy, saving capacity, saving land, increasing usage area, resisting earthquakes and improving the people’s living level. However, at present a large number of applications is still a clay brick and aerated block with cement as base material, this paper studies the gypsum block wall, aimed at effectively using the industrial by-product gypsum- desulfurization gypsum block production, widely used in building, to improve human living environment, waste, environmental protection and energy saving, saving land resource is of great significance. Will have a large number of thermal power plant desulphurization gypsum(CaSO4 ? 2H2O) processed into CaSO4 1/2 H2 O, as base material.(1)Based on the requirements of the new wall about development in our country, the new type of desulfurization gypsum block and wall are introduced in detail, analyzes the main raw materials of desulfurization gypsum block, and the system, the author introduces the characteristics of this kind of block; As a new material research, in this paper, the desulfurization gypsum block done in-depth research in terms of technical performance.(2) In-depth study of the new type of desulfurization gypsum block production technology and construction technology, the production and construction in the process of each step in detail study and explanation, and in view of the construction process of new type of gypsum block wall equipped with hidden embedded and reserved hole construction, model steel formwork support system construction and the wall of moistureproof waterproof construction such as these, the research of the system is the key link to and gives the corresponding solution measures;(3) As a new material research,the performance of desulfurization gypsum block done in-depth research.In order to kNow whether this new wall material meet the requirement of green energy-saving building or not, the author do research of heat preservation and heat insulation performance,sound insulation performance and fireproof performance of the new material wall;Through the desulfurization gypsum block wall hanging test and impact test, analysis and research the mechanical properties of this kind of material as building partition wall;Through analyzing the new desulfurization gypsum block wall cost comparison, analysis its economic performance, to understand the economic rationality of this kind of new materials;(4)For found that the wall of the deficiencies and to explore the market promotion and the application prospect of new wall, based on the established with "performance", "technology", "economy" and "environment" as the evaluation index system of evaluation target, on the basis of fuzzy matter-element analysis theory, established a new type of gypsum block wall, a comprehensive evaluation model and using the analytic hierarchy process(ahp), expert scoring method to determine the weight value of each index in the assessment index system of size;(5) The application of cast-in-place light gypsum wall in one experimental building of a university in Xi’an is studied as the case analysis. Such walls are evaluated comprehensively and results are analyzed combing with the questionnaire from different participation of experts, at the same time, the validity of the model is effectively verified.Through the technical performance indicators of gas desulfurization gypsum block test analysis, research, technical performance index of this kind of new desulfurization gypsum block are strict with the national performance index requirements of gypsum block; From the new desulfurization gypsum block wall heat preservation and heat insulation, sound insulation, fire protection, etc, shows that the wall conform to the state of green energy-saving materials requirements; Based on the research of the production and construction technology for the market application provides reference standards; The comprehensive evaluation results show that the new desulfurization gypsum block has a certain development prospects and market application value.更多还原