【作者】 何庆领；

【导师】 王群京；

【作者基本信息】 合肥工业大学 ， 电气工程， 2015， 博士

【摘要】 随着世界各国对可再生能源开发和利用的重视,风力发电越来越受到人们的广泛关注,在风力发电机组中,永磁同步发电机所占的比重越来越大。永磁电机的永磁体和有槽铁心之间相互作用会产生齿槽转矩,导致转矩脉动,引起振动和噪声,从而影响电机的性能。在永磁风力发电机及其系统的设计中,齿槽转矩是最需要考虑的重要问题之一。本文以风光互补系统中广泛使用的外转子永磁风力发电机为研究对象,开展小型永磁风力发电机的优化设计和削弱齿槽转矩方法的研究,论文的主要工作和创新点如下：1.依据同步发电机运行原理,进行永磁风力发电机的电枢反应分析；根据传统电机的设计理论进行永磁风力发电机的电磁设计,并引入绕组理论,分析分数槽永磁风力发电机的绕组磁势谐波。2.利用有限元理论建立永磁风力发电机的三维电磁模型,分析永磁风力发电机的电磁性能和运行特性；研究基于混沌优化算法的永磁风力发电机优化技术,并对优化结果进行了可靠性验证。3.对永磁风力发电机的齿槽转矩开展研究：基于能量法和傅里叶分解,推导永磁电机齿槽转矩的表达式；分析斜槽、定子齿开辅助槽、不等槽口宽配合、永磁体极弧系数、磁极分段以及磁极偏移对齿槽转矩的影响。4.提出一种定子槽开辅助齿的永磁风力发电机定子结构,通过推导每i个槽开一个辅助齿的傅里叶分解系数解析表达式,重点研究辅助齿分布对齿槽转矩的影响；结合小型永磁风力发电机模型及参数,定量研究辅助齿宽度对齿槽转矩的影响,并得到最优化辅助齿宽度下的齿槽转矩；引入辅助齿高度与定子齿高度比尼,计算得到傅里叶分解系数随尼值的变化曲线。5.进行了定子开有辅助齿的永磁风力发电机样机的制作,基于杠杆测量法、动态测量法和静态测量法制定相应的实验方案,对样机的齿槽转矩进行测试。实验测量结果表明,提出的此种永磁风力发电机可以有效抑制齿槽转矩,具有实际应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development and utilization of renewable energy in the world, wind power generation is becoming more and more people’s attention.In the wind power generation, the proportion of permanent magnet synchronous generator becomes larger and larger. The interaction between the permanent magnet and slotted core will produce cogging torque, resulting torque ripple, vibration and noise, thus affecting the performance of the motor. The cogging torque is one of the most important issues in the design of permanent magnet wind power generator and its system.This thesis aims to outer rotor permanent magnet wind generator which is widely used in wind solar hybrid system, study on the optimization design and the cogging torque reduce method.The main works are as follows.1. Based on the operation principle of synchronous generator, armature reaction of permanent magnet wind generator was analyzed. Permanent magnet wind generator was designed according to the traditional motor design method, and, the winding magnetic potential harmonic of fractional slot permanent magnet synchronous generator was analysised on the basis of winding theory.2. The finite element method was adopted to establish the 3D electromagnetic model of permanent wind generator. The electromagnetic performance and operating characteristics were analyzed. The optimization technique of permanent magnet wind generation was researched based on chaos optimization algorithm, and the reliable of optimization result was verified by three-dimensional finite element method.3. Based on energy method and Fourier decomposition, the expression of the permanent magnet motor cogging torque was deduced. The influence factors on the cogging torque were analyzed. They include the skew, auxiliary slot, slot widths, permanent magnet pole arc coefficient, segmented magnetic poles and the pole offset cogging torque.4. A stator structure of permanent magnet wind generator with auxiliary teeth was proposed in this thesis. Derivation the Fourier decomposition coefficients analytical expressions of each i slot with an auxiliary tooth, the influence of auxiliary teeth on cogging torque was researched. According to the model and parameters of small permanent magnet wind generator, the influence of auxiliary teeth’s width on the cogging torque was quantitative studied, and the optimal width of the auxiliary teeth was carried out. The coefficient k was introduced, which is equal to the ratio of auxiliary teeth height and stator teeth height, the curve of Fourier decomposition coefficient changing with k is obtained also.5. The model permanent magnet wind generator with auxiliary teeth was carried out. Based on the lever, the dynamic and static measurement method, the corresponding experimental scheme was constitude to test the cogging torque of the model mechine. The experiment results show that the structure of proposed permanent magnet wind generator can restrain cogging torque effectively. It has the value of practical application.更多还原