【作者】 李淑娟；

【导师】 綦良群；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨理工大学 ， 技术经济及管理， 2015， 博士

【摘要】 在知识经济时代,传统的依靠低成本竞争的装备制造企业面临的竞争压力越来越大,知识竞争力弱,创新能力不强已经影响到装备制造企业的竞争力,进而影响到了装备制造企业的健康发展,对我国经济的发展也带来了不利的影响。面对知识经济的挑战,迫切需要装备制造企业按照知识经济环境下的竞争规律和自身特点实施知识管理,有针对性地对其管理体制和运行机制进行改造,将知识资源视为最重要的战略资源,把最大限度地掌握和利用知识资源作为提高企业应变能力和创新能力的关键,因为运用知识的能力正日益成为在竞争中取得成功的一个主要驱动因素。知识价值链是知识经济时代企业进行全面知识管理的有效工具,为此,本研究从知识价值链出发,以更为全面的视角研究装备制造企业的知识管理模式,为装备制造企业优化知识管理模式,整合内外部知识资源,提高知识资源的使用效率,提升知识管理水平,增加竞争优势提供理论指导和方法指南。对装备制造企业、知识价值链等进行相关概念界定的基础上,对装备制造企业知识价值链的内部和外部知识资源进行分析;揭示装备制造企业知识价值链形成的动因是为了满足市场需求、提升员工能力、优化业务流程和提升竞争优势;研究了装备制造企业知识价值链形成的过程;构建装备制造企业知识价值链模型,并总结了装备制造企业知识价值链的四个主要特征:以市场需求为导向,以业务流程为基础,以知识创新为为灵魂,以知识竞争力为目标。研究装备制造企业价值增值过程,该过程应包括知识获取与筛选、知识加工与吸收、知识共享与转移、知识创新与创造四个环节;辨识出影响装备制造企业知识价值链价值增值的影响因素,包括知识系统质量、知识资源的主体、组织文化及社会心理。在前期研究的基础上,以装备制造企业知识价值链知识资源的匹配性和价值增值能力两个重要维度为研究主线,设计符合装备制造企业知识管理特点的四种知识管理模式:螺旋模式、网络模式、三维模式、簇群模式,并对各模式特征、优劣势及其运行进行分析。基于对装备制造企业知识价值链知识资源的匹配性和价值增值能力的分析,研究装备制造企业知识管理模式的选择方法,构建装备制造企业知识管理模式选择体系,选择方法和选择模型。为保证装备制造企业知识管理模式的有效运行,研究了装备制造企业知识管理模式的运行保障机制,提出包括知识管理驱动机制、组织文化引领机制,知识管理激励机制以及政府引导支持机制的运行保障机制体系,知识管理制度驱动机制包括知识积累制度、知识共享和转移制度、知识应用制度和知识创新制度;企业文化引领机制主要从精神层、制度层、物质层三个层次的建设展开;知识管理激励机制主要由物质激励和精神激励构成;政策引导支持机制从国家和政府的角度来考虑对装备制造企业知识管理模式的引导和支持。最后,结合沈阳机床的知识管理模式展开实证研究。验证论文的研究结果:基于知识价值链的知识管理模式符合装备制造企业的特点和知识经济时代竞争规律,有助于装备制造企业知识竞争力的提升,进而为装备制造企业获取核心竞争优势。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the knowledge economy era, the traditional equipment manufacturers relying on low cost competition are facing increasing competitive pressures. The skills of using knowledge have increasingly become the primary driving factors for success in competition. Weakness in knowledge competition and innovation has affected not only the competitiveness but also the healthy development of China’s equipment manufacturing industry, resulting in an adverse impact on the development of this country’s national economy. In the face of knowledgeeconomic challenge, it is an urgent need that equipment manufacturers carry out knowledge management according to the competition rules and their own characteristics under the environment of knowledge economy, target at transformation of their management systems and operating mechanisms, regard knowledge resources as the most important strategic resources, and see the mastery and use of knowledge as much as possible as the key to the improvement of the manufacturers’ innovativeness and adaptability to changes to reinforce their core competence and competitive advantage. Since the ability to apply knowledge is increasingly becoming a major driving factor achieving success in competitiveness. Knowledge value chain is an effective tool for manufacturers to proceed comprehensive knowledge management. Therefore, beginning with knowledge value chain, this paper gives a study on the knowledge management modes of the equipment manufacturers from more pragmatic perspectives in order to provide theoretical guidance and method guidance for optimization of the knowledge management modes, integration of the internal and external knowledge resources, improvement of the using efficiency of knowledge resources, promotion of the level of knowledge management and enhancement of their competitive advantages.On the basis of the definition of relevant concepts such as equipment manufacturer and knowledge value chain, an analysis is made of both the external and internal knowledge resources of knowledge value chain of the equipment manufacturer; the reasons or motivations are revealed for the formation of the knowledge value chain: to meet customers’ needs, to improve the abilities of employees, to optimize business processes and to enhance the competitive advantage; the forming process of knowledge value chain, constructs the knowledge value chain model of the equipment manufacturers and analyses the four main characteristics of the knowledge value chain of equipment manufacturers: customers’ demand-driven, business process-based, knowledge innovation-guided and knowledge competitiveness-aimed.The paper analyses the value-added process of the equipment manufacturers, knowledge acquisition and selection, knowledge processing and absorption, knowledge sharing and transfer and knowledge innovation and creation. In addition, the paper analyses the relationship between knowledge application and knowledge value increment, and summarizes the form of knowledge value chain based on values added. The influencing factors of the values added of the knowledge chain of the equipment manufacturers, including knowledge system quality, main body of knowledge resources, organizational culture and social psychology, for the formation of the knowledge value chain are identified in the paper.Based on the first stage of research, the four modes of the knowledge management consistent with the features of the equipment manufacturers’ knowledge management are designed on the basis of knowledge value chain of the equipment manufacturers, which are spiral mode, network mode, threedimensional mode and cluster mode. An analysis is given not only to the characteristics and operation of each mode but to the characteristics of the knowledge value chain. Based on the analysis of the compatibility of the resources of the knowledge value chain and the ability of value increment of the equipment manufacturers, and the compatibility between value increment and the characteristics of knowledge value chain, the selection system, methods and model of the knowledge management modes for knowledge management modes of the equipment manufacturers are established.Safeguard measures are studied for equipment manufacturers to implement knowledge management in terms of knowledge management driving mechanism, organizational culture leading mechanism, knowledge management motivating mechanism and government supporting mechanism. Knowledge management driving mechanism includes knowledge accumulating system, knowledge sharing, knowledge application system and knowledge creation system; Organizational culture leading mechanism includes spirit layer, system layer and material layer; knowledge management motivating mechanism includes material incentive and spirit incentive; and government supporting mechanism involves the support of the knowledge management mode of the equipment manufacturers from the viewpoint of the government.With SYMG as the object in the empirical study, the research is tested: the knowledge management modes based on knowledge value chain fits the features of the equipment manufacturers and the competitive laws of knowledge economy era, and they are helpful for the equipment manufacturers to improve their knowledge competitiveness and to get core competitive advantage.更多还原