【作者】 刘杰；

【导师】 乞建勋； 杨淑霞；

【作者基本信息】 华北电力大学 ， 技术经济及管理， 2015， 博士

【摘要】 随着国民经济的持续发展,我国电网企业在资产规模、服务绩效等方面日益提升；同时居于电力产业链中间环节的电网企业,面对上游发电企业协同、下游终端用户要求和政府部门监管等多重压力,优化资本结构、降低运营成本、适应需求变化等成为企业面临的现实课题。电网企业发展的重心应由安全生产逐渐转向创新能力、管理能力、服务能力的提高,加强业务协调,推行集约化管理,抓住“人、财、物”三大主线的集中控制,成为电网企业管理的重要内容。电网物资作为战略资源与企业的资本构成、运营费用密切相关,物资供应、废旧物资处置等业务绩效对企业的利润产生直接影响。针对目前物资管理存在的问题,构建物资供应链体系成为电网企业物资管理的趋势。与此同时,在资源紧缺和环境保护的双重压力下,电网企业要走可持续发展的道路,实施绿色供应链管理成为电网企业物资管理的必然选择。本文以绿色供应链管理理论为指导,结合电网企业物资管理的实际,提出电网企业物资绿色供应链管理体系框架,并围绕体系中的供应链决策机制进行了较深入地探讨,期望为电网企业物资绿色供应链决策提供一定的借鉴。论文主要研究内容如下：第一,针对电网企业物资管理的特点,在剖析关键业务、存在问题等基础上,提出电网企业物资管理的发展趋势是构建物资供应链体系。结合目前国家可持续发展战略的要求,构建了电网企业物资绿色供应链管理体系的主体框架,并就决策机制中的合作伙伴选择、运营协调机制、综合绩效评价和各成员决策行为动态等进行分析。第二,绿色供应链合作伙伴选择是电网物资绿色供应链构建的基础。在初步构建电网物资战略供应商评价指标后,运用信息增益法进行指标筛选；此后采用数据包络分析法对绿色供应商进行相对效率评价,运用DEAP2.1软件分析得出固定规模报酬、变动规模报酬下的优选供应商方案。第三,绿色供应链协调机制是电网物资绿色供应链运营的保障。在构建电网设备供应商与电网企业、电网企业与回收商两级供应链的基础上,应用动态博弈模型分析得出：电网企业在集中协调决策下可以提高供应链整体收益,同时提升环境效益。在对电网设备供应商、电网企业和回收商三级供应链的研究同样可以得出集中决策优于分散决策的结论,并运用数值模拟进行分析验证。第四,绿色供应链综合绩效评价是电网物资绿色供应链运营绩效的反映,也是供应链管理提升的重要手段。在分析绿色供应链绩效评价研究的基础上,构建由电网企业绩效、供应链合作绩效和供应链发展能力组成的电网物资绿色供应链综合绩效评价指标体系,并运用突变级数法对某省电力公司物资绿色供应链综合绩效进行评价分析。第五,决策行为动态分析是对物资供应链成员绿色模式选择进行的理论探讨。以演化博弈理论作指导,分别构建政府部门与电网企业、电网企业与供应商、电网设备供应商之间的动态特性模型。分析揭示：政府部门的政策及执法力度对于电网企业的绿色模式选择具有推广作用；电网企业对供应商的优惠政策在一定条件下也能推动供应商绿色模式的扩散。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the continuous development of national economy, the power grid enterprises in our country have been promoted in asset size, service performance and many other aspects. On the other hand, the power grid enterprises in the intermediate link of the industry chain are under multiple pressures including collaboration with upstream power generation enterprises, requirements of downstream terminal users and supervision of government. Optimizing the structure of capital, reducing the operating costs and adapting to the demand changes has become the reality issues of the enterprises. The development centrality of power grid enterprises should be gradually shifted from safety production to innovation ability, management ability and service ability. The reinforcement to operational coordination, implementation of intensive management and centralized control to capture the three main line-"people, wealth and object"-has become the important content of management of power grid enterprises.As the strategic resource, materials are closely related to the capital structure and operating costs of power grid enterprise. The performance of material supply, waste materials disposal and other businesses directly affect the profit of power grid enterprises. The establishment of material supply chain system has become the tendency of materials management in power grid enterprise, given the existing problems of the material management. At the same time, under the pressure of resource shortage and environmental protection, power grid enterprises must take the road of sustainable development and the implementation of green supply chain management has become the inevitable choice of materials management in power grid enterprise.This article is based on the green supply chain theory and connected with the reality of material management in power grid enterprise, puts forward the framework of the green supply chain management system of grid materials, then conducts the in-depth discussions around the decision-making mechanism of green supply chain and expects to provide certain reference for the decision-making of green material supply chain of power grid enterprises. The main research contents are as follows:First, according to the characteristics of materials management in power grid enterprise and based on the analysis of key business and existing problems, this article points out that to construct material supply chain system is the trend of materials management development in power grid enterprise. Combined with the current strategic adjustment of national energy, the main framework of constructing management system of green material supply chain in power grid enterprise has been put forward. Its decision mechanism is mainly composed of cooperative partner selection, coordination of supply chain operation, evaluation of supply chain performance and analysis of decision-making behavior etc.Second, cooperative partner selection is the basis for the establishment of green material supply chain. This article preliminarily constructs the evaluation index of strategic supplier before filtering the index by information gain method; then evaluates the relative efficiency of green suppliers using the data envelopment and obtains the preferred option of supplier under constant returns to scale and variable returns to scale using the DEAP2.1 software.Third, the coordination mechanism of green supply chain is the operational security for green supply chain of grid material. After constructing the two level supply chains between power grid equipment supplier and power grid enterprises, and between power grid enterprises and recyclers, the conclusion is reached that power grid enterprises can improve the benefit of the whole supply chain and the environmental benefit at the same time under centralized coordination decision by applying the analysis of dynamic game model. And the research on three level supply chain of network equipment supplier, power grid enterprises and recycling operators can also draw the conclusion that centralized decision is better than the decentralized decision-making, and verified by numerical simulation analysis.Fourth, evaluation of green supply chain is an operation performance reflection for green supply chain of grid materials and an important means of feedback correction of the supply chain operation. Based on the analysis of green supply chain performance evaluation, this article constructs performance evaluation indicator system of grid material green supply chain formed by performance of power grid enterprises, co operational performance of supply chain, development ability of supply chain; then takes a provincial electric company as an example to conduct the evaluation analysis of comprehensive performance of supplies green supply chain evaluation by using catastrophe progression method.Fifth, the behavior analysis is the theoretical discussion of green mode selection by supply chain members. Guided by the evolutionary game theory, the game models were separately constructed between the power grid enterprises and the government, the power grid enterprises and the suppliers, and among power grid equipment suppliers. Analysis showed that government policy and law enforcement promote the choice of green mode of power grid enterprises. The preferential policies on the supplier’s from power grid enterprises can also play a role in the diffusion of supplier’s green mode under certain conditions.更多还原