【作者】 于淼；

【导师】 吴振武；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 中国史， 2015， 博士

【摘要】 漢代歷經四百馀年,记錄同一個詞的文字形體在有漢一代多有變革,出土實物中所見的漢代隸書資料载體多樣,内容豐富。本文旨在研究漢代隸書中的異體现象,编辑成《漢隸異體字表》,并對漢隸異體字的相關問题進行研究。本文分爲兩大部分,上编是《漢隸異體字表》,是讑文的主體部分。收錄材料包括漢代磚石、簡牘、帛書、铜器、陶器、骨簽、漆器、墙壁等多種载體下的隸書異體字形,依《說文》排序,共分十四卷,見於《說文》者,排入相應卷目,異體字形依掳詞義或異體规律附於《說文》某字後,不能確定是某字異體的,依據字形附於某部首後,并加按語說明。爲方便查找,上编還附有《筆書檢字表》和《字形來源及簡稱對照表》。下编是《漢隸異體字相關問题研究》,分爲六個章節,緒論對“異體”概念造行梳理,焉本文涉及的異體字造行定義。介绍了漢隸異體字的研究對象以及研究现状,并提出異體字研究需要注意的問题。第一章,對論了漢隸典體字中的減省與增繁现象。漢代隸書總是在求簡與求繁的軌跡上不断转换；減省與增繁有時會産生逆向變更；相同構件、聲旁的省與繁往往不影響表意；表意耩件的省與繁在一定條件下也會産生異體；以及漢隸異體字減省與增繁的特殊现象——借筆舆飾筆。第二章、第三章,討論的是異體字耩件的改换。第二章從訛變與訛混的角度對改换構件的異體字造行描寫,訛變與訛混既有區别又相互促進,在産生異體字的過程中,往往交織發展,《說文》中有一些誤收的同字異體現象,也當與此時的訛變與訛混有關。第三章從耩件位置、方向、古今字形差異、形旁、聲旁的角度對構件改换産生的異體现象造行總结,考辨了一些異體字形産生與使用的時間。還分别從“燮形音化”、“類化”、“糅合”的角度,討論了一些異體字的構形問题。第四章,對十五個漢代姓氏用字的異體现象進行總结,提出一些形體有别,但音義皆近的字,在漢代姓氏中,當爲一字異體。第五章，對十九例舊有释讀中存在的分歧的文字,進行了考释。更多还原

【Abstract】 The carriers of the clerical script in Han dynasty in the unearthed objects are diverse, Han Dynasty lasted more than four hundred years. During the evolution of Chinese characters, characters which record the same word also changed. This thesis aims to study allogeneic phenomenon of clerical script in Han dynasty. We compiled the Allogeneic Characters Volumes of clerical script of Han dynasty, and do some related studies.This thesis are divided into two parts. The first part is the main part, The Allogeneic Characters Volumes of the clerical script in Han dynasty,including masonry, stone, bamboo or wooden slips,silk, bronze, pottery, bone, lacquer, wall etc.The characters arranged according to the order of "DaXu", which found in "Shuowen"(说文)-Those cannot found in "Shuowen"(说文), are arranged after corresponding radicals by meanings and regular of the Allogeneic Characters, with the explanation after character.The second part is about studying on the allogeneic characters of clerical script in Han dynasty. There are six chapters. Introduction:we sort out the concept of allogeneic characters at the beginning. Then we made definition of allogeneic characters which apply in this article. Second, we introduced the research objects and status of the allogeneic characters of clerical script in Han dynasty. At last, we proposed some questions about the research on allogeneic characters that need to be pay attention.In first chapter, we discussed the allogeneic characters by increasing and decreasing the components. Characters of clerical script in Han dynasty are in the conversion between complication and abbreviation. Both of them can transformed each other. The numbers of same component, the phonetic symbol and ideogram can increase or decrease, which can not affect the characters."Jiebi"(iaM) and "Shibi"(饰筆) are two special phenomena in complication and abbreviation.In the second and the third chapter, we discussed the phenomena by altering components. The second chapter summarized allogeneic characters by Ebian (化變) and Ehun(化混). They are different but intertwined and promoted each other, In the process of character development. They even affect allogeneic characters in "Shuowen"(说文) which recorded by mistake. The third chapter, We summarized allogeneic characters form many point of view including components’ location and direction, characters’differences between now and past. the changes of phonetic symbol or ideogram. We found some evidence to prove generation time of some allogeneic characters. We also discuss some configuration problems form "Deform for sound","Typed" and’Blend"In the fourth chapter, we summarized fifteen examples of the surname in Han dynasty, and proposed some different surname with same pronunciations and meanings are allogeneic characters.In the last chapter, we interpreted nineteen examples which have disagreements in the past.更多还原