【作者】 王波；

【导师】 陈宝智； 陈喜山；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 安全技术及工程， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 随着矿井开采深度的不断增加和矿山井下采掘机械化程度的提高,深井高温热害已经成为制约地下矿山安全生产的重大问题之一。并且,地下矿山的极限开采深度也将取决于矿井降温技术和装备的发展水平。因此,开展深井高温热害问题研究越来越受到人们的重视。利用矿井浅部岩石层夏季自然蓄热、冬季自然蓄冷对井下入风流的温度调节作用,预冷矿井入风流,调节和改善矿井热环境条件,对地下矿山安全生产节能降耗具有重要意义。研究矿井井巷围岩的温度分布特征以及围岩与风流的热湿交换规律,是利用岩层地温效应预冷矿井入风流的基础。为此,通过对矿井风流温度与湿度间变化相关关系的分析,将温度与湿度结合起来考虑,建立了基于传热和传质过程的井巷围岩与风流间热湿交换数学模型,确定了边界条件或初始条件,并利用边界条件或初始条件对理论模型进行求解。针对金洲矿业集团金青顶矿区高温矿井热害治理问题,利用井巷浅钻孔测定了地温状况,得到了该矿山的岩层增温带、恒温带、变温带分布规律和地温率实测值。利用井下低温岩层中的废旧井巷或采空区作为热湿交换空间,从深度、水平和倾斜3条风流路径方向上,对比了井巷围岩与风流间温湿交换数学模型的模拟值与现场实测值,证明建立的数学模型非常接近实际情况,说明建立的数学模型是正确的,可以用于分析、研究风流沿不同路径流动时与巷道壁的温湿交换过程,为矿井入风预冷降温措施的设计、实施提供技术支持。根据矿井入风流预冷试验,选出最优入风流预冷路径,夏季入风流温度可降低4.1℃,年节能约51万kWh。利用经过验证的井巷围岩与风流之间热湿交换的数学模型,围绕井下风流温度和湿度两个评价矿内热环境的主要参数,探讨了风流沿巷道流动时温度、湿度和能量交换的变化规律,分析得出了影响矿井热环境的主要因素是入风流温度、井巷的水力半径和巷道围岩种类,为采取恰当的预冷降温措施提供依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The high temperature has become one of the most dangerous problems of mines with the depth increasing of exploitaion and popular of mechanization. In future, the limitation of exploit depth will depend on the improvement of temperature controll technologies and equipments. Therefore, it is significant to study the regulation of thermal distribution of country rock and the heat interchange between rock and airflow.In the paper, natural energy (storage capacity) in shallow low-temperature rock was utilized to regulate the inlet airflow and improve the environment of mine, which provides very important directive significance for the safety and energy conservation.Based on the temperature distribution of wall-rock and the regulation of heat and moisture exchange between wall-rock and airflow, the geothermic effect of stratum is utilized to precool the inlet airflow. Therefore, the relation between the varieties of temperature and moisture was analyzed and considered together, a mathematical model of heat and moisture exchange between wall-rock and airflow was established. And at the same time, the boundary and initial conditions were confirmed and the derivation was finished.In light of specific conditions of ventilation system in Jinqingding Mining area of Jinzhou Mining Group, the paper obtained accurate data and relative position of zones of variable temperature, constant temperature and warming temperature by means of temperature measurement in the boreholes of tunnels. In order to adjust the mathematical model, the solution was compared with the measurement in the discarded tunnel when the airflow flows vertically, aclinic and decliningly. The results shown theoretical model is correct. Thus it finds out reasonable solution to establish exchange prediction model of heat (cold) and moisture, which is used to calculate and design ventilation cooling in deep mines and utilize low-temperature rock to cool airflow and realize energy-saving cooling of mine. According to the mathematical model and experiments, a optimal course is obtained, the temperature of airflow in summer can be decrease4.1℃and the corporation will spare￥510000every year.Finally, based on the mathematical model and the main parameters of airflow, the paper studied the airflow regulations of temperature, moisture and energy exchange. The results shown the main reasons lead to the heat were the temperature of airflow, the radius of tunnel and wall-rock. It takes advantage of heat (cold) and moisture exchange model established to develop the application of precooling airflow through low-temperature rock.更多还原