【作者】 王彬；

【导师】 刘青；

【作者基本信息】 北京科技大学 ， 冶金工程， 2015， 博士

【摘要】 生产过程的精细化控制与科学的生产组织是保证生产流程协调、高效运行的关键。相对于普碳钢生产,特殊钢的生产过程工序较为复杂,长期普遍存在生产消耗大、故障事故多、运行成本高的状况；而相对于板带材生产,棒线材生产过程更具多批量、多钢种、多规格等特点。这些特点使长材型特殊钢炼钢—连铸过程生产计划与调度的研究过程更为复杂。本文运用冶金流程工程的相关理论,从特殊钢炼钢—连铸过程的物质流参数解析与运行优化入手,充分考虑生产组织与过程控制的融合,在把握冶金过程物质流、设备运行规律的基础上,运用智能算法优化生产计划,展开生产调度与工艺控制相互协同的研究。本文以普碳钢与弹簧钢混合品种的长材型特殊钢厂——方大特钢为研究对象,首先对整个炼钢—连铸生产流程进行深入解析,对过程运行时间、温度制度、生产模式进行优化,炼钢—连铸全流程运行时间可缩减14.27min。综合考虑合理的产品结构以及不同产品在各工序/设备的生产节奏等因素,确定优化的炉机匹配模式,形成产品结构与炉机匹配的优化技术,对炼钢厂系统调控策略进一步深化和完善,为长材型特殊钢厂炼钢—连铸过程生产模式评价与优化的解决方案。同时,从工艺过程控制入手,在生产计划优化的基础上,构建符合生产实际需求的、以炉机匹配度、连浇炉数以及过程等待时间和柔性工序周期波动为主要评价指标的多目标优化调度数学模型,在炼钢厂“炉机对应”运行原则基础上,利用柔性工序缓冲策略求解生产模式优化后的炼钢—连铸调度问题。分析转炉炼钢过程模型、LF精炼过程模型以及连铸坯凝固冷却过程模型与调度模型的“协同”作用,构建了基于生产工艺模型的协同调度方案。最后,将物质流参数解析与运行优化、生产计划与调度优化以及工艺控制优化进行综合集成,并与MES相结合,构建集物质流参数解析、运行控制、工艺模型于一体的炼钢—连铸过程辅助控制与协同调度系统,将调度规则、智能算法与冶金流程运行优化方法相融合,形成长材型特殊钢厂协同调度技术。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a vital section of steelmaking manufacturing process, the steelmaking-rolling process has the characteristics of multi-facilities, multi-procedures and multi-abnormalities. Compared with the plate or sheet steel production, the steelmaking-rolling process of wire or rod steel production has the characteristics of multi-batches, multi-steel grades and multi-specifications, thus the research on planning and scheduling for steelmaking-continuous casting process of long products in special steel plants become more and more complex.Research on the collaboration of production scheduling and process control was conducted through the optimization of production planning by intelligent algorithm in this paper according to the law of metallurgical mass flow and equipment operation, which took full consideration of the integration of production organization and process control. The systematic analysis and optimization of mass flow parameters during steelmaking-continuous casting process in special steel plants were carried out based on metallurgical process engineering and other related theory.The Fangda special steel plants is the research object of the investigation, which is a long products type special steel plant with the products of straight carbon steel and spring steel. First of all, on the basis of analysis of mass flow and the optimize of process running time, temperature schedule and production mode during steelmaking-continuous casting process, the operational time through the whole process from steelmaking to continuous casting could be reduced14.27minutes. The optimized furnace-caster matching model was obtained after took full account the factors of reasonable product structure, the rhythm of production of different products and so on. Then the optimal technology of product structure and furnace-caster matching was acquired. It is the furtherance and development of the control strategy of steelmaking system, which can provide the solution of the evaluation and optimization of production pattern during steelmaking-continuous casting process in long products type special steel plant. In addition, multi-objective optimization scheduling mathematical model was established with the main evaluation indexes of fit actual production needs, the degree of furnace-caster matching, continuous casting heats, process waiting time and cyclical swing of flexible processes on the basis of process control and production plan optimization. The scheduling problems of steelmaking-continuous casting under different production modes were solved by adjusting the operation cycle values of flexible processes on the basis of furnace-caster matching principle. At the same time, the collaborative scheduling scheme was built based on the collaboration of the process models of steelmaking model, LF refining model, solidification and cooling process model of continuously cast bloom and scheduling model.At last, the auxiliary control and collaborative scheduling system for steelmaking-continuous casting process was established by the combination of mass flow analysis, operation control and process models. The mass flow analysis, operation optimization, production schedule, schedule optimization and process control optimization were integrated togetherly with MES. By the fusion of scheduling rules, intelligent algorithm and metallurgical process operation optimization method, the dynamic scheduling method and technology in special steel plant of long products was developed.更多还原