【作者】 王世明；

【导师】 徐建闽；

【作者基本信息】 华南理工大学 ， 交通信息工程及控制， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 城市快速路是城市中大运量快速交通干道，为了保证城市快速路“快速、畅通”的特性，交通管理部门通常在快速路入口匝道采取限流控制措施，以此抑制过大的快速路交通需求。此类方法虽然在一定程度上提高了快速路的运行效率，但却将拥堵转移至与快速路衔接的城市辅路干道。入口匝道处车辆排队延伸至地面道路，会严重影响地面道路交通的正常通行，本文在入口匝道控制研究的基础上，针对干道协调控制的三个关键性问题进行研究，继而基于递阶优化思想，建立快速路匝道与多交叉口群控制准系统最优协同优化模型，并进行仿真和实例验证。完成的主要科研工作与研究成果概括如下：首先，在详细分析了国内外城市快速路匝道控制的研究现状及现有匝道研究方法的基础之上，研究了快速路与辅路路面交叉口群的协同控制需求问题，凝练了快速路匝道与辅路交叉口群协同控制的关键性问题，并提出了快速路匝道与辅路交叉口群协同控制理念。其次，对快速路匝道连接段类型、入口匝道控制的类型及控制效果进行分析，研究了入口匝道的主线优先控制、入口匝道交替通行和入口匝道信号控制策略，提出了基于支持向量机的入口匝道控制改进算法，并通过对广州市的实例分析，证明改进算法可满足城市快速路上不断变化的交通控制需求。然后，针对辅路干道协调控制的关键性问题进行了研究，在子区划分方面，建立了子区划分模型，确定了子区快速划分的流程，并提出了协调控制子区动态划分方法；在考虑动态红灯排队消散时间模型方面，提出了考虑动态红灯消散时间的相位差计算方法，并对MAXBAND模型进行了改进；在相位相序优化方面，建立了左转早断与滞后相序对带宽的影响模型。最后通过实例验证了上述三个相应关键性问题的解决方案的可行性。接着，将递阶优化思想引入协同控制，建立了快速路匝道与辅路多交叉口群控制的准系统最优协同优化模型，考虑快速路匝道控制与交叉口群控制的协同关系，并考虑路网交通流拥挤程度的变化引起的两者对交通流的不同役使作用，利用序参量公式，确定快速路匝道控制与交叉口群控制性能参数的加权系数，并通过有序度函数进行优化。在模型求解过程中，采用相邻两个控制周期作为一个大周期，提出了大周期下的控制策略优化迭代计算方法，从而保证了控制策略的连续性和继起性，实现了快速路匝道与路面交叉口群的动态协同。最后，选取广州市内环路一段为研究对象，根据对研究目标的实际调查分析，构建了快速路匝道与路面交叉口群协同控制仿真模型，对微观交通仿真模型的各参数进行了标定，仿真模拟不同的交通状况下的出入口匝道拥堵状况，并分别针对协同方法以及不采取控制策略时进行仿真比较，通过实例仿真验证了本文模型方法的可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Urban freeway is a kind of rapid transit corridor with large volume traffic. In order toensure urban freeway’s fast and smooth feature, traffic management department usually takeslimiting control measures in ramp metering to suppress excessive fast road traffic demand.To some extent, although such methods may improve the operating efficiency of the fastroad, congestion will be transferred to link roads related to congested city roads and fast roads.Vehicles queuing at the entrance ramp extending to city road, it will seriously affect thenormal passage of ground road traffic, on the basis of ramp control study, three key problemareas for roads coordinated control study, and then thinking based on hierarchicaloptimization establish expressway ramp and multi-intersections group control barebonesoptimal collaborative optimization model, and simulation and verification examples. Themain research work done with the research results are summarized as follows:First, a detailed analysis of the current situation of the basic research of urbanexpressway ramp control and on top of the existing ramp research methods to study theproblem of cooperative control needs fast road pavement and roads intersection group,concise Freeway and roads intersection control group synergy key issues and proposedexpressway ramp and roads intersection group cooperative control concept.Secondly, Freeway segment type, type and ramp metering control effect were analyzed tostudy the entrance ramp of the main priority control, ramp and ramp signal alternating trafficcontrol strategy is proposed based on support vector machine ramp control improvedalgorithm, and through a case study of Guangzhou City proved the improved algorithm canmeet the changing urban expressway road traffic control needs.Then, the key issues for the coordination and control of arterial roads have been studied.In terms of sub-division of district, a model of sub-district division has been established andthe quick process of division of the sub-region has been determined and dynamic partitioningmethod about coordinated control sub-region has been proposed. In terms of consideringdynamic red dissipate time queuing model, the method taking the dynamic red phasedifference calculation dissipate time into account has been proposed and the MAXBANDmodel has been improved. In terms of phase sequence optimization, a left turn off the lagphase sequence early on bandwidth effects model has been established. Finally, an example isused to verify the feasibility of the appropriate solutions to three key issues.Next, the idea of hierarchical optimization is introduced into cooperative control,establishing an optimal control model with regard to freeway ramp and intersection group. The order parameter equation and the orderly function are used to optimize and determine theweighting coefficients of performance parameters about expressway ramp control andintersection group control, considering the synergies between the expressway ramp controland intersection group control and the degree of the road network congestion caused byslaving effect of different traffic flow. In the process of solving the model, using two adjacentcontrol cycle as a big cycle, the calculation method of optimizing iterations under great cyclecontrol has been proposed to ensure the continuity and consequence.Finally, a loop section of the road in Guangzhou has been selected as the research object.Based on the actual investigation and analysis of the research objectives, the cooperativecontrol simulation model concerning expressway ramp and road intersections group has beenbuilt. Each parameter in the microscopic traffic simulation model has been calibrated andentrance ramp congestion has been simulated under different traffic conditions. In comparisonwith no-control strategy in simulation, a model with an actual example has been verifiedabout the feasibility of this approach.更多还原