【作者】 黄雪丽；

【导师】 路正南；

【作者基本信息】 江苏大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 在我国强调科学发展,强调加快转变经济发展方式的大背景下,旅游业在大力发展的同时也必须关注其环境影响、关注其发展方式。从旅游业的环境特征看,旅游业是碳排放水平相对较高的产业。按照目前的旅游活动呈现的特点和旅游需求的递增速度,按照目前的发展方式发展下去,旅游业虽然有益于国家经济,但对经济环境协调发展不仅对没有贡献,还在产生着相反作用。因此,旅游业要对我国经济环境协调发展做出更大作用,走低碳发展之路是旅游业的必然选择。旅游业的碳排放源于“食、住、行、游、购、娱”的生产环节和消费环节。旅游者在消费旅游产品、产生直接碳排放的同时,通过“需求决定供给”的传导机制,以其偏好影响着各类旅游企业的产品供给,也就从根本上决定了旅游企业为旅游者提供服务的生产环节的碳排放水平。因此,旅游者在旅游业碳减排中有着重要意义,想要降低旅游业的碳排放就必须深刻了解旅游者低碳旅游行为的影响因素及其作用机制。本文研究以低碳旅游生活行为的影响因素及其作用机制为研究对象,以包价旅游者为分析对象,在讨论了低碳旅游生活行为的构成维度后,以计划行为理论和价值-信念-规范理论为理论基础、结合旅游活动的特点构建了“低碳旅游生活行为影响因素研究模型”,使用江苏居民样本,通过实证研究得到了低碳旅游生活行为的影响因素,并在行为形成的“刺激-有机体-反应”模式(“S-O-R”模式)的框架下讨论了影响因素的作用机制,根据分析结果提出了促进低碳旅游生活行为的具体对策,以期为低碳旅游行为的理论研究提供可能的研究框架,为制定促进旅游者碳减排行为的政策和旅游企业开发低碳旅游产品提供参考借鉴。本文的主要研究内容包括四部分：(1)第一部分为第三章,研究了低碳旅游生活行为的构成维度。在文献研究的基础上,提出了说明低碳旅游生活行为构成的初始题项,通过探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析从中提炼出低碳旅游生活行为的构成维度。(2)第二部分为第四章、第五章、第六章,研究了低碳旅游生活行为的影响因素。首先在文献研究和对旅游活动的特点分析的基础上,以计划行为理论和价值-信念-规范理论为理论基础构建出“低碳旅游生活行为影响因素研究模型”,并提出了旅游环境下模型中的潜变量观测变量的测量题项,其次对观测变量进行了测评和验证性因子分析,最后,验证并调整理论模型,最终得到低碳旅游生活行为的主要影响因素及其相互作用方式,并研究了其解释力。(3)第三部分为第七章,研究低碳旅游生活行为影响因素的作用机制。在厘清低碳旅游行为主要影响因素的基础上,从各影响因素对行为产生作用的内在机理入手分析,结合旅游活动的特点,在行为形成的“S-O-R”模式框架下,分别讨论了影响因素在接受刺激阶段、刺激处理阶段、最终反应阶段的作用机制。(4)第四部分为第八章,为对策研究部分。从提高低碳旅游设施的便利程度(优化供应方因素)、培养日常低碳生活行为习惯(建立认知基础)、积极开展低碳旅游者教育(提高知觉行为控制能力)、充分发挥出意见领袖的作用(利用卞观规范)四个方面提出了促进旅游者实施低碳旅游行为的具体对策。本文的创新点是：第一,提出了低碳旅游生活行为的构成维度；第二,构建并实证研究了“低碳旅游生活行为影响因素研究模型”；第三,在行为形成的“S-0-R”模式框架下分析了影响因素对行为的综合作用机制。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chinese government put emphasis on a scientific development of economy, and focuses on the transformation of economic developing mode. Despite the rapid development of tourism industry, its environmental influence and developing style need to be considered. Presently, tourism belongs to a high carbon emission industry. Based on the current characteristics of touristic activities and the increasing speed of tourism demands, the World Tourism Organization hold a negative view that the global carbon emission of tourism industry in2035will be far greater than the worst estimation of IPCC, even with the consideration of energy saving and efficiency increases. In other words, tourism industry can benefit the national economy with the present developing mode, yet it will exert a negative effect to the green development rather than make a contribution to it.The carbon emission of tourism industry can be traced back to the production and consumption chains of food, shelter, vehicle, playing, shopping and entertaining. Tourists make carbon missions while they are consuming touristic products. Meanwhile, their preference will affect the touristic supply through demand-and-supply transmission mechanism, which actually determines the carbon emission during the production process of touristic service. Hence, tourists play a critical role in the touristic carbon emission reduction, and the influencing factors and functional mechanism of tourists’low carbon behaviors are of great necessity to reduce the carbon emission in tourism industry.With the affecting factors and functional mechanism of low carbon touristic activities as research subject.A new theoretical mode based on Theory of Planned Behavior and Value-Belief-Norm Theory on the affecting elements of touristic low carbon living behaviors is constructed and validated. On the basis affecting factors of low carbon living behaviors and analyses the functional mechanism of low carbon touristic behaviors. This paper aims to provide the research framework for the low carbon touristic behaviors and put forward some enlightenment for the carbon reduction policy-making and the low carbon touristic products development. The following are the contents in detail:The frist part is chapter Ⅲ.This part is the classification of low carbon touristic living behaviors. First, the connotation of tourists low carbon living behaviors are analyzed from the literature through content analysis and then classified. Next, based on quantitative research, combining the connotation and classification of tourists’ low carbon living behaviors.The second part is the fourth chapter, the fifth chapter and the sixth chapter. This part studies the affecting elements of low carbon touristic behaviors. First, with the TPB(Theory of Planned Behavior) mode and VBN(Value-Belief-Norm Theory)as the theoretical framework, on the basis of literature review, this chapter constructs a new theoretical mode to analyze the affecting elements of low carbon touristic living behavior. This theoretical mode is validated and modified with the help of questionnaire data and structural equation model to obtain the main influencing factors of low carbon touristic behavior and their functional style.The third part is the seventh chapter. This part studies the comprehensive functional mechanism of affecting elements of low carbon touristic behaviors based on "S-O-R" Model. On the clarification of the main influencing factors of low carbon touristic behaviors, this chapter analyses the normal functional mechanism of various influencing factors and discusses the functional mechanism of influencing factors on low carbon touristic behaviors in stimulus stage,organism stage and response stage by combining the characteristics of touristic activities.Part IV is the eighth chapter. This part discusses the specific strategies of promoting low carbon touristic activities.Puting forward specific measures from four perspectives to promote the the tourists implementation of low-carbon touristic living behaviors:improving low-carbon tourism facilities (to optimizing the situational factors), culturing habit of low-carbon daily living behavior (to establishing the the cognitive basis), activing in improving low-carbon tourists education (to improving perceived the behavioral control capability), giving full playthe role of opinion leaders (to establishing the subjective norm).This main innovations are:First, it proposes the dimensions of low carbon touristic living behaviors; Second, constructing and empirical studing on "The model of factors which affecting low carbon touristic living behaviors "; Third, analysing the comprehensive functional mechanism of affecting elements of low carbon touristic behaviors based on "S-O-R" Model更多还原