【作者】 徐慧；

【导师】 Syivie DEMURGER； 丁金宏；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 人文地理， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 本论文以中国和越南为例研究人口流动与流出地之间的互动关系。论文主要包括三个章节。第一章以越南为例,实证研究流动者的汇款和流出地汇款受益者的信任程度以及被信任水平的相关性。结合作者于2010年在越南北部和南部的4个省的8个村庄的田野实验收集到的166位个体的信息以及“2002年越南住户生活水平调查”的数据,本章研究得出以下两个主要结论：首先,从信任度的角度来看,研究结果显示国内流动者的汇款与流出地汇款受益者的信任度没有明显相关性,而国际流动者的汇款和流出地汇款受益者的信任度有着显著的正相关。第二,从值得信任的水平来看,国际汇款和国际汇款受益者的被信任度存在显著的负相关,而国内汇款与国内汇款受益者的被信任度却有着显著的正相关。此外,研究发现与北越人相比,南越人更加值得信任。第二章以中国为例,从留守儿童性别和年龄差异的角度研究留守儿童在父母流动者的回乡决定中所起的作用。本文主要依据2008年作者在安徽省无为县4个镇所做的涉及239个农村住户以及969个个体的调查数据,分别通过使用离散时间比例风险模型(discrete time proportional hazard mode)和二元probit模型研究了全体流动人口(包括仍在外的流动者和已回乡的有流动经历的个体)在外流动时间长短的决定因素以及仍在外的流动者的回乡意愿。这两个互为补充的研究方式得出一致性结果,也即留守儿童对他们的父母流动者的回乡产生了积极的作用。最后一章研究流动经历对回乡者的创业选择的作用。本章依然依据作者在无为搜集的农村住户调查数据,在使用计量经济模型以及控制内生性的基础上,发现回乡者比没有任何流动经历者更加倾向于从事创业活动。研究同样发现个体在流动过程中积累的资金以及工作更换的频率对他们回乡后选择从事创业活动产生了积极的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 This dissertation is comprised of three chapters on the interaction between migrants and their source regions applied to China and Vietnam. The first chapter examines whether remittances are related to receivers’trust and trustworthiness in Vietnam. Using a combination of a field experiment conducted in2010and the "2002Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey", the chapter finds that while internal remittances have no significant relationship to trusting behavior, international remittances demonstrate a significantly positive connection. On the other hand, international remittances are negatively related to trustworthiness, while internal remittances are positively associated. Besides, this study finds that the level of trustworthiness is higher in the south than in the north. The second chapter explores the role of children by age and by gender as a motive for return migration in China by using a rural household survey conducted in Wuwei County (Anhui province) in2008. Resorting to a discrete time proportional hazard model and a binary Probit model to estimate respectively the determinants of migration duration for both on-going migrants and return migrants, and the return intentions of on-going migrants, the chapter finds consistent results regarding the role of left-behind children as a significant motive for return. The last chapter examines the impact of the migration experience on individuals’choice of being self-employed upon their return to their home villages. By using the same data of Wuwei survey, the chapter finds that return migrants are more likely to be self-employed than non-migrants, and that both return savings and the frequency of job changes during migration increase the likelihood for return migrants to become self-employed.更多还原