【作者】 李征；

【导师】 刘开华；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 电路与系统， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 物联网是在互联网的基础上，将其用户端延伸到任何物品与物品之间，进行信息交换和通信的一种网络。物联网第一次将信息的采集、传输、处理和应用联系起来，并以“智能化”为主要特征，成为下阶段经济增长的重要推手。药品是关系到人民身体健康的特殊商品，其生产与流通环节的安全性受到广泛的关注，各国均实行严格的监督管理。但目前我国药品监管的技术与手段还相对落后，距离《2011~2015年药品电子监管工作规划》中提出“在2015年实现药品全品种全过程电子监管”的要求还有较大距离。本文将物联网技术引入药品物流、经营环节，发挥物联网在信息感知、信息传输、智能处理方面的优势，结合射频识别技术、情景感知技术、网络控制技术，搭建药品智能物流监管平台，实现药品存放备货、配货流通全过程的实时监控与智能服务。研究成果对提升我国药品物流领域监管的技术水平和智能化水平，保障药品在流通各环节的安全具有重要意义。本文以基于物联网的药品物流全过程智能监管为研究线索，重点对有限带宽条件下的资源动态分配算法与仿真应用、环境情景感知理论与实现技术、物联网药品物流智能监管系统模型与解决方案等进行深入研究，获得了初步成果，创新点主要有以下几点：（1）采用实时网络控制系统研究方法，在分析已有模型的基础上，根据药品仓库物流自动货物输运和配货的需求，建立了多目标同步监控和有限传输资源下的物联网网络带宽分配数学模型。（2）针对物联网传输信号特点，提出一种基于信号频谱特征的动态带宽资源分配算法，该算法不但将物联网组件及各自应用任务的等级纳入资源分配原则，而且可依据对组件测量信号的实时分析，动态调整组件的带宽资源分配等级，最终实现物联网系统整体数据传输效率的优化。在此基础上，论文分别以基于物联网的药品库商品输运车辆网络控制系统和药品物流配送机械手网络控制系统为例，建立了相应仿真环境，并经仿真验证了带宽资源优化算法的有效与正确性。（3）为适应药品安全监管的需要，提出一种基于物联网的药品经营场地环境情景感知监测系统，该系统由上层服务器和终端模块构成。其中上层服务器采用高端计算机配合大容量存储设备；终端模块硬件以嵌入式ARM处理器为核心，采集的信息包括温度、湿度、光照度等参数，可多信源感知、处理与传输环境情景信息。软件采用Linux操作系统，配合数字降噪、非线性补偿、参数映射等多种技术，获得高精度的感知数据。经实际应用证明该系统不仅可完成分布式多信源环境情景的监测，满足药品经营环境实时监测的需要；同时结合射频识别技术，还可实现药品身份信息自动记录，为实现问题药品回溯跟踪奠定基础。（4）结合现代药品物流的需求，给出一种基于物联网的药品智能物流监管系统解决方案。该方案集药品物流管理系统、设备管理系统和药品运输管理系统为一体，采用物联网技术将药品物流、经营和监管部门联系起来，可实现药品全品种、物流全过程的智能监管，同时建立了问题药品的回溯机制。该系统可有效提高药品监管的技术水平，达到国家相关规定的要求，满足广大群众对药品安全的期望。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network which enables information exchangeand communication among its terminals located at any objects connected by theInternet. For the first time, IoT combines the collection, transmission, process andapplication of the information. With the “Intelligence” as its main character, IoT hasbecome one of the key driving forces for the economic growth.Drug is the special products directly related to people’s health care. Security oftheir producing and circulating processes are widely focused by the society andsupervised by each country with strict regulations. But since the technology andmethod of drug supervision in China still falls behind in the world, a long term effortwill be necessary to fulfill the requirement of whole classification and processelectronic drug supervision before2015, which was raised in the2012~2015Electronic Drug Supervision Work Planning.This dissertation introduced the IoT technology into the drug logistics andmanagement process. By IoT’s advantages on information awareness, informationtransmission and intelligent process, it integrated the Radio Frequency Identification(RFID), context awareness and network control technologies to build an intelligentdrug logistics supervision platform. This platform can realize the real-timesupervision and intelligent service for the whole process of drug storage and logistics.Research results verified its capability to improve the technology and intelligencelevel of the drug logistics supervision and enhance the security of the drug circulationprocess.By using the IoT based intelligent whole process drug logistics supervision as theresearch clue, this dissertation focused on several topics, such as the simulation andapplication of the dynamic resource allocation algorithm under limited bandwidth,environmental context awareness theory and implementation, and IoT basedintelligent drug logistics supervision system model and solutions. The majorcontributions of this dissertation are specifically stated as follows:(1) In order to fulfill the need of the automated goods transportation anddistribution in drug storehouse logistics, by the real-time network control systemresearch methodology and an existing control model, a mathematic multi-objects synchronizing supervision and limited transmission resource network bandwidthallocation model was proposed based on the IoT network and its applicationenvironment.(2) According to the characteristics of the transmitted signals in IoT, a signalfrequency domain based dynamic resource allocation algorithm was proposed. Thisalgorithm not only introduced the ranks of the IoT components and their applicationtasks into the resource allocation method, but also could dynamically adjust thecomponents’ bandwidth resource allocation priorities based on the real-time analysisof the components’ measured signals for the purpose of optimizing the overall IoTsystem data transmission efficiency. Based on this algorithm, the dissertationspecifically built the simulation environment of two IoT network control systems, i.e.,transporting vehicles of goods in the drug storehouse and machine arm for druglogistics and distribution. The correctness and efficiency of the dynamic resourceoptimization algorithm were also evaluated.(3) In order for the drug security supervision need, an IoT drug managementenvironment context aware system was proposed, which was composed of upper levelserver and lower level terminals. The server was a high-speed computer with largestorage equipment. The terminal’s hardware was based on ARM processor, whichcould collect the temperature, humidity and illumination parameters,perceive on the multi-source, process and transmit environmental context information.Running on the Linux operating system, the terminal’s software could obtainhigh-precision sensing data by using digital filtering techniques, nonlinearcompensation technology and parameter mapping technology. The applicationverified that the system could not only monitor the distributed multi-sourceenvironment context to satisfy the real-time supervision of the drug logistics andmanagement environment, but also realize automatic recording service for the drugidentification by RFID technology to formulate the basis of the recalling and tracingfor the problem drugs.(4) According to the requirement of the modern drug logistics, an IoT based drugintelligent logistics supervision system solution was also proposed. Combining thedrug logistics, equipment and drug transportation management systems, this solutionconnected the drug logistics, management and supervision departments together byIoT technology. It could not only realize the intelligent supervision of whole drugclassification and whole logistics processes, but also build the recalling method for the problem drugs. This system could efficiently enhance the drug supervisiontechnique to fulfill the regulations and satisfy the people’s need on drug security.更多还原