【作者】 李强；

【导师】 闫丽娟；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 民族社会学， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 本文运用了民族学、社会学、旅游学的理论与方法,较深入地探讨了云南曼听村与贵州西江村的旅游发展对农民的影响。论文主要从农民的生计转型、农民的建筑改造、农民的职业转换、农民成为企业家、农民的社会资本拓展、农民投资及其理性选择、农村妇女走出隐藏等视角展开了分析,指出旅游化下民族乡村农民生活呈现出城市化、边界跨越以及市民化的可能,凸显了传统农民向新农民的转型。论文主要内容：第一章叙述了曼听村与西江村的旅游发展现状与发展过程,展示了中国乡村旅游发展的三种模式,并指出国家与地方政府对民族旅游发展的不同取向。第二章基于民族村寨传统农业生计方式衰落的叙述,考察了旅游业成为农民的重要生计方式,并强调了旅游在民族村寨的可持续生计战略中的作用。第三章记录了傣族木楼与苗族吊脚楼的变化,分析了农民改造传统建筑的行为,并指出农民在建筑改造过程中展露了去民族化和再民族化的景象。第四章简述了旅游开发前后农民的职业转换,指出在乡村劳动力市场中家庭商业的员工招聘把亲缘与市场交织一起,并论及了农民对旅游职业的感知,从职业视角展现出小型旅游地下旅游对农民的冲击。第五章以曼听村与西江村的农家乐为立足点,分析了农民企业家的特征与类型,考察了在利益有限好视野下他们的经营行为。第六章检视了旅游视域下农民以传统人情关系为基础,建构新的社会资本,实现了农民的社会资本扩展而超越村寨。第七章概述了农民投资于旅游商业以及其他的经济活动,并从中考察了农民的理性选择及其理性飞跃。第八章以家庭商业中的农村妇女为基础,分析她们从“隐藏”后台走向前台从事商业活动,产生了相应的自我认知,揭示出她们走向前台的权力。第九章基于旅游发展下乡村社区呈现出去农化的状态,审视了民族乡村社区农民社会生活的都市化,检视了农民生活的边界跨越,映照出民族乡村社会的传统农民转型模式。总之,本文探析了民族村寨旅游对农民的影响,展现出了传统农民的现代变迁,向新农民转型,同时带来的是乡村城市化,而村镇化为城市是符合中国实际的边缘乡村城市化之路。更多还原

【Abstract】 This dissertation analyzes tourism development of Manting village in Yunnan and Xijiang village in Guizhou to impact on farmers by theory and methods of ethnology, sociology, tourism. It discusses mainly peasants’subsistence transformation, peasants’ building renovation, peasants’ professional conversion, peasants’becoming entrepreneurs, peasants’social capital development, peasants’investment and rational choice, rural women out of hide, which result in rural urbanization and rural border cross and possibility of peasant’s citizenship, and present traditional farmers transition to new farmers.The main content of dissertation is as follows:Chapter i analyzes tourism development status and process of Manting village and Xijiang village, which show three rural tourism development modes in China, as well as nation and local government to different orientation of ethnic tourism development.Chapter ii narratives decline of traditional agricultural livelihoods of ethnic villages,and points out tourism becomes an important source of livelihood, and stresses that tourism plays an important role of sustainable livelihood strategies to ethnic villages.Chapteriii records changes of Mulou and Diaojiaolou, and analyzes peasants’ behavior to transform traditional architecture, which points out that peasants reveals de-nationalization and re-nationalization of the scene in the process of building transformation.Chapter IV outlines peasants’career transition in the front of and behind tourism development, and analyzes the relatives and market woven together in the recruitment of family business in the rural labor market, and discusses peasants’ perception to travel career, which shows tourism to impact of peasants.Chapter V describes the farmhouses of Xijiang Village and Manting Village, which analyzes characteristics and types of peasant entrepreneurs (ie farmhouse owners), and studies peasant entrepreneurs’business practices in the image of limited good.Chapter VI views that the peasants based on traditional interpersonal relations constructs a new social capital from the perspective of tourism, which achieves the expansion of social capital beyond the villages. Chapter Ⅶ overviews peasant investment in tourism business and other economic activities, which shows peasants’rational choice and leap.Chapter Ⅷ analyzes women from the "hidden" back to the front in the family business, which produce self-awareness, revealing them to the power of front.Chapter Ⅸ examines peasants urbanization and lives across the border, which reflect traditional peasants’transformation in ethnic rural society.In short, this dissertation analyzes impacts ethnic rural tourism on peasants, which show changes from traditional to modern peasants, which become new peasants, and at the same time bring rural urbanization. That village as city is a realistic way out of China’s peripheral rural urbanization.更多还原