【作者】 王磊；

【导师】 冯彦君；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 民商法学， 2012， 博士

【摘要】 我国事业单位的养老保险制度相对于企业职工的养老保险制度而言，发展较为滞后，虽然对其进行的改革尝试从未停止过，但作为社会保障体系中最基础、最核心的养老保险制度框架一直悬而未决，所以在某种程度上制约了事业单位养老保险制度的改革。同时由于事业单位在内涵和外延上与行政机关有不同程度上的交叉和重合，其变迁历史复杂，致使事业单位的养老保险制度的改革难度大，难点多。2009年1月28日，国家人力资源和社会保障部正式下发了“事业单位养老保险制度改革方案”，山西、上海、浙江、广东、重庆5省市作为试点率先进行改革，引起了民众广泛关注。原因主要在于：一方面，作为我国事业单位改革的一个重要环节，事业单位养老保险改革既受事业单位体制改革的因素影响，又有其自身养老保险体制改革的特殊性所在，其复杂性和难度可想而知。另一方面，当前事业单位现行的养老保险制度已经不能适应当前我国社会经济发展的形势。由此可见，我国事业单位养老保险制度改革不仅是势在必行，而且是迫在眉睫。随着我国市场经济体制的深入发展，事业单位体制改革正在全面展开，相关配套制度也同时需要建立和完善起来，特别是相关配套的法律制度尤为重要。我国已正式颁布了《中华人民共和国社会保险法》，我们应该以此为动因，加快建立与之配套的养老保险制度，尤其是在事业单位改革的关键之时，加快建立其相关的事业单位养老保险配套机制，为事业单位的工作人员的福利保障尽一份义务。基于上述原因，本文选取事业单位养老保险法律制度改革与完善作为研究命题。本文是在法律制度范围内，通过反思改革的现状，提出该制度完善之处，着重从法学角度分析此制度的理论基础、立法理念、原则、目标及基本框架，以期为后续研究奠定一定的理论基础。围绕论文主题，本文研究的思路是：首先，对事业单位养老保险基本理论进行阐述，重点分析该项制度的法学理论基础，即法哲学的人权保障理论、法伦理学的价值实现理论、法经济学的资源配置理论及法社会学的公平正义理论。其次，在阐述基本理论前提下，对国外的公职人员养老保险进行比较考察，得出我国的养老保险制度的借鉴之处。再次，通过对我国现存制度现状进行反思，得出事业单位养老保险法律的基本理念、原则、目标及方向。最后，以高等学校为考察重心，重点论述完善该制度的具体内容和实现条件。本文结构共分六章，包括绪论、正文和结语三部分。在本文第一章绪论部分中，主要从研究背景出发，提出研究本文的重要性，进而提出研究问题的现状、内容、思路与方法。第二章概述事业单位法律制度的基本问题。首先，对“事业单位”的定义以及事业单位养老保险的特殊性进行了阐述。其次，对事业单位内涵与范围的演变的四个阶段进行了描述。最后，重点阐述了我国事业单位养老保险法学理论基础——法哲学的人权保障理论、法伦理学的价值实现理论、法经济学的资源配置理论及法社会学的公平正义理论。第三章介绍事业单位养老保险立法比较考察与借鉴。首先，对国外公职人员养老保险的立法模式和基本内容进行了重点研究，包括日本、韩国、德国、美国、韩国、智利。其次，分析了这些经验对我国事业单位养老保险制度的启示和可以借鉴的意义。第四章对我国事业单位养老保险法律制度的现状进行反思与展望。首先，回顾了我国事业单位养老保险制度的建立和发展历程，重点对我国现行事业单位养老保险制度进行研究，分析改革现状和存在的问题。其次，阐述了改革事业单位养老保险制度的必要性和紧迫性以及面临的现实困境。最后，对该项制度的现状进行反思与展望。第五章论述了建立和完善机关事业单位养老保险制度基本思路。首先，利用社会公平理论、社会连带理念、政府的社会保障责任的相关理论对事业单位养老保险改革的基本原则和基本目标和进行了研究。其次，提出了改革的主要目标。再次，确定了事业单位养老保险制度改革的方向，提出了解决问题的对策建议。最后，论述要加快建立适合事业单位特点的养老保险制度，保证事业单位与企业养老保险制度接轨，实现城乡统筹的基本养老保险制度。第六章提出了事业单位养老保险改革与完善的具体内容从以高等学校为考察重心角度进行诠释。首先，分析高等学校养老保险法律制度的特殊性。其次，确定了高等学校养老保险对象的范围。再次，分析了高等学校养老保险基金筹措、管理及运营模式的选择等关键问题。再其次，明确了高等学校的法律责任，给出建立高等学校职业年金制度的基本内容。最后，提出解决我国高等学校养老保险制度改革的司法保障一些具体措施。结论部分对整篇论文进行了总结，并分析了本文研究的局限及未来的研究展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 In terms of development of the endowment insurance system, the public serviceunit lags behind the enterprise employees. While the reform of it never stops, as themost basic and important part of the social security system, the framework ofendowment insurance system has always been undetermined. Thus to some degreecausing the restriction of the reform of it. At the same time, since the public serviceunit has connotation and extension of varying degrees with the administrative body aswell as a complex changing history, the reform of the endowment insurance system isextremely difficult. On January28,2009,the Ministry Of Human Resources andSocial Security of the People’s Republic of China(MOHRSS) formally issued the《Institution Endowment Insurance System reform plan》. Five pilot provinces andcities Shanxi, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Chong qing took the reform firstly,which raised widely public attention. The main reason lies in that: on the one hand, asone of the important part of the institution reform in China, the institution endowmentinsurance reform is affected by both the factors of the institution system reform andits own feature. So its complexity and difficulty can be easily imagined. On the otherhand, the current endowment insurance system of the public service unit can’t adaptto the current social economic development of China already. Therefore, ourcountry’s institution endowment insurance system reform is not only imperative butalso imminent. Along with the further development of the market economy system ofour country, the full swing of the institution system reform, elative systems alsoneeds to be established and perfect. Relevant legal system is particularly important,too. China has formally promulgated the 《social insurance law of the People’sRepublic of China》，we should treat this as a motivation to speed up theestablishment of forming a complete set with the endowment insurance system andthe related institutions endowment insurance mechanism for institutions especially atthe key time of the reform of enterprises, for the welfare safeguard of the institutionsstaff. Based on the above reasons, this article selects the reform and perfection of thelegal system of institution endowment insurance as the research propositions. Within the legal system range, this article reflects the present situation of reform, bringsabout the perfect parts of this system and emphatically analysis the system’s theorybasis, legislation idea, principles, objectives and the basic framework from the angleof law to lay a theoretical foundation of follow-up study.Around the topics, this paper’s concept is: Firstly, describe the basic theory ofinstitution endowment insurance and analyzes its legal theory, which means thephilosophy of law of the protection of human rights theory, method of ethics valuetheory, method of economics theory and resource allocation of sociology of fairnessand justice theory. Secondly, on this premise, draw the part that can be used forreference of our country’s endowment insurance system through the inspection andcomparison with the foreign office personnel endowment insurance. Thirdly, throughreflection of our country’s current system situation to conclude the institutionendowment insurance’s basic idea of law, principle, goal and direction. Finally, basedon the study in higher school, this paper focuses on the specific details of how toperfect the system and the conditions to realize it.This paper is divided into six chapters, including the introduction, text andending。In the first chapter——the introduction part, the paper puts forward theimportance to study this paper and presents the problems, contents, ideas andmethods mainly from the research background. The second chapter summarizes thebasic problems of the legal system of the public service unit. First of all, it states thedefinition of “the public service unit” and the particularity of the institutionendowment insurance. Second, the paper discusses the four phases of the evolution ofconnotation and range of a public service unit. Finally, this paper focuses on the legaltheory of our country’s institution endowment insurance system——the philosophyof law of the protection of human rights theory, method of ethics value theory,method of economics theory and resource allocation of sociology of fairness andjustice theory. The third chapter presents more investigation and reference ofinstitution’s endowment insurance legislation. First of all, the paper focuses on theendowment insurance legislation and basic content of foreign office personnel,including Japan, Korea, Germany, the United States, South Korea and Chile.Secondly, it analyzes the enlightenment and significance of these experiences to ourcountry institution endowment insurance system. The fourth chapter outlooks on thepresent legal system situation of the institution endowment insurance in our country. First of all, it reviews the establishment and the development course of our country’sinstitution endowment insurance system, studies the current institution’s endowmentinsurance system and analyzes the existing problems of current situation and reform.Second, the paper expounds the necessity, urgency and the dilemma we face toreform the institution endowment insurance system. Finally, it gives the currentsituation a thorough reflection and prospect. The fifth chapter discusses the basictrain of thought to establish and perfect the pension insurance system. First, the paperuses related theory such as social justice theory, social joint concept and thegovernment’s social security responsibility to research into the basic principles andgoals of the reform of institution endowment insurance. Second, the paper putsforward the goal of the reform and then determines the direction of it, while putsforward some countermeasures and suggestions to solve the problem. Finally, thesepapers discusses that we should speed up the establishment of endowment insurancesystem with suitable characteristics to institutions, and guarantee the link betweeninstitutions and enterprise pension insurance system, therefore realize the balancedurban and rural development of basic pension insurance system. Chapter6putsforward the detailed content of the reform and perfection of the institutionendowment insurance, and explains it from the aspect of researches into higherschool. First of all, the paper analysis the particularity of the law system of higherschool endowment insurance, then it determines the range of it. Next, the paperanalysis the key issues of the insurance’s funds raising, management and choice ofoperation mode. Thirdly, it makes clear the legal responsibility of higher schools, anddescribes the basic content of the establishment of the pension system of higherschools. At last, the paper proposes some concrete measures as solution of judicialguarantee of our country’s higher school endowment insurance system. Theconclusion part summarizes the whole paper, and analyzes the limitations of thisstudy as well as future research prospect.更多还原