Research of Residual Migration Based on Cluster

【作者】 何旭莉；

【导师】 仝兆岐；

【作者基本信息】 中国石油大学 ， 地质资源与地质工程， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 对于复杂地下构造,现有的各种偏移方法各具特色,目前叠前深度偏移是公认的地震成像最有效的技术之一。影响叠前深度偏移成像效果的一个重要因素就是偏移速度。而偏移速度无法一次性的正确求取,所以需要利用剩余偏移方法对剩余偏移速度进行偏移校正,不断地提升偏移精度,从而消除由于速度不准确造成的偏移位置的误差。论文对地震偏移方法和偏移速度进行了深入研究剖析,分析各方法的特点和适用性,对叠前深度偏移方法进行充分的研究论证,提出了叠前深度偏移的具体实现方法和处理流程。这种实用的叠前深度偏移方法就是稳态相F-K相移偏移和几何法剩余偏移相结合,能较好的适应偏移速度在横向上的剧烈变化。论文在对叠前深度偏移所在域的选择。偏移方法和偏移步骤的选择进行深入分析和总结后,提出了剩余偏移方法的实现方案,并对该方法进行了数理推导,又对几何剩余偏移的合理性进行了充分的论证。得到这样一个结论:在F-K相移偏移之后做几何偏移是提高偏移成像精度的有效手段。做几何偏移的一个重要参数是三维地层(同相轴)的产状和真倾角,采用三维曲面拟合技术获取。论文具体介绍了三维曲面拟合的数理基础,并用marmousi模型来检验剩余偏移方法的有效性,对某复杂地质构造地区的地震资料进行了处理。资料处理的结果证明,论文所采用的方法和实现技术路线是可行的。有效的。用剩余偏移方法对剩余速度进行不断修正,提高精度,能比较精确地解决横向变速条件下三维空间的偏移归位问题,从而为提供正确的钻井位置和钻探深度创造了条件,降低了勘探成本,可为提高油气资源勘探精度提供一种技术手段。由于波动方程叠前深度偏移计算量巨大,必须构建相应的高性能计算环境,才能实现其工业化的应用。论文在对高性能计算环境的配置及应用进行深入研究的基础上,构建了一个实用。有效的地震资料处理的松耦合微机计算集群,对建立的集群做了性能测试,并对实际地震资料进行了处理。更多还原

【Abstract】 For complex underground structures, the existing various offset method has its own limitation, and now prestack depth migration is regarded one of the most effective technology in seismic imaging. Migration velocity is most important factor for prestack depth migration imaging. But the migration velocity can not be acquired correctly in one time, so residual migration method should be used to rectify migration velocity, improving accuracy of migration continuously in order to remove the error of offset.In this paper, seismic migration and migration velocity research are done including the methods of characteristics and applicability. Methods of prestack depth migration are studied adequately, proposing the prestack depth migration on the concrete method and process. This practical prestack depth migration is steady-state phase F-K offset, combining the residual migration method can adapt to migration velocity in drastic changing more better.Through deep analysis and summary on the the selection of field in prestack depth migration, and the migration of migration steps, the residual migration implementation scheme is put forward. The rationality of the geometric residual migration was fully demonstrated. A conclusion was such get: it is the best combination selection for prestack depth migration with the steps,first f-k phase shifts and then geometric migration. One of the important parameter of geometric migration is three-dimensional strata and its true angle. These parameters can be acquired with 3-D curved-surface fitting techniques. The paper introduces the mathematical basis of 3-D curved-surface fitting. The marmousi model and a complex geological structure area of seismic data are processed in order to test the validity of the method of residual migration. Experimental results show that the method is correct and effective technical route. Use residual migration method can improve the accuracy of residual velocity, can more better resolve the problem of space position in the conditions of lateral velocity, so as to provide the correct position and drilling depth of drilling conditions, and reduce the cost of exploration for oil and gas resources,provide important technical guarantee.The wave equation prestack depth migration needs large computing resource. High computing environment is necessary if the technology is used into seismic data industry process. A Loose coupling computing cluster for seismic data processing are built on the base of high performance computing research. Test result indicates that this cluster has high efficiency.更多还原