汉魏文学思想的变迁与士人生命意识觉醒思潮

【作者】 杨园；

【导师】 张国庆；

【作者基本信息】 云南大学 ， 文艺学， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 本文主要研究汉魏之际文学思想的变迁与士人生命意识觉醒思潮的关系。第一章首先探讨汉魏之际士人生命意识觉醒思潮的学术思想渊源,认为庄老天道自然思想在东汉时的传播和发展是汉魏之际生命意识觉醒思潮兴起的重要渊源。通过对汉代人生命运论思想的考察,用人生命运论思想的论争解释汉代人对屈原的评价问题。由此看出士人受天道自然思想之影响,生命意识观念在汉代的潜在发展。在论述士人生命意识觉醒的思想渊源基础上,第二章探讨曹魏时期通脱之风的形成、演变及其对文学思想的影响,分析汉魏之际的政治与土人生命意识觉醒思潮及文学思想三者的相互关系。本文提出,通脱之风在曹魏时期的盛行,在思想渊源上是受士人生命意识觉醒思潮的影响,与汉魏易代之际寒门士人阶层的兴起有密切的关系。在第三章中,分析汉魏时期重悲情抒发之艺术倾向的盛行与生命意识觉醒思潮的关系。认为这一时期重悲情抒发的艺术倾向是由生命意识觉醒思潮和世积乱离的社会现实两种原因促成的,由此可以对汉魏时期的文学艺术思想做出深入的解释。最后第四章主要论述曹魏时期文人游仙诗创作的兴起与士人生命意识觉醒思潮的关系。曹氏父子等人创作游仙诗,是受汉末以来否定天道天命,企求养生长生思想的影响,其思想正是魏晋时期神仙道教“我命在我不在天”之主张的体现,所以其游仙诗作表现出强烈的追求生命自由,渴望主宰自我生命的精神。更多还原

【Abstract】 This thesis centers on the vicissitudes of life and death thought in Han and Wei dynasty and it discusses the changes of literary thought in that period. Han and Wei dynasty is a period of great changes, which has deep influence on literature. The relationship between literary theories changes and trend of thought that intellectual be conscious oneself existence in the age of han(汉) to wei(魏) dynasty. Firstly, we study the source of the trend of thought, and consider Zhuang Zi(庄子)and lao Zi(老子)’s thinking diffusion and development in Donghan (东汉) dynasty is one of the most important reason cause the trend of thought. Through research on thoughts about fate, we explain scholars lived in han dynasty how to discuss Qu yuan(屈原)Thus we can know so many scholars in the age affected by natural heavenly laws, and the idea of be conscious oneself existence latent developed in the age. Secondly, we discuss the general mood of tongtuo(通脱) how to form and develop in wei dynasty, and how to affect literary theory. In this part, we also study the relationship about the politics and the trend of thought and literary theories. The general mood of tongtuo be current in wei dynasty due to the poor class rised in the political change period, and affected by the trend of thought that intellectual be conscious oneself existence. Thirdly, we study the relationship between pessimistic be current and the trend of thought that intellectual be conscious oneself existence. The trend of express sad in art reach the zenith due to the trend of thought and a time of storm and stress. Thus we can explain some art theories in the age. Lastly, we will discuss the relationship between literary men wrote immortal poems and the trend of thought that intellectual be conscious oneself existence. Caocao(曹操) and his sons wrote immortal because they negated heavenly laws, and long for long-lived. It had become a trend in the times, and display the Taoist religion idea that "my life belong to me not to heaven". So their immortal poems show they pursued freedom of life and long for decide themselves own fate and life.更多还原