【作者】 丁胜仁；

【导师】 谢永利；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 道路与铁道工程， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 改革开放以来,我国公路交通取得了长足发展,基础设施得到明显改善,运输能力得到明显增强,公路交通对国民经济和社会发展的适应程度正不断提高。但是,随着公路逐步走向网络化、系统化,公路基础设施中存在的结构性矛盾也日益突出,并亟待解决。因此,论文针对公路网发展建设过程中存在的功能结构不合理问题,以充分发挥公路网的网络效益、实现其经济效益和社会效益的最大化为目标,从公路网功能层次划分理论与方法、合理规模研究、等级结构优化和公路网结构优化效果评价的角度出发,建立公路网结构优化的理论方法体系,从而可以为下一步公路建设发展提供科学指导,以更好的适应新时期交通和经济发展的需要。具体研究成果如下：论文针对当前公路网结构方面存在的问题,在对公路及公路网络特性及功能进行分析的基础上,提出公路网结构优化的基本概念、内涵,并分析了社会经济对路网功能和路网结构优化的要求；按照Values—Goals—Objectives—Criteria and Standards的逻辑思路,基于价值分析,探讨区域公路网络结构优化目标的确定方法,并分析了区域公路网结构优化的重点。从层次需求理论与路网功能需求的对应关系分析出发,从出行者需求、外部环境和路网本身的角度分析公路网功能分类的影响因素和分类方法；结合“节点”特性研究,基于自相似理论和聚类分析等,研究公路网功能层次划分的具体方法,并提出了基于路段功能重要度的路网功能层次分析方法。基于功能层次的分析,从公路网理想形态的构建方法出发,在对不同层次节点和区域公路网连通度进行分析的基础上,提出了确定路网发展规模的基于分层节点分析的连通度法。同时,从与经济发展相适应的角度着手,类比其他国家公路网络的发展历程,通过基于生长过程分析的类比法,确定公路网稳态及不同发展阶段的合理规模。通过对我国现行的三种公路分类方法的关系研究,定性分析了路网等级结构优化结果。基于功能分类从宏观和微观两方面,应用多目标函数和正交枚举法进行路网的等级结构优化；建立了基于通行能力最大、运行效率最高和技术等级最高的多目标规划模型,并研究了Matlab在模型求解中的应用。相应于公路网结构优化的基本概念和内涵,从技术、经济和社会评价的角度,构建优化效果评价指标体系,基于分形理论和综合评价方法,重点从功能、服务和等级结构等方面研究了路网结构优化效果评价的方法。以陕西省为例,验证了本文所提出的理论和方法在区域公路网结构优化中的应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the reform and open, the highway traffic of our country has got quite great development, the infrastructure has been improved obviously, the transportation capability has been strengthened markedly, and the highway traffic adapts to the national economy and the social development more and more. Yet with highway heads for networkization and systemization gradually, construction contradiction existing in the highway infrastructure is also increasingly outstanding, and needs to be solved. Therefore, for solve the function structure unreasonable problem which exists in the process of the highway network development and construction, this article from the views of highway network’s functional hierarchy division, rational scale, grade structure optimization and the optimization effect evaluation, aimed at giving full play to the network efficiency of the highway network, achieving its economic and social maximum benefits, established the highway network structure optimization theory method system which provided scientific guidance for the next step of the highway construction and development for better adapting to the traffic and economic development needs of the new era. The specific research results are as follows.According to the current structure problems of the highway network, the article proposed the highway network structure optimization’s basic concept and the connotation on the basis of analyzing highway and highway network’s characteristics and functions, analyzed social economic request to highway network functions and structural optimization. Basing on the value analysis, using the logical thinking of ’Values-Goals-Objectives-Criteria and Standards’, discussed the determination method of the region highway network structure optimization’s goal and the emphasis of the regional highway network structure optimization.With analyzing the corresponding relation between the hierarchy-need theory and the highway network demand, analyzed influencing factors and classification methods of the highway network functional classification from the angle of traveler demand, external environment and highway network itself. And combined with the study of’nodes’ characteristics, based on the use of self-similarity theory and cluster analysis etc., researched the concrete methods of the highway network’s functional hierarchy division, put forward the highway network function AHP method which based on the important degree of functional-based sections.Basing on the analysis of functional hierarchy, nodes of different levels and the regional highway network’s connectivity, proposed the stratified node connectivity method to determine the ideal form of highway network’s development scale. In the mean time, from the view of adaptation for the economic development, analogy other countries’highway network development mileage, through the analogy which based on the analysis of the growth process to determine the highway network’s reasonable scale within a steady-state time and different developing stages.Through researching the relationship between our country’s three highway classification methods, qualitatively analyzed the results of the highway network grade structure optimization. And basing on functional classification, applied multi-objective function and orthogonal enumeration method, optimized the highway network’s grade structure from macroscopic and microscopic aspects. At the same time, established multi-objective programming model which was based on the maximum capacity, the maximum operating efficiency and the highest technical level, and studied the Matlab’s application of the model solution.Corresponding to the basic concept and the content of highway network structure optimization, builded the optimization effect evaluation index system from the technical, economic and social evaluation’s perspective. And basing on fractal theory and the comprehensive evaluation method, studied the method of the highway network structure optimization effect evaluation which focus on the functionality, services and hierarchical structure, etc..Took shaanxi province as an example to verify the theory and method this article puts forward which applied in the regional highways network’s structure optimization.更多还原