【作者】 胡又平；

【导师】 严立； 高孝洪；

【作者基本信息】 大连海事大学 ， 载运工具运用工程， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 生物质乙醇燃料是最有望在载运工具上替代化石燃料的可再生能源,本文结合国家973计划前期研究专项“富氢混合气低成本制备与应用的基础研究”,针对等离子体乙醇重整制氢,进行了系统的实验研究和数值模拟,得到如下结论：1)设计研制的基于DSP控制、IGBT功率模块逆变和非晶合金磁芯变压器输出的高频高压电源,其输出动态范围广,频率响应好、温升低,适用于介质阻挡放电等离子体实验研究。2)提出了一种尖契形结构的介质阻挡放电电极和由这种电极构成的新型等离子体化学反应器。基于有限元分析方法对尖契形电极结构进行的数值模拟显示：空间电场分布与尖契高度、间距、疏密及电极间隙相关联。尖契结构的存在,使反应空间中紊流加强,各种粒子碰撞的几率增加,流体通道上的反应界面不断更新,等离子体反应更充分、更均匀,反应效率提高。3)实验研究了尖契形电极放电特性。结果表明：与平板形结构相比,尖契形结构介质阻挡放电具有起始放电电压低、能量注入效率高,所产生高能粒子的平均能量大。乙醇蒸汽的放电形貌更接近辉光放电,颜色呈绿色,放电的微电流脉冲小于空气的放电。4)利用尖契形结构介质阻挡放电产生的低温等离子体,实现了含水乙醇重整制氢。在乙醇浓度为75%、电源电压为20.0kV、频率为10.5kHz,放电间距为1.5mm的条件下,重整率达到65%,产物中氢的体积比达到50%。增加反应器的注入功率,有利于重整制氢反应的进行,当调节电源频率与反应器的谐振频率接近时,重整率最高。通过本文的研究,研制出了一种适用于流体化学反应的新型介质阻挡放电等离子体重整器,为含水乙醇等离子体重整探索出了一条新途径,为生物质乙醇燃料重整制氢和酒精重整燃料发动机的研究提供了技术支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 Among various feasible energy, ethanol is the most promising substitutes for fossil fuels in internal combustion engines. Combining with the program "The Basic Study on Ethanol Reforming Engine", the enthanol reforming by plasma is studied experimentally and the characteristics of bevel-gear-to-plane electrodes is simulated. Some results are obtainedA novel plasmatron made of bevel-gear-to-plane electrodes was proposed. The electric field and the fluid channel in bevel-gear-to-plane electrodes was simulated based on the finite element method. The result shows that the distribution of electric field was influenced by the gear height, gear distance, electrode gap. The result also shows that this channel fits to plasma chemistry reaction due to the speical fluid performance.The images of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in air appeared as filamentary and that with ethanol looks like as glow discharge images in the same condition. The micro discharge in air is stronger than that in ethanol, while the lasting time of the micro discharge in air is shorter than in ethanol. The ethanol discharge emitted green light, while air discharge emitted red light.Hydrogen is generated by non-thermal plasma reforming from ethanol and the relation for the production of hydrogen, which its function dependence on the plasma parameters is discussed. The conversion of ethanol is related to the initial concentration of ethanol, the flowrate and the power injection. The highest hydrogen conversion efficiency of 65% is obtained at the high voltage of 20.1kV, frequency of 10.5kHz, 1.5mm discharge distance and 3.0ml/min ethanol flowrate from 75% ethanol.A novel plasmatron device, which fit to fluid chemical reactions was manufactured successfully, A new technical approach for hydrogen generation by plasma from hydrous ethanol was probed out. This lays a good foundation for the study on ethanol reforming engine.更多还原